BroadcastReceiver

什么是广播
1.广播是安卓四大组件之一，全称BroadcastReceiver；
2.广播分为发送和接收方，就算没有接收方，发送方也会发送数据；
3.广播可以实现跨多个页面的数据通信；
4.广播可以实现跨进程（APP）间的数据通信。
注意：广播分为三个部分：
无序广播：所有监听此广播的接受者都能收到；
有序广播按照接受者的优先级，逐一传递，优先级最高的接收者先接收，如果不终止此广播，再往下传递；
粘滞广播；当广播发出后，如果系统没有接收者，会一直等待，直到有接收者为止。
准备工作：
创建两个Project(发送方SendBroadCastDemo和接收方ReceiverBroadCastDemo)
无序注册
1.静态
SendBroadCastDemo里设置Button按钮和点击事件自然不必多说，然后在MainActivity.java按钮点击事件中发送广播，代码如下：

package com.lenovo.sendbroadcastdemo;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private Button sendBtn;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        bindID();

        sendBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //发送广播
                Intent intent = new Intent("com.test.receiver.action");
                sendBroadcast(intent,null);
            }
        });

    }

    private void bindID() {
        sendBtn = findViewById(R.id.send_btn);
    }
}

然后在ReceiverBroadCastDemo中新建类（MyReceiver1）继承BroadcastReceiver

package com.lenovo.receiverbroadcastdemo;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Log.e("TAG", "Receiver1 = 11111111111111111111");
    }
}

重点在于AndroidManifest.xml中添加receiver标签

<receiver android:name=".MyReceiver">
     <intent-filter>
          <action android:name="com.test.receiver.action"/>//name的值必须与发送广播时Intent的值相同
     </intent-filter>
</receiver>//receiver标签位于application标签内

2.动态
动态注册相比较于静态注册，发送方SendBroadCastDemo的代码不变，不需要在AndroidManifest中设置receiver标签，转变为在接收方ReceiverBroadCastDemo的MainActivity中设置receiver标签对应的Java代码，示例如下：

package com.lenovo.receiverbroadcastdemo;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private MyReceiver receiver;
    private MyReceiver2 receiver2;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //动态注册
        receiver = new MyReceiver();
        IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction("com.test.receiver.action");
        //动态注册广播接收器
        registerReceiver(receiver,intentFilter);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unregisterReceiver(receiver);
    }
}

动态注册的步骤一一对应receiver标签内的三层关系

receiver = new MyReceiver();
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction("com.test.receiver.action");

有序注册
1.静态
相对于静态无序注册，首先需要将发送广播处的sendBroadcast改为sendOrderedBroadcast

//发送广播
Intent intent = new Intent("com.test.receiver.action");
sendOrderedBroadcast(intent,null);

在接收方ReceiverBroadCastDemo内新建类MyReceiver2继承BroadcastReceiver,然后在AndroidManifest中添加receiver标签，这里加上了优先级priority

<receiver android:name=".MyReceiver">
     <intent-filter android:priority="-1000">
          <action android:name="com.test.receiver.action"/>
     </intent-filter>
</receiver>
<receiver android:name=".MyReceiver2">
     <intent-filter android:priority="1000">
         <action android:name="com.test.receiver.action"/>
     </intent-filter>
</receiver>

2.动态
同样的，动态注册取消在AndroidManifest内的receiver标签，改为在MainActivity中写receiver标签对应的Java代码

package com.lenovo.receiverbroadcastdemo;

import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private MyReceiver receiver;
    private MyReceiver2 receiver2;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //动态注册
        receiver = new MyReceiver();
        IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction("com.test.receiver.action");
        intentFilter.setPriority(-1000);
        //动态注册广播接收器
        registerReceiver(receiver,intentFilter);

        receiver2 = new MyReceiver2();
        IntentFilter intentFilter2 = new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter2.addAction("com.test.receiver.action");
        intentFilter2.setPriority(1000);
        registerReceiver(receiver2,intentFilter2);

    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unregisterReceiver(receiver);
        unregisterReceiver(receiver2);
    }
}