关于SpringMVC报错“More than one fragment with the name [org_apache_tomcat_websocket] was found. This is”

springMVC项目启动时报错

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Error starting child
	
	
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[]]
	
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: More than one fragment with the name [org_apache_tomcat_websocket] was found. This is not legal with relative ordering. See section 8.2.2 2c of the Servlet specification for details. Consider using absolute ordering.
	

23-Sep-2020 16:37:43.364 涓ラ噸 [RMI TCP Connection(3)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke Exception invoking method [createStandardContext]
 javax.management.RuntimeOperationsException: Exception invoking method [manageApp]
	
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[]]
	
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: More than one fragment with the name [org_apache_tomcat_websocket] was found. This is not legal with relative ordering. See section 8.2.2 2c of the Servlet specification for details. Consider using absolute ordering.
	

[2020-09-23 04:37:43,388] Artifact springMVC:war exploded: Error during artifact deployment. See server log for details.

解决方法
在web.xml文件末尾加上：<absolute-ordering />

 <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>spring_mvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <absolute-ordering />
</web-app>

导致这个问题出现的根本原因是某个jar包使得项目中出现了超过一个web片段（web fragment），关于web片段这个概念的理解，个人理解如下（仅供参考）：

• web片段是一个web项目中的组成部分，这个组成部分可以和其他web片段共同实现web的功能。
• servlet3.0引入了web片段的支持，如果在servlet3.0中使用多个web片段，需要加入绝对排序标签。
  关于web片段详细可参考：https://blog.csdn.net/pursueexcellence/article/details/89981690