安装ruby
sudo apt-get install ruby
sudo apt-get install ruby
~$ ruby -v
ruby 2.7.1p83 (2020-03-31 revision a0c7c23c9c) [x86_64-linux-gnu]
安装rails
sudo gem install rails
//这里我没有加sudu,报错ERROR: While executing gem ... (Gem::FilePermissionError)
//You don't have write permissions for the /var/lib/gems/2.7.0 directory.
这里安装rails过程中报错:
ERROR: Error installing rails:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
current directory: /var/lib/gems/2.7.0/gems/nokogiri-1.10.10/ext/nokogiri
/usr/bin/ruby2.7 -I /usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0 -r ./siteconf20201028-18843-bo1rnj.rb extconf.rb
mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby at /usr/lib/ruby/include/ruby.h
You might have to install separate package for the ruby development
environment, ruby-dev or ruby-devel for example.
提示我们需要安装ruby-dev或者ruby-devel,
如果是在centos等系统下面,执行命令:yum install ruby-devel
如果是在Ubuntu等系统下面,执行命令:apt-get isntall ruby-dev
$ sudo apt-get install ruby-dev
//不加sudo报错
//E: 无法打开锁文件 /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open (13: 权限不够)
//E: 无法获取 dpkg 前端锁 (/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend),请查看您是否正以 root 用户运行?
此时查看rails版本,还是报错
$ rails -v
Command 'rails' not found, but can be installed with:
sudo apt install ruby-railties
报错信息提示我们安装ruby-railties,按照要求我们执行命令
$ sudo apt install ruby-railties
再次查看rails版本,成功
$ rails -v
Rails 5.2.4.3
创建项目
切换到var,创建www/html/目录
$ cd var
$ sudo mkdir www
$ cd www
$ sudo mkdir html
$ cd html
创建项目
$ sudo rails new myTest
//如果没有sudo会报错/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/fileutils.rb:250:in `mkdir': Permission denied @ //dir_s_mkdir - /testWeb的权限错误
现在就可以在ubuntu中打开这个项目了
运行项目
/var/www/html/myTest$ rails server -p 40001
此时直接运行会报错
到目前为止我们还没有下载bundle,根据提示我们需要先下载bundle
$ sudo gem install bundler
运行bundle install
bundle install
一直报错,我弄了一下午也没有解决,遂放弃。
An error occurred while installing nokogiri (1.10.10), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install nokogiri -v '1.10.10' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'` succeeds before bundling.