ruby学习第二课：ubuntu中安装ruby、rails

安装ruby 

sudo apt-get install ruby

sudo apt-get install ruby

~$ ruby -v
ruby 2.7.1p83 (2020-03-31 revision a0c7c23c9c) [x86_64-linux-gnu]

安装rails

sudo gem install rails
//这里我没有加sudu，报错ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Gem::FilePermissionError)
//You don't have write permissions for the /var/lib/gems/2.7.0 directory.

这里安装rails过程中报错：

ERROR:  Error installing rails:
	ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /var/lib/gems/2.7.0/gems/nokogiri-1.10.10/ext/nokogiri
/usr/bin/ruby2.7 -I /usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0 -r ./siteconf20201028-18843-bo1rnj.rb extconf.rb
mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby at /usr/lib/ruby/include/ruby.h

You might have to install separate package for the ruby development
environment, ruby-dev or ruby-devel for example.

提示我们需要安装ruby-dev或者ruby-devel，

如果是在centos等系统下面，执行命令：yum  install   ruby-devel 

如果是在Ubuntu等系统下面，执行命令:apt-get  isntall   ruby-dev  

$ sudo apt-get  install   ruby-dev  
//不加sudo报错
//E: 无法打开锁文件 /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open (13: 权限不够)
//E: 无法获取 dpkg 前端锁 (/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend)，请查看您是否正以 root 用户运行？

此时查看rails版本，还是报错

$ rails -v
Command 'rails' not found, but can be installed with:
sudo apt install ruby-railties

报错信息提示我们安装ruby-railties，按照要求我们执行命令

$ sudo apt install ruby-railties

再次查看rails版本，成功

$ rails -v
Rails 5.2.4.3

创建项目

切换到var，创建www/html/目录

$ cd var
$ sudo mkdir www
$ cd www
$ sudo mkdir html
$ cd html

创建项目

$ sudo rails new myTest
//如果没有sudo会报错/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/fileutils.rb:250:in `mkdir': Permission denied @ //dir_s_mkdir - /testWeb的权限错误

现在就可以在ubuntu中打开这个项目了

 

运行项目

/var/www/html/myTest$ rails server -p 40001

此时直接运行会报错

到目前为止我们还没有下载bundle，根据提示我们需要先下载bundle

$ sudo gem install bundler

运行bundle install

bundle install

一直报错，我弄了一下午也没有解决，遂放弃。

An error occurred while installing nokogiri (1.10.10), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install nokogiri -v '1.10.10' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'` succeeds before bundling.

 

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/htttw/article/details/7621333