Win10环境下安装TensorFlow的一些注意事项

本人研一小菜鸡一枚，因学习需要，需要安装tensorflow，但是我在安装的过程中心态差点就崩了，遇到了各种各样的问题，现发此博客，讲述我的悲惨经历，来帮助像我一样的小菜鸡脱坑！

1.一开始我下载了最新版本的tensorflow 1.12.0，但是它只支持python3.6版本及以下，所以我不得不卸载我的python 3.7，然后装上python 3.6。此链接为tensorflow 1.12.0版本的下载地址：https://pypi.org/project/tensorflow/1.12.0/#files，此链接为python 的各版本下载地址:https://www.python.org/downloads/windows/

2.在安装tensorflow的方法中个人建议使用pip进行安装，使用pip安装tensorflow非常的简单，以下是安装pip的方法：

①在python官网中下载安装pip的压缩包，这是下载的链接：https://pypi.org/search/?q=pip 

②在安装pip之前先检查自己电脑的python有没有安装好，以及python的环境变量有没有设置好。打开控制台，输入python，如果出现以下情况，则代表已经安装完毕。关于python添加环境变量的方法这里就不赘述，不会的自己百度。

③把pip的压缩文件解压到任意文件中，并打开控制台，进入解压缩的路径（例如：E:\pip-18.1），输入下图中命令：  

安装好之后，我们直接在命令行输入pip，同样会显示‘pip’不是内部命令，也不是可运行的程序，这是因为我们还没有给pip添加环境变量。按照之前介绍的添加环境变量的方法，我们在PATH最后添加：；E:\python 3.6.3\Scripts

安装完成后，在控制台输入命令：pip list

检测是否安装成功，若没有报错，且能看到pip和版本号，则pip已经安装成功了。

3.安装好pip后，我们直接在命令行输入：pip install tensorflow

当出现以下情况，则代表tensorflow正在安装，等待一会就可以安装完毕了最后我们检测tensnflow是否安装成功，直接在控制台中输入:pip list，如果出现下面这种情况则代表你的tensorflow完全安装成啦

但是别高兴得太早哦，我们可以导入tensorflow模块输入一段代码运行试一试，代码如下：

import tensorflow as tf

a = tf.constant([1.0,2.0],name='a')
b = tf.constant([2.0,3.0],name='b')
result = a+b
print(result)

如果你成功地输出了结果，那么恭喜你，你的tensorflow完全地安装成功啦！

也有很多人会出现如下的一大串错误，让人脑壳都疼！如：

ImportError: DLL load failed: 动态链接库(DLL)初始化例程失败

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\aagarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packag
es\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 18, in swig_import_hel
per
    return importlib.import_module(mname)
  File "C:\Users\aagarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\_
_init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 577, in module_from_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 906, in create_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\aagarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packag
es\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 41, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
  File "C:\Users\aagarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packag
es\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 21, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
  File "C:\Users\aagarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packag
es\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 20, in swig_import_hel
per
    return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal')
  File "C:\Users\aagarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\_
_init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\aagarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packag
es\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 24, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import *
  File "C:\Users\aagarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packag
es\tensorflow\python\__init__.py", line 51, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
  File "C:\Users\aagarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packag
es\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 52, in <module>
    raise ImportError(msg)
ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\aagarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packag
es\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 18, in swig_import_hel
per
    return importlib.import_module(mname)
  File "C:\Users\aagarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\_
_init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 577, in module_from_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 906, in create_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\aagarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packag
es\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 41, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
  File "C:\Users\aagarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packag
es\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 21, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
  File "C:\Users\aagarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packag
es\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 20, in swig_import_hel
per
    return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal')
  File "C:\Users\aagarwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\_
_init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'


Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.

See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_sources#common_installation_probl
ems

for some common reasons and solutions.  Include the entire stack trace
above this error message when asking for help.

哈哈哈，毫无例外，笔者也遇到了这个问题，后来在网上搜了一下，原因竟然是我的机器太老了，处理器不支持最新的tensorflow 1.12.0（此时我的内心是崩溃的...），解决的方法有：

1.安装Visual Studio 2017配置环境，原因是Visual Studio 2017的环境正好适配最新版本的tensorflow

2.下载安装tensorflow 1.5或者以下版本

第一种方法太复杂，我选择了第二个方法，步骤如下：

①下载tensorflow 1.5的版本，链接：https://pypi.org/project/tensorflow/1.5.0/#files

②打开控制台，输入：pip uninstall tensorflow，进行卸载

③卸载完成后输入：pip install tensorflow==1.5，重新进行安装就可以啦

经过千辛万苦，最终我的tensorflow完全地安装成功了，此时的我默默地点了一支烟，内心毫无波动...