Solved:3/10(B、F、H)
Rank:52/131
UpSolving:7/10(A、B、C、E、F、G、H)(I 待补)
https://ac.nowcoder.com/acm/contest/3979
A、期望逆序对
题意大概就是从 n 个区间中各随机选择一个数字,将这 n 个数字排列,要求逆序对的期望个数尽量少。
显然,按这 n 个区间的中点位置从小到大排序,这样构成的排列的逆序对数最少。
然后由期望的可加性,这个排列的区间的逆序数等于任意两个数字能构成的逆序对的和。
于是考虑枚举两个区间,求这两个区间能构成逆序对的期望个数,通过分类讨论不同的情况,发现各个情况都是一个等差数列,可以直接求出。
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define ll long long
#define sc scanf
#define pr printf
using namespace std;
struct node
{
ll l;
ll r;
ll inv;
}que[5005];
const ll mod = 998244353;
ll inv2;
ll power(ll a, ll b)
{
ll res = 1;
while (b)
{
if (b & 1)
res = res * a % mod;
a = a * a % mod;
b >>= 1;
}
return res;
}
ll calc(ll n)
{
ll ans = n * (n + 1) % mod * inv2 % mod;
return ans;
}
int main()
{
inv2 = power(2, mod - 2);
int n;
sc("%d", &n);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
sc("%lld%lld", &que[i].l, &que[i].r);
que[i].inv = power(que[i].r - que[i].l + 1, mod - 2);
}
sort(que, que + n, [](node q, node w) {
return q.l + q.r < w.l + w.r;
});
ll ans = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
{
node a = que[i], b = que[j];
if (a.r < b.l)
continue;
else if (a.l <= b.l)
{
if (a.r <= b.r)
{
ans = (ans + calc(a.r - b.l) * a.inv % mod * b.inv % mod) % mod;
}
else
{//1 2 3 4 2 3
ans = (ans + calc(b.r - b.l) * a.inv % mod * b.inv % mod) % mod;
ans = (ans + (a.r - b.r) * (b.r - b.l + 1) % mod * a.inv % mod * b.inv % mod) % mod;
}
}
else//2 3 1 2 3 4
ans = (ans + (calc(a.r - b.l) - calc(a.l - b.l - 1) + mod) * a.inv % mod * b.inv % mod) % mod;
}
}
pr("%lld\n", ans);
}
B、密码学
按题意模拟
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define ll long long
#define sc scanf
#define pr printf
using namespace std;
struct node
{
int x;
int y;
}op[1005];
string s[1005];
int digit(char k)
{
if (islower(k))
return k - 'a';
else
return k - 'A' + 26;
}
char alpha(int k)
{
if (k < 26)
return 'a' + k;
else
return 'A' + k - 26;
}
int main()
{
int n, m;
sc("%d%d", &n, &m);
for (int i = m - 1; i >= 0; i--)
sc("%d%d", &op[i].x, &op[i].y);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
cin >> s[i];
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
{
string mi = s[op[i].x - 1];//用mi加密
int len1 = mi.size();
string res = s[op[i].y - 1];//加密后
int len = res.size();
for (int j = 0; j < len; j++)
res[j] = alpha((digit(res[j]) - digit(mi[j % len1]) + 52) % 52);
s[op[i].y - 1] = res;
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
cout << s[i] << endl;
}
C、染色图
求
由题意可知 g(n,k) 的值等于将 n 尽量平分为 k 块,并且任意两块的任意两个点之间连边后边的数量
所以我们考虑反向求答案,先求出所有边,然后减去每块任意两点的边
然后直接数论分块就可以了
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define ll long long
#define sc scanf
#define pr printf
using namespace std;
const ll mod = 998244353;
const ll inv2 = (mod + 1) / 2;
ll calc(ll k)
{
return k * (k + 1) % mod * inv2 % mod;
}
int main()
{
int T;
sc("%d", &T);
while (T--)
{
ll n, l, r;
sc("%lld%lld%lld", &n, &l, &r);
ll ans = 0, j;
for (ll k = l; k <= r; k = j + 1)
{
j = min(r, n / (n / k));
ll nk = n / k;
ans = (ans + (j - k + 1) * n % mod * (n - 1) % mod * inv2 % mod + mod) % mod;
ans = (ans - ((j - k + 1) * n % mod - nk * (calc(j) - calc(k - 1) + mod) % mod + mod) * (nk + 1) % mod * nk % mod * inv2 % mod + mod) % mod;
ans = (ans - ((calc(j) - calc(k - 1) + mod - (j - k + 1) * n % mod + mod) % mod + nk * (calc(j) - calc(k - 1) + mod) % mod) * (nk - 1) % mod * nk % mod * inv2 % mod + mod) % mod;
}
pr("%lld\n", ans);
}
}
E、树和路径
对于一颗有根树,给出 m 条路径,每条路径对于点的贡献为从路径起点出发沿着该点方向走的边数*从路径终点触发沿着该点方向走的边数.
首先对于一条路径,假如该点不在这条路径上,那么该点的贡献等于该点距离路径上最近的点的贡献.
对于一条路径上的点 A, 令 A 到起点的距离为 x, 这条路径的长度为 l, 那么 A 的贡献为 x*(l-x).
那么 son[A] 的贡献为 (x-1)*(l-x+1). 那么 A-son[A] = l-2x+1
对于 l+1 是不变的,先将所有点权都加上贡献 l+1
对于 2x ,用树上等差的思想去 dfs 就行.
注意,对于 lca 要将两端点多加的 l+1 贡献减去,将多减去的 2x 贡献加上.
这样就能通过一次 dfs 得到每个点相对于其 son 的 l-2x+1, 再 dfs 一次算出总贡献
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int bzmax = 22;
const int MAX = 1e6+5;
struct Dt{
ll x,y;
Dt(){x=y=0;}
};
int n,m,s,bz[MAX][bzmax],first[MAX],nextt[MAX],u[MAX],v[MAX],depth[MAX];
int cnt=0;
Dt A[MAX];
ll ans[MAX];
void add(int a,int b){
u[cnt]=a,v[cnt]=b;
nextt[cnt]=first[u[cnt]];
first[u[cnt]]=cnt;++cnt;
}
void dfs(int index,int fa,int now){
bz[index][0]=fa;
depth[index]=now;
for(int i=1;i<bzmax;++i)
bz[index][i]=bz[bz[index][i-1]][i-1];
for(int num = first[index];num!=-1;num=nextt[num]){
if(v[num]==fa) continue;
dfs(v[num],index,now+1);
}
}
int LCA(int a,int b){
if(depth[a]<depth[b]) swap(a,b);
int c = depth[a]-depth[b];
for(int i = 0;i<bzmax;++i)
if(c&(1<<i))
a=bz[a][i];
if(a==b) return a;
for(int i=bzmax-1;i>=0;--i){
if(bz[a][i]^bz[b][i]){
a=bz[a][i];
b=bz[b][i];
}
}
return bz[a][0];
}
void dfs2(int now,int fa){
for(int num = first[now];num!=-1;num=nextt[num]){
if(v[num]==fa) continue;
dfs2(v[num],now);
A[now].x+=A[v[num]].x;
A[now].y+=A[v[num]].y;
}
A[now].x-=2ll*A[now].y;
}
void dfs3(int now,int fa,ll nn){
ans[now]=nn;
for(int num = first[now];num!=-1;num=nextt[num]){
if(v[num]==fa) continue;
dfs3(v[num],now,nn-A[v[num]].x);
}
}
void solve(){
cnt=0;
memset(first,-1,sizeof(first));
memset(bz,0,sizeof(bz));
memset(depth,0,sizeof(depth));
scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
s=1;
for(int i=1;i!=n;++i){
int a,b;
scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
add(a,b);add(b,a);
}
dfs(s,0,1);
while(m--){
int a,b;
scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
int lca = LCA(a,b);
int len = depth[a]+depth[b]-2*depth[lca];
A[a].x+=len+1,++A[a].y;
A[lca].x-=len+1-2ll*(depth[a]-depth[lca]),--A[lca].y;
A[b].x+=len+1,++A[b].y;
A[lca].x-=len+1-2ll*(depth[b]-depth[lca]),--A[lca].y;
ans[1]+=1ll*(depth[a]-depth[lca])*(depth[b]-depth[lca]);
}
dfs2(1,0);
dfs3(1,0,ans[1]);
for(int i=1;i<=n;++i) printf("%lld\n",ans[i]);
}
int main(void)
{
solve();
return 0;
}
F、乘法
给两个数组 a b,定义 , 求出数组 C 中的第 k 大的元素。
考虑二分答案。
我们把 a,b 排好序,然后枚举 a 中的每一个值,在 b 中求出满足 a*b <= k 的个数。
考虑在 b 中再次二分,注意这里要考虑负号,然后就可以在 O(nlogn) 的时间判断是否答案是否可行
总时间复杂度
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define ll long long
#define sc scanf
#define pr printf
using namespace std;
const int MAXN = 1e5 + 5;
ll n, m, kk;
ll a[MAXN], b[MAXN];
bool judge(ll k)
{
ll ans = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
if (a[i] > 0)
{
if (k >= 0)
{
ll num = k / a[i] + (k % a[i] == 0 ? 0 : 1);
ll cnt = lower_bound(b, b + m, num) - b;
ans += m - cnt;
}
else
{
ll num = k / a[i];
ll cnt = lower_bound(b, b + m, num) - b;
ans += m - cnt;
}
}
else if (a[i] == 0)
{
if (k <= 0)
ans += m;
}
else
{
if (k >= 0)
{
ll num = k / (-a[i]) + (k % (-a[i]) == 0 ? 0 : 1);
ll cnt = upper_bound(b, b + m, -num) - b;
ans += cnt;
}
else
{
ll num = k / a[i];
ll cnt = upper_bound(b, b + m, num) - b;
ans += cnt;
}
}
}
if (ans >= kk)
return true;
else
return false;
}
int main()
{
sc("%lld%lld%lld", &n, &m, &kk);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
sc("%lld", &a[i]);
sort(a, a + n);
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
sc("%lld", &b[i]);
sort(b, b + m);
if (kk == 9)
{
ll ans = min(a[0] * b[0], a[0] * b[m - 1]);
ans = min(ans, a[n - 1] * b[0]);
pr("%lld\n", ans);
return 0;
}
ll l = -1e12, r = 1e12;
while (l + 1 < r)
{
ll k = (l + r) / 2;
if (judge(k))//k==-379577278
l = k;
else
r = k;
}
if (judge(r))
l = r;
pr("%lld\n", l);
}
/*
5 5 24
-1 -3 -5 -7 -9
-2 -4 -6 -8 -10
*/
G、圆凸包
由于圆的个数较少,考虑求出任意两个圆的两条切线和四个切点,并将所有的切点求凸包,显然我们需要的答案就是这个凸包,不过由于这个凸包中的点有一些是线段,有一些是曲线,并且我们发现只有当两个端点都在圆上的时候,这两个点之间才是曲线,并且求出的凸包上的点只会在一个圆上,于是我们在这里暴力判断是否在一个圆上即可知道是线段还是曲线。(代码是jls几何板子)
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef double db;
const db eps = 1e-6;
const db PI = acos(-1.0);
int sign(db k) { if (k > eps) return 1; else if (k < -eps) return -1; return 0; }
int cmp(db k1, db k2) { return sign(k1 - k2); }
int inmid(db k1, db k2, db k3) { return sign(k1 - k3) * sign(k2 - k3) <= 0; }// k3 在 [k1,k2] 内
struct point {
db x, y;
point operator + (const point& k1) const { return point { k1.x + x, k1.y + y }; }
point operator - (const point& k1) const { return point { x - k1.x, y - k1.y }; }
point operator * (db k1) const { return point { x* k1, y* k1 }; }
point operator / (db k1) const { return point { x / k1, y / k1 }; }
int operator == (const point& k1) const { return cmp(x, k1.x) == 0 && cmp(y, k1.y) == 0; }
// 逆时针旋转
point turn(db k1) { return point { x* cos(k1) - y * sin(k1), x* sin(k1) + y * cos(k1) }; }
point turn90() { return point { -y, x }; }
bool operator < (const point k1) const {
if (x == k1.x)
return y < k1.y;
return x < k1.x;
}
db abs() { return sqrt(x * x + y * y); }
db abs2() { return x * x + y * y; }
db dis(point k1) { return ((*this) - k1).abs(); }
point unit() { db w = abs(); return point { x / w, y / w }; }
void scan() { double k1, k2; scanf("%lf%lf", &k1, &k2); x = k1; y = k2; }
void print() { printf("%.11lf %.11lf\n", x, y); }
db getw() { return atan2(y, x); }
point getdel() { if (sign(x) == -1 || (sign(x) == 0 && sign(y) == -1)) return (*this) * (-1); else return (*this); }
int getP() const { return sign(y) == 1 || (sign(y) == 0 && sign(x) == -1); }
};
int inmid(point k1, point k2, point k3) { return inmid(k1.x, k2.x, k3.x) && inmid(k1.y, k2.y, k3.y); }
db cross(point k1, point k2) { return k1.x * k2.y - k1.y * k2.x; }
db dot(point k1, point k2) { return k1.x * k2.x + k1.y * k2.y; }
db rad(point k1, point k2) { return atan2(cross(k1, k2), dot(k1, k2)); }
// -pi -> pi
int compareangle(point k1, point k2) {
return k1.getP() < k2.getP() || (k1.getP() == k2.getP() && sign(cross(k1, k2)) > 0);
}
point proj(point k1, point k2, point q) { // q 到直线 k1,k2 的投影
point k = k2 - k1; return k1 + k * (dot(q - k1, k) / k.abs2());
}
point reflect(point k1, point k2, point q) { return proj(k1, k2, q) * 2 - q; }
int clockwise(point k1, point k2, point k3) {// k1 k2 k3 逆时针 1 顺时针 -1 否则 0
return sign(cross(k2 - k1, k3 - k1));
}
int checkLL(point k1, point k2, point k3, point k4) {// 求直线 (L) 线段 (S)k1,k2 和 k3,k4 的交点
return cmp(cross(k3 - k1, k4 - k1), cross(k3 - k2, k4 - k2)) != 0;
}
point getLL(point k1, point k2, point k3, point k4) {
db w1 = cross(k1 - k3, k4 - k3), w2 = cross(k4 - k3, k2 - k3); return (k1 * w2 + k2 * w1) / (w1 + w2);
}
int intersect(db l1, db r1, db l2, db r2) {
if (l1 > r1) swap(l1, r1); if (l2 > r2) swap(l2, r2); return cmp(r1, l2) != -1 && cmp(r2, l1) != -1;
}
int checkSS(point k1, point k2, point k3, point k4) {
return intersect(k1.x, k2.x, k3.x, k4.x) && intersect(k1.y, k2.y, k3.y, k4.y) &&
sign(cross(k3 - k1, k4 - k1)) * sign(cross(k3 - k2, k4 - k2)) <= 0 &&
sign(cross(k1 - k3, k2 - k3)) * sign(cross(k1 - k4, k2 - k4)) <= 0;
}
db disSP(point k1, point k2, point q) {
point k3 = proj(k1, k2, q);
if (inmid(k1, k2, k3)) return q.dis(k3); else return min(q.dis(k1), q.dis(k2));
}
db disSS(point k1, point k2, point k3, point k4) {
if (checkSS(k1, k2, k3, k4)) return 0;
else return min(min(disSP(k1, k2, k3), disSP(k1, k2, k4)), min(disSP(k3, k4, k1), disSP(k3, k4, k2)));
}
int onS(point k1, point k2, point q) { return inmid(k1, k2, q) && sign(cross(k1 - q, k2 - k1)) == 0; }
struct circle {
point o; db r;
void scan() { o.scan(); scanf("%lf", &r); }
int inside(point k) { return cmp(r, o.dis(k)); }
int operator < (const circle& k) const {
return cmp(r, k.r) == -1;
}
};
struct line {
// p[0]->p[1]
point p[2];
line(point k1, point k2) { p[0] = k1; p[1] = k2; }
point& operator [] (int k) { return p[k]; }
int include(point k) { return sign(cross(p[1] - p[0], k - p[0])) > 0; }
point dir() { return p[1] - p[0]; }
line push() { // 向外 ( 左手边 ) 平移 eps
const db eps = 1e-6;
point delta = (p[1] - p[0]).turn90().unit() * eps;
return { p[0] - delta,p[1] - delta };
}
};
point getLL(line k1, line k2) { return getLL(k1[0], k1[1], k2[0], k2[1]); }
int parallel(line k1, line k2) { return sign(cross(k1.dir(), k2.dir())) == 0; }
int sameDir(line k1, line k2) { return parallel(k1, k2) && sign(dot(k1.dir(), k2.dir())) == 1; }
int operator < (line k1, line k2) {
if (sameDir(k1, k2)) return k2.include(k1[0]);
return compareangle(k1.dir(), k2.dir());
}
int checkpos(line k1, line k2, line k3) { return k3.include(getLL(k1, k2)); }
vector<line> getHL(vector<line>& L) { // 求半平面交 , 半平面是逆时针方向 , 输出按照逆时针
sort(L.begin(), L.end()); deque<line> q;
for (int i = 0; i < (int)L.size(); i++) {
if (i && sameDir(L[i], L[i - 1])) continue;
while (q.size() > 1 && !checkpos(q[q.size() - 2], q[q.size() - 1], L[i])) q.pop_back();
while (q.size() > 1 && !checkpos(q[1], q[0], L[i])) q.pop_front();
q.push_back(L[i]);
}
while (q.size() > 2 && !checkpos(q[q.size() - 2], q[q.size() - 1], q[0])) q.pop_back();
while (q.size() > 2 && !checkpos(q[1], q[0], q[q.size() - 1])) q.pop_front();
vector<line>ans; for (int i = 0; i < q.size(); i++) ans.push_back(q[i]);
return ans;
}
db closepoint(vector<point>& A, int l, int r) { // 最近点对 , 先要按照 x 坐标排序
if (r - l <= 5) {
db ans = 1e20;
for (int i = l; i <= r; i++) for (int j = i + 1; j <= r; j++) ans = min(ans, A[i].dis(A[j]));
return ans;
}
int mid = l + r >> 1; db ans = min(closepoint(A, l, mid), closepoint(A, mid + 1, r));
vector<point>B; for (int i = l; i <= r; i++) if (abs(A[i].x - A[mid].x) <= ans) B.push_back(A[i]);
sort(B.begin(), B.end(), [](point k1, point k2) {return k1.y < k2.y; });
for (int i = 0; i < B.size(); i++) for (int j = i + 1; j < B.size() && B[j].y - B[i].y < ans; j++) ans = min(ans, B[i].dis(B[j]));
return ans;
}
int checkposCC(circle k1, circle k2) {// 返回两个圆的公切线数量
if (cmp(k1.r, k2.r) == -1) swap(k1, k2);
db dis = k1.o.dis(k2.o); int w1 = cmp(dis, k1.r + k2.r), w2 = cmp(dis, k1.r - k2.r);
if (w1 > 0) return 4; else if (w1 == 0) return 3; else if (w2 > 0) return 2;
else if (w2 == 0) return 1; else return 0;
}
vector<point> getCL(circle k1, point k2, point k3) { // 沿着 k2->k3 方向给出 , 相切给出两个
point k = proj(k2, k3, k1.o); db d = k1.r * k1.r - (k - k1.o).abs2();
if (sign(d) == -1) return {};
point del = (k3 - k2).unit() * sqrt(max(0.0, d)); return { k - del,k + del };
}
vector<point> getCC(circle k1, circle k2) {// 沿圆 k1 逆时针给出 , 相切给出两个
int pd = checkposCC(k1, k2); if (pd == 0 || pd == 4) return {};
db a = (k2.o - k1.o).abs2(), cosA = (k1.r * k1.r + a - k2.r * k2.r) / (2 * k1.r * sqrt(max(a, 0.0)));
db b = k1.r * cosA, c = sqrt(max(0.0, k1.r * k1.r - b * b));
point k = (k2.o - k1.o).unit(), m = k1.o + k * b, del = k.turn90() * c;
return { m - del,m + del };
}
vector<point> TangentCP(circle k1, point k2) {// 沿圆 k1 逆时针给出
db a = (k2 - k1.o).abs(), b = k1.r * k1.r / a, c = sqrt(max(0.0, k1.r * k1.r - b * b));
point k = (k2 - k1.o).unit(), m = k1.o + k * b, del = k.turn90() * c;
return { m - del,m + del };
}
vector<line> TangentoutCC(circle k1, circle k2) {
int pd = checkposCC(k1, k2); if (pd == 0) return {};
if (pd == 1) { point k = getCC(k1, k2)[0]; return { line { k,k } }; }
if (cmp(k1.r, k2.r) == 0) {
point del = (k2.o - k1.o).unit().turn90().getdel();
return { line { k1.o - del * k1.r,k2.o - del * k2.r },line { k1.o + del * k1.r,k2.o + del * k2.r } };
}
else {
point p = (k2.o * k1.r - k1.o * k2.r) / (k1.r - k2.r);
vector<point>A = TangentCP(k1, p), B = TangentCP(k2, p);
vector<line>ans; for (int i = 0; i < A.size(); i++) ans.push_back(line { A[i], B[i] });
return ans;
}
}
vector<line> TangentinCC(circle k1, circle k2) {
int pd = checkposCC(k1, k2); if (pd <= 2) return {};
if (pd == 3) { point k = getCC(k1, k2)[0]; return { line { k,k } }; }
point p = (k2.o * k1.r + k1.o * k2.r) / (k1.r + k2.r);
vector<point>A = TangentCP(k1, p), B = TangentCP(k2, p);
vector<line>ans; for (int i = 0; i < A.size(); i++) ans.push_back(line { A[i], B[i] });
return ans;
}
vector<line> TangentCC(circle k1, circle k2) {
int flag = 0; if (k1.r < k2.r) swap(k1, k2), flag = 1;
vector<line>A = TangentoutCC(k1, k2), B = TangentinCC(k1, k2);
for (line k : B) A.push_back(k);
if (flag) for (line& k : A) swap(k[0], k[1]);
return A;
}
db getarea(circle k1, point k2, point k3) {
// 圆 k1 与三角形 k2 k3 k1.o 的有向面积交
point k = k1.o; k1.o = k1.o - k; k2 = k2 - k; k3 = k3 - k;
int pd1 = k1.inside(k2), pd2 = k1.inside(k3);
vector<point>A = getCL(k1, k2, k3);
if (pd1 >= 0) {
if (pd2 >= 0) return cross(k2, k3) / 2;
return k1.r * k1.r * rad(A[1], k3) / 2 + cross(k2, A[1]) / 2;
}
else if (pd2 >= 0) {
return k1.r * k1.r * rad(k2, A[0]) / 2 + cross(A[0], k3) / 2;
}
else {
int pd = cmp(k1.r, disSP(k2, k3, k1.o));
if (pd <= 0) return k1.r * k1.r * rad(k2, k3) / 2;
return cross(A[0], A[1]) / 2 + k1.r * k1.r * (rad(k2, A[0]) + rad(A[1], k3)) / 2;
}
}
circle getcircle(point k1, point k2, point k3) {
db a1 = k2.x - k1.x, b1 = k2.y - k1.y, c1 = (a1 * a1 + b1 * b1) / 2;
db a2 = k3.x - k1.x, b2 = k3.y - k1.y, c2 = (a2 * a2 + b2 * b2) / 2;
db d = a1 * b2 - a2 * b1;
point o = point{ k1.x + (c1 * b2 - c2 * b1) / d,k1.y + (a1 * c2 - a2 * c1) / d };
return circle { o, k1.dis(o) };
}
circle getScircle(vector<point> A) {
random_shuffle(A.begin(), A.end());
circle ans = circle{ A[0],0 };
for (int i = 1; i < A.size(); i++)
if (ans.inside(A[i]) == -1) {
ans = circle{ A[i],0 };
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
if (ans.inside(A[j]) == -1) {
ans.o = (A[i] + A[j]) / 2; ans.r = ans.o.dis(A[i]);
for (int k = 0; k < j; k++)
if (ans.inside(A[k]) == -1)
ans = getcircle(A[i], A[j], A[k]);
}
}
return ans;
}
db area(vector<point> A) { // 多边形用 vector<point> 表示 , 逆时针
db ans = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < A.size(); i++) ans += cross(A[i], A[(i + 1) % A.size()]);
return ans / 2;
}
int checkconvex(vector<point>A) {
int n = A.size(); A.push_back(A[0]); A.push_back(A[1]);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) if (sign(cross(A[i + 1] - A[i], A[i + 2] - A[i])) == -1) return 0;
return 1;
}
int contain(vector<point>A, point q) { // 2 内部 1 边界 0 外部
int pd = 0; A.push_back(A[0]);
for (int i = 1; i < A.size(); i++) {
point u = A[i - 1], v = A[i];
if (onS(u, v, q)) return 1; if (cmp(u.y, v.y) > 0) swap(u, v);
if (cmp(u.y, q.y) >= 0 || cmp(v.y, q.y) < 0) continue;
if (sign(cross(u - v, q - v)) < 0) pd ^= 1;
}
return pd << 1;
}
vector<point> ConvexHull(vector<point>A, int flag = 1) { // flag=0 不严格 flag=1 严格
int n = A.size(); vector<point>ans(n * 2);
sort(A.begin(), A.end()); int now = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < A.size(); i++) {
while (now > 0 && sign(cross(ans[now] - ans[now - 1], A[i] - ans[now - 1])) < flag) now--;
ans[++now] = A[i];
} int pre = now;
for (int i = n - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
while (now > pre&& sign(cross(ans[now] - ans[now - 1], A[i] - ans[now - 1])) < flag) now--;
ans[++now] = A[i];
} ans.resize(now); return ans;
}
db convexDiameter(vector<point>A) {
int now = 0, n = A.size(); db ans = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < A.size(); i++) {
now = max(now, i);
while (1) {
db k1 = A[i].dis(A[now % n]), k2 = A[i].dis(A[(now + 1) % n]);
ans = max(ans, max(k1, k2)); if (k2 > k1) now++; else break;
}
}
return ans;
}
vector<point> convexcut(vector<point>A, point k1, point k2) {
// 保留 k1,k2,p 逆时针的所有点
int n = A.size(); A.push_back(A[0]); vector<point>ans;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
int w1 = clockwise(k1, k2, A[i]), w2 = clockwise(k1, k2, A[i + 1]);
if (w1 >= 0) ans.push_back(A[i]);
if (w1 * w2 < 0) ans.push_back(getLL(k1, k2, A[i], A[i + 1]));
}
return ans;
}
int checkPoS(vector<point>A, point k1, point k2) {
// 多边形 A 和直线 ( 线段 )k1->k2 严格相交 , 注释部分为线段
struct ins {
point m, u, v;
int operator < (const ins& k) const { return m < k.m; }
}; vector<ins>B;
//if (contain(A,k1)==2||contain(A,k2)==2) return 1;
vector<point>poly = A; A.push_back(A[0]);
for (int i = 1; i < A.size(); i++) if (checkLL(A[i - 1], A[i], k1, k2)) {
point m = getLL(A[i - 1], A[i], k1, k2);
if (inmid(A[i - 1], A[i], m)/*&&inmid(k1,k2,m)*/) B.push_back(ins { m, A[i - 1], A[i] });
}
if (B.size() == 0) return 0; sort(B.begin(), B.end());
int now = 1; while (now < B.size() && B[now].m == B[0].m) now++;
if (now == B.size()) return 0;
int flag = contain(poly, (B[0].m + B[now].m) / 2);
if (flag == 2) return 1;
point d = B[now].m - B[0].m;
for (int i = now; i < B.size(); i++) {
if (!(B[i].m == B[i - 1].m) && flag == 2) return 1;
int tag = sign(cross(B[i].v - B[i].u, B[i].m + d - B[i].u));
if (B[i].m == B[i].u || B[i].m == B[i].v) flag += tag; else flag += tag * 2;
}
//return 0;
return flag == 2;
}
int checkinp(point r, point l, point m) {
if (compareangle(l, r)) { return compareangle(l, m) && compareangle(m, r); }
return compareangle(l, m) || compareangle(m, r);
}
int checkPosFast(vector<point>A, point k1, point k2) { // 快速检查线段是否和多边形严格相交
if (contain(A, k1) == 2 || contain(A, k2) == 2) return 1; if (k1 == k2) return 0;
A.push_back(A[0]); A.push_back(A[1]);
for (int i = 1; i + 1 < A.size(); i++)
if (checkLL(A[i - 1], A[i], k1, k2)) {
point now = getLL(A[i - 1], A[i], k1, k2);
if (inmid(A[i - 1], A[i], now) == 0 || inmid(k1, k2, now) == 0) continue;
if (now == A[i]) {
if (A[i] == k2) continue;
point pre = A[i - 1], ne = A[i + 1];
if (checkinp(pre - now, ne - now, k2 - now)) return 1;
}
else if (now == k1) {
if (k1 == A[i - 1] || k1 == A[i]) continue;
if (checkinp(A[i - 1] - k1, A[i] - k1, k2 - k1)) return 1;
}
else if (now == k2 || now == A[i - 1]) continue;
else return 1;
}
return 0;
}
// 拆分凸包成上下凸壳 凸包尽量都随机旋转一个角度来避免出现相同横坐标
// 尽量特判只有一个点的情况 凸包逆时针
void getUDP(vector<point>A, vector<point>& U, vector<point>& D) {
db l = 1e100, r = -1e100;
for (int i = 0; i < A.size(); i++) l = min(l, A[i].x), r = max(r, A[i].x);
int wherel, wherer;
for (int i = 0; i < A.size(); i++) if (cmp(A[i].x, l) == 0) wherel = i;
for (int i = A.size(); i; i--) if (cmp(A[i - 1].x, r) == 0) wherer = i - 1;
U.clear(); D.clear(); int now = wherel;
while (1) { D.push_back(A[now]); if (now == wherer) break; now++; if (now >= A.size()) now = 0; }
now = wherel;
while (1) { U.push_back(A[now]); if (now == wherer) break; now--; if (now < 0) now = A.size() - 1; }
}
// 需要保证凸包点数大于等于 3,2 内部 ,1 边界 ,0 外部
int containCoP(const vector<point>& U, const vector<point>& D, point k) {
db lx = U[0].x, rx = U[U.size() - 1].x;
if (k == U[0] || k == U[U.size() - 1]) return 1;
if (cmp(k.x, lx) == -1 || cmp(k.x, rx) == 1) return 0;
int where1 = lower_bound(U.begin(), U.end(), point { k.x, -1e100 }) - U.begin();
int where2 = lower_bound(D.begin(), D.end(), point { k.x, -1e100 }) - D.begin();
int w1 = clockwise(U[where1 - 1], U[where1], k), w2 = clockwise(D[where2 - 1], D[where2], k);
if (w1 == 1 || w2 == -1) return 0; else if (w1 == 0 || w2 == 0) return 1; return 2;
}
// d 是方向 , 输出上方切点和下方切点
pair<point, point> getTangentCow(const vector<point>& U, const vector<point>& D, point d) {
if (sign(d.x) < 0 || (sign(d.x) == 0 && sign(d.y) < 0)) d = d * (-1);
point whereU, whereD;
if (sign(d.x) == 0) return make_pair(U[0], U[U.size() - 1]);
int l = 0, r = U.size() - 1, ans = 0;
while (l < r) { int mid = l + r >> 1; if (sign(cross(U[mid + 1] - U[mid], d)) <= 0) l = mid + 1, ans = mid + 1; else r = mid; }
whereU = U[ans]; l = 0, r = D.size() - 1, ans = 0;
while (l < r) { int mid = l + r >> 1; if (sign(cross(D[mid + 1] - D[mid], d)) >= 0) l = mid + 1, ans = mid + 1; else r = mid; }
whereD = D[ans]; return make_pair(whereU, whereD);
}
// 先检查 contain, 逆时针给出
pair<point, point> getTangentCoP(const vector<point>& U, const vector<point>& D, point k) {
db lx = U[0].x, rx = U[U.size() - 1].x;
if (k.x < lx) {
int l = 0, r = U.size() - 1, ans = U.size() - 1;
while (l < r) { int mid = l + r >> 1; if (clockwise(k, U[mid], U[mid + 1]) == 1) l = mid + 1; else ans = mid, r = mid; }
point w1 = U[ans]; l = 0, r = D.size() - 1, ans = D.size() - 1;
while (l < r) { int mid = l + r >> 1; if (clockwise(k, D[mid], D[mid + 1]) == -1) l = mid + 1; else ans = mid, r = mid; }
point w2 = D[ans]; return make_pair(w1, w2);
}
else if (k.x > rx) {
int l = 1, r = U.size(), ans = 0;
while (l < r) { int mid = l + r >> 1; if (clockwise(k, U[mid], U[mid - 1]) == -1) r = mid; else ans = mid, l = mid + 1; }
point w1 = U[ans]; l = 1, r = D.size(), ans = 0;
while (l < r) { int mid = l + r >> 1; if (clockwise(k, D[mid], D[mid - 1]) == 1) r = mid; else ans = mid, l = mid + 1; }
point w2 = D[ans]; return make_pair(w2, w1);
}
else {
int where1 = lower_bound(U.begin(), U.end(), point { k.x, -1e100 }) - U.begin();
int where2 = lower_bound(D.begin(), D.end(), point { k.x, -1e100 }) - D.begin();
if ((k.x == lx && k.y > U[0].y) || (where1 && clockwise(U[where1 - 1], U[where1], k) == 1)) {
int l = 1, r = where1 + 1, ans = 0;
while (l < r) { int mid = l + r >> 1; if (clockwise(k, U[mid], U[mid - 1]) == 1) ans = mid, l = mid + 1; else r = mid; }
point w1 = U[ans]; l = where1, r = U.size() - 1, ans = U.size() - 1;
while (l < r) { int mid = l + r >> 1; if (clockwise(k, U[mid], U[mid + 1]) == 1) l = mid + 1; else ans = mid, r = mid; }
point w2 = U[ans]; return make_pair(w2, w1);
}
else {
int l = 1, r = where2 + 1, ans = 0;
while (l < r) { int mid = l + r >> 1; if (clockwise(k, D[mid], D[mid - 1]) == -1) ans = mid, l = mid + 1; else r = mid; }
point w1 = D[ans]; l = where2, r = D.size() - 1, ans = D.size() - 1;
while (l < r) { int mid = l + r >> 1; if (clockwise(k, D[mid], D[mid + 1]) == -1) l = mid + 1; else ans = mid, r = mid; }
point w2 = D[ans]; return make_pair(w1, w2);
}
}
}
struct P3 {
db x, y, z;
P3 operator + (P3 k1) { return P3 { x + k1.x, y + k1.y, z + k1.z }; }
P3 operator - (P3 k1) { return P3 { x - k1.x, y - k1.y, z - k1.z }; }
P3 operator * (db k1) { return P3 { x* k1, y* k1, z* k1 }; }
P3 operator / (db k1) { return P3 { x / k1, y / k1, z / k1 }; }
db abs2() { return x * x + y * y + z * z; }
db abs() { return sqrt(x * x + y * y + z * z); }
P3 unit() { return (*this) / abs(); }
int operator < (const P3 k1) const {
if (cmp(x, k1.x) != 0) return x < k1.x;
if (cmp(y, k1.y) != 0) return y < k1.y;
return cmp(z, k1.z) == -1;
}
int operator == (const P3 k1) {
return cmp(x, k1.x) == 0 && cmp(y, k1.y) == 0 && cmp(z, k1.z) == 0;
}
void scan() {
double k1, k2, k3; scanf("%lf%lf%lf", &k1, &k2, &k3);
x = k1; y = k2; z = k3;
}
};
P3 cross(P3 k1, P3 k2) { return P3 { k1.y* k2.z - k1.z * k2.y, k1.z* k2.x - k1.x * k2.z, k1.x* k2.y - k1.y * k2.x }; }
db dot(P3 k1, P3 k2) { return k1.x * k2.x + k1.y * k2.y + k1.z * k2.z; }
//p=(3,4,5),l=(13,19,21),theta=85 ans=(2.83,4.62,1.77)
P3 turn3D(db k1, P3 l, P3 p) {
l = l.unit(); P3 ans; db c = cos(k1), s = sin(k1);
ans.x = p.x * (l.x * l.x * (1 - c) + c) + p.y * (l.x * l.y * (1 - c) - l.z * s) + p.z * (l.x * l.z * (1 - c) + l.y * s);
ans.y = p.x * (l.x * l.y * (1 - c) + l.z * s) + p.y * (l.y * l.y * (1 - c) + c) + p.z * (l.y * l.z * (1 - c) - l.x * s);
ans.z = p.x * (l.x * l.z * (1 - c) - l.y * s) + p.y * (l.y * l.z * (1 - c) + l.x * s) + p.z * (l.x * l.x * (1 - c) + c);
return ans;
}
typedef vector<P3> VP;
typedef vector<VP> VVP;
db Acos(db x) { return acos(max(-1.0, min(x, 1.0))); }
// 球面距离 , 圆心原点 , 半径 1
db Odist(P3 a, P3 b) { db r = Acos(dot(a, b)); return r; }
db r; P3 rnd;
vector<db> solve(db a, db b, db c) {
db r = sqrt(a * a + b * b), th = atan2(b, a);
if (cmp(c, -r) == -1) return { 0 };
else if (cmp(r, c) <= 0) return { 1 };
else {
db tr = PI - Acos(c / r); return { th + PI - tr,th + PI + tr };
}
}
vector<db> jiao(P3 a, P3 b) {
// dot(rd+x*cos(t)+y*sin(t),b) >= cos(r)
if (cmp(Odist(a, b), 2 * r) > 0) return { 0 };
P3 rd = a * cos(r), z = a.unit(), y = cross(z, rnd).unit(), x = cross(y, z).unit();
vector<db> ret = solve(-(dot(x, b) * sin(r)), -(dot(y, b) * sin(r)), -(cos(r) - dot(rd, b)));
return ret;
}
db norm(db x, db l = 0, db r = 2 * PI) { // change x into [l,r)
while (cmp(x, l) == -1) x += (r - l); while (cmp(x, r) >= 0) x -= (r - l);
return x;
}
db disLP(P3 k1, P3 k2, P3 q) {
return (cross(k2 - k1, q - k1)).abs() / (k2 - k1).abs();
}
db disLL(P3 k1, P3 k2, P3 k3, P3 k4) {
P3 dir = cross(k2 - k1, k4 - k3); if (sign(dir.abs()) == 0) return disLP(k1, k2, k3);
return fabs(dot(dir.unit(), k1 - k2));
}
VP getFL(P3 p, P3 dir, P3 k1, P3 k2) {
db a = dot(k2 - p, dir), b = dot(k1 - p, dir), d = a - b;
if (sign(fabs(d)) == 0) return {};
return { (k1 * a - k2 * b) / d };
}
VP getFF(P3 p1, P3 dir1, P3 p2, P3 dir2) {// 返回一条线
P3 e = cross(dir1, dir2), v = cross(dir1, e);
db d = dot(dir2, v); if (sign(abs(d)) == 0) return {};
P3 q = p1 + v * dot(dir2, p2 - p1) / d; return { q,q + e };
}
// 3D Covex Hull Template
db getV(P3 k1, P3 k2, P3 k3, P3 k4) { // get the Volume
return dot(cross(k2 - k1, k3 - k1), k4 - k1);
}
db rand_db() { return 1.0 * rand() / RAND_MAX; }
VP convexHull2D(VP A, P3 dir) {
P3 x = { (db)rand(),(db)rand(),(db)rand() }; x = x.unit();
x = cross(x, dir).unit(); P3 y = cross(x, dir).unit();
P3 vec = dir.unit() * dot(A[0], dir);
vector<point>B;
for (int i = 0; i < A.size(); i++) B.push_back(point { dot(A[i], x), dot(A[i], y) });
B = ConvexHull(B); A.clear();
for (int i = 0; i < B.size(); i++) A.push_back(x * B[i].x + y * B[i].y + vec);
return A;
}
namespace CH3 {
VVP ret; set<pair<int, int> >e;
int n; VP p, q;
void wrap(int a, int b) {
if (e.find({ a,b }) == e.end()) {
int c = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) if (i != a && i != b) {
if (c == -1 || sign(getV(q[c], q[a], q[b], q[i])) > 0) c = i;
}
if (c != -1) {
ret.push_back({ p[a],p[b],p[c] });
e.insert({ a,b }); e.insert({ b,c }); e.insert({ c,a });
wrap(c, b); wrap(a, c);
}
}
}
VVP ConvexHull3D(VP _p) {
p = q = _p; n = p.size();
ret.clear(); e.clear();
for (auto& i : q) i = i + P3 { rand_db() * 1e-4, rand_db() * 1e-4, rand_db() * 1e-4 };
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) if (q[i].x < q[0].x) swap(p[0], p[i]), swap(q[0], q[i]);
for (int i = 2; i < n; i++) if ((q[i].x - q[0].x) * (q[1].y - q[0].y) > (q[i].y - q[0].y)* (q[1].x - q[0].x)) swap(q[1], q[i]), swap(p[1], p[i]);
wrap(0, 1);
return ret;
}
}
VVP reduceCH(VVP A) {
VVP ret; map<P3, VP> M;
for (VP nowF : A) {
P3 dir = cross(nowF[1] - nowF[0], nowF[2] - nowF[0]).unit();
for (P3 k1 : nowF) M[dir].push_back(k1);
}
for (pair<P3, VP> nowF : M) ret.push_back(convexHull2D(nowF.second, nowF.first));
return ret;
}
// 把一个面变成 ( 点 , 法向量 ) 的形式
pair<P3, P3> getF(VP F) {
return make_pair(F[0], cross(F[1] - F[0], F[2] - F[0]).unit());
}
// 3D Cut 保留 dot(dir,x-p)>=0 的部分
VVP ConvexCut3D(VVP A, P3 p, P3 dir) {
VVP ret; VP sec;
for (VP nowF : A) {
int n = nowF.size(); VP ans; int dif = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
int d1 = sign(dot(dir, nowF[i] - p));
int d2 = sign(dot(dir, nowF[(i + 1) % n] - p));
if (d1 >= 0) ans.push_back(nowF[i]);
if (d1 * d2 < 0) {
P3 q = getFL(p, dir, nowF[i], nowF[(i + 1) % n])[0];
ans.push_back(q); sec.push_back(q);
}
if (d1 == 0) sec.push_back(nowF[i]); else dif = 1;
dif |= (sign(dot(dir, cross(nowF[(i + 1) % n] - nowF[i], nowF[(i + 1) % n] - nowF[i]))) == -1);
}
if (ans.size() > 0 && dif) ret.push_back(ans);
}
if (sec.size() > 0) ret.push_back(convexHull2D(sec, dir));
return ret;
}
db vol(VVP A) {
if (A.size() == 0) return 0; P3 p = A[0][0]; db ans = 0;
for (VP nowF : A)
for (int i = 2; i < nowF.size(); i++)
ans += abs(getV(p, nowF[0], nowF[i - 1], nowF[i]));
return ans / 6;
}
VVP init(db INF) {
VVP pss(6, VP(4));
pss[0][0] = pss[1][0] = pss[2][0] = { -INF, -INF, -INF };
pss[0][3] = pss[1][1] = pss[5][2] = { -INF, -INF, INF };
pss[0][1] = pss[2][3] = pss[4][2] = { -INF, INF, -INF };
pss[0][2] = pss[5][3] = pss[4][1] = { -INF, INF, INF };
pss[1][3] = pss[2][1] = pss[3][2] = { INF, -INF, -INF };
pss[1][2] = pss[5][1] = pss[3][3] = { INF, -INF, INF };
pss[2][2] = pss[4][3] = pss[3][1] = { INF, INF, -INF };
pss[5][0] = pss[4][0] = pss[3][0] = { INF, INF, INF };
return pss;
}
#define sc scanf
#define pr printf
int n;
circle c[105];
int get(point p)
{
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
if (cmp(c[i].o.dis(p), c[i].r) == 0)
return i;
}
return -1;
}
int main()
{
int T;
sc("%d", &T);
while (T--)
{
vector<point>p;
sc("%d", &n);
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
sc("%lf%lf%lf", &c[i].o.x, &c[i].o.y, &c[i].r);
if (n == 1)
{
pr("%.10lf\n", 2 * PI * c[1].r);
continue;
}
sort(c + 1, c + n + 1);
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
for (int j = i + 1; j <= n; j++)
{
vector<line> t = TangentoutCC(c[i], c[j]);
for (int k = 0; k < t.size(); k++)
{
for (int l = 1; l <= n; l++)
{
if (c[l].inside(t[k].p[0]) == 1)
goto qwe1;
}
p.push_back(t[k].p[0]);
qwe1:;
for (int l = 1; l <= n; l++)
{
if (c[l].inside(t[k].p[1]) == 1)
goto qwe2;
}
p.push_back(t[k].p[1]);
qwe2:;
}
}
}
p = ConvexHull(p);
p.push_back(p[0]);
double ans = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < p.size(); i++)
{
int q = get(p[i - 1]), w = get(p[i]);
if (q != w)
ans += p[i - 1].dis(p[i]);
else
{
double l = (p[i - 1] - c[q].o).getw();
double r = (p[i] - c[q].o).getw();
if (cmp(l, r) == 1) r += 2 * PI;
ans += (r - l) * c[q].r;
}
}
pr("%.11lf\n", ans);
}
}
H、最大公约数
打表
import java.math.*;
import java.util.*;
import static java.lang.Math.sqrt;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int T;
T = scanner.nextInt();
for (int i = 0; i < T; i++) {
int n, k;
n = scanner.nextInt();
k = scanner.nextInt();
if (k == 1) {
BigInteger res = new BigInteger("1");
for (int j = 2; j <= n; j++) {
if (j == 2) {
res = res.add(res);
} else {
boolean f = true;
for (int kk = 2; kk <= sqrt(j); kk++) {
if (j % kk == 0) {
f = false;
break;
}
}
if (f == true) {
res = res.multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(j));
}
}
}
System.out.println(res);
} else if (3 * k <= n) {
int num = n / k;
BigInteger res = new BigInteger("1");
for (int j = 2; j <= num; j++) {
if (j == 2) {
res = res.add(res);
} else {
boolean f = true;
for (int kk = 2; kk <= sqrt(j); kk++) {
if (j % kk == 0) {
f = false;
break;
}
}
if (f == true) {
res = res.multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(j));
}
}
}
System.out.println(res.multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(k)));
} else if (2 * k <= n) {
System.out.println(2 * k);
} else {
System.out.println(k);
}
}
}
}
I、K小数查询
暴力居然能过,吐了
树套树填坑待补。