Java中Filter过滤器的使用详解

创建Filter

创建一个类然后实现Filter

注意：

      导入的包是javax.servlet.Filter下的包

      初始化init是再启动tomcat的时候进行初始化的

      doFilter中的chain.doFilter是放行的方法

建议把doFilter中的request和response转换为带协议的HttpServletRequset和HttpServletResponse

因为带协议的Http是不带协议的子类，里面的方法比父类更丰富，方便后面调用方法

下面是创建Filter的实例代码

package cn._02FilterChain;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
@WebFilter("/chain")
public class AFilter implements Filter{

	@Override
	public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
			throws IOException, ServletException {
        HttpServletRequest req=(HttpServletRequest) request;
		HttpServletResponse resp=(HttpServletResponse) response;
		System.out.println("A放行之前+++");
		chain.doFilter(req, resp);
		System.out.println("A放行之后---");
	}

	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

}

Filter再web.xml中的配置

配置方式有

1.再web.xml中进行配置

2.再类中加上@WebFilter("拦截路径");

filter链式的执行方式

       调用方式是按照配置的<filter-mapping>来调用的

下面是web.xml的实例代码

	<filter>
		<filter-name>chainA</filter-name>
		<filter-class>cn._02FilterChain.AFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>
	<filter>
		<filter-name>chainB</filter-name>
		<filter-class>cn._02FilterChain.BFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>
	<filter>
		<filter-name>chainC</filter-name>
		<filter-class>cn._02FilterChain.CFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>
	
	<!-- 执行顺序按照filter-mapping执行 -->
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>chainB</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/chain</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>chainA</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/chain</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>chainC</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/chain</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>