Linux:Centos 7yum源文件详解

CentOS 7上提供了一些yum源文件。如下:

CentOS-Base.repo
CentOS-CR.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
CentOS-fasttrack.repo
CentOS-Media.repo
CentOS-Sources.repo
CentOS-Vault.repo

不过只有CentOS-Base.repo是默认开启的，其余的都没用到。看一下这个yum源中有多少软件包。

[root@MiWiFi-R4A-srv ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.163.com
 * centosplus: mirrors.163.com
 * extras: mirrors.163.com
 * updates: mirrors.163.com
repo id                 repo name                      status
base/7/x86_64           CentOS-7 - Base                10,097
centosplus/7/x86_64     CentOS-7 - Plus                80
extras/7/x86_64         CentOS-7 - Extras              335
updates/7/x86_64        CentOS-7 - Updates             1,487
repolist: 11,999 
#可以看到共有11999个包，而且是来自国内163网易的镜像源。

接着我们打开CentOS-Base.repo内容如下：

[root@MiWiFi-R4A-srv ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
# CentOS-Base.repo
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
# 如果mirrorlist=对您不起作用，作为回退，您可以改为尝试注释掉的baseurl=行。
##如果你的yum源不能用，你就切换为baseurl作为源地址，把原来的mirrorlist行注释掉。
##这里面一共写了四个软件仓库。
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra

这个链接就等同于"http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=os&infra=$infra"

$releaseserver = 本机的系统版本

[root@MiWiFi-R4A-srv ~]# rpm -qi centos-release
Name        : centos-release
Version     : 7
Release     : 7.1908.0.el7.centos #系统版本
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Sat 14 Mar 2020 05:38:18 AM EDT
Group       : System Environment/Base
Size        : 42295
License     : GPLv2
Signature   : RSA/SHA256, Thu 05 Sep 2019 09:19:24 AM EDT, Key ID 24c6a8a7f4a80eb5
Source RPM  : centos-release-7-7.1908.0.el7.centos.src.rpm
Build Date  : Thu 05 Sep 2019 09:05:40 AM EDT
Build Host  : x86-01.bsys.centos.org
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager    : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org>
Vendor      : CentOS
Summary     : CentOS Linux release file
Description :
CentOS Linux release files

#$arch = 本机CPU架构

[root@MiWiFi-R4A-srv ~]# arch
x86_64

链接里面是一组yum源地址，系统会自动的选择最快的。

[root@MiWiFi-R4A-srv ~]# curl 'http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=os&infra=$infra'
http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/
http://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/
http://mirrors.cn99.com/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/
http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/
http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/
http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/
http://mirrors.cqu.edu.cn/CentOS/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/
http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/