Spring学习

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已于 2022-03-06 09:15:05 修改

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分类专栏： # Java Web学习文章标签： spring

于 2022-03-03 09:53:28 首次发布

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Spring 体系结构

在这里插入图片描述

核心容器（Core Container）

核心容器组成：

spring-core
spring-beans
spring-context
spring-expression（SpEL，Spring Expression Language）等模块组成，

数据访问/集成（Data Access/Integration）

数据访问/集成层组成：

JDBC
ORM
OXM
JMS
事务处理模块

注：
JDBC=Java Data Base Connectivity
ORM=Object RelationalMapping
OXM=Object XML Mapping
JMS=Java Message Service

JDBC 模块提供了 JDBC 抽象层，它消除了冗长的 JDBC 编码和对数据库供应商特定错误代码的解析。
ORM 模块提供了对流行的对象关系映射 API 的集成，包括 JPA、JDO 和 Hibernate 等。通过此模块可以让这些 ORM 框架和 spring的其它功能整合。
OXM 模块提供了对 OXM 实现的支持，比如 JAXB、Castor、XML Beans、JiBX、XStream 等。
JMS 模块包含生产（produce）和消费（consume）消息的功能。从 Spring 4.1 开始，集成了 spring-messaging 模块。
事务模块为实现特殊接口类及所有的 POJO 支持编程式和声明式事务管理。

注：
编程式事务需要自己写 beginTransaction()、commit()、rollback()等事务管理方法，
声明式事务是通过注解或配置由 spring 自动处理，编程式事务粒度更细

Web

Web 层组成：

Web
Web-MVC
Web-Socket
Web-Portlet

Test

Test 模块：Spring 支持 Junit 和 TestNG 测试框架，而且还额外提供了一些基于 Spring 的测试功能，比如在测试 Web 框架时，模拟 Http 请求的功能。

其他

还有其他一些重要的模块，像 AOP，Aspects，Instrumentation，Messaging模块，它们的细节如下：

AOP 模块提供了面向方面（切面）的编程实现，允许你定义方法拦截器和切入点对代码进行干净地解耦，从而使实现功能的代码彻底的解耦出来。使用源码级的元数据，可以用类似于.Net属性的方式合并行为信息到代码中。
Aspects 模块提供了与 AspectJ 的集成，这是一个功能强大且成熟的面向切面编程（AOP）框架。
Instrumentation 模块在一定的应用服务器中提供了类 instrumentation 的支持和类加载器的实现。
Messaging 模块为 STOMP 提供了支持作为在应用程序中 WebSocket 子协议的使用。它也支持一个注解编程模型，它是为了选路和处理来自 WebSocket 客户端的 STOMP 信息。

Spring中IoC容器和依赖注入一起使用才能实现框架功能。

Spring IoC容器

参考文章

IoC（Inversion of Control，控制反转）

Spring IoC容器是Spring的核心，一切Spring Bean都存储在Spring IoC容器内。
可以说Spring bean是Spring核心中的核心。
Spring Bean配置信息定义了Bean的实现及依赖关系，Spring IoC容器根据各种形式的Bean配置信息来创建Bean实例，并调用Bean实例的方法来完成“依赖注入”。
可以把Spring IoC容器理解成一个大型工厂，Spring Bean就是该工厂的产品，工厂(Spirng IoC容器)里能生产出来什么样的产品（Bean），完全取决于配置文件中的配置，而这个配置是由开发人员创建和维护的。

Spring Bean定义

Spring IoC 容器完全由实际编写的配置元数据的格式解耦。有下面三个重要的方法把配置元数据提供给 Spring 容器：

基于 XML 的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

   <!-- A simple bean definition -->
   <bean id="..." class="...">
       <!-- collaborators and configuration for this bean go here -->
   </bean>

   <!-- A bean definition with lazy init set on -->
   <bean id="..." class="..." lazy-init="true">
       <!-- collaborators and configuration for this bean go here -->
   </bean>

   <!-- A bean definition with initialization method -->
   <bean id="..." class="..." init-method="...">
       <!-- collaborators and configuration for this bean go here -->
   </bean>

   <!-- A bean definition with destruction method -->
   <bean id="..." class="..." destroy-method="...">
       <!-- collaborators and configuration for this bean go here -->
   </bean>

   <!-- more bean definitions go here -->

</beans>

在这里插入图片描述

基于注解的配置

Spring配置文件中开启注解扫描

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    //开启注解设置，可以使用@Autowired等依赖注入注解
	<context:annotation-config/>
	//开启扫描设置，可以使用@Component等bean注解，将类标识为bean
    <context:component-scan base-package="org.example"/>

</beans>

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基于 Java 的配置

@Configuration
public class AppConfig {

    @Bean
    public MyService myService() {
        return new MyServiceImpl();
    }
}

等价于

<beans>
    <bean id="myService" class="com.acme.services.MyServiceImpl"/>
</beans>

Spring Bean作用域

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Spring 依赖注入

DI（Dependency Injection，依赖注入）是实现控制反转的主要方式。

基于XML配置

Spring 基于构造函数的依赖注入

<beans>

   <bean id="exampleBean" class="examples.ExampleBean">
      <constructor-arg type="int" value="2001"/>
      <constructor-arg type="java.lang.String" value="Zara"/>
   </bean>

</beans>

<beans>

   <bean id="exampleBean" class="examples.ExampleBean">
      <constructor-arg index="0" value="2001"/>
      <constructor-arg index="1" value="Zara"/>
   </bean>

</beans>

Spring 基于设值函数的依赖注入

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

   <!-- Definition for textEditor bean -->
   <bean id="textEditor" class="com.tutorialspoint.TextEditor">
      <property name="spellChecker" ref="spellChecker"/>
   </bean>

   <!-- Definition for spellChecker bean -->
   <bean id="spellChecker" class="com.tutorialspoint.SpellChecker">
   </bean>

</beans>

如果你要把一个引用传递给一个对象，那么你需要使用标签的 ref 属性，而如果你要直接传递一个值，那么你应该使用 value 属性。

使用 p-namespace 实现 XML 配置

如果你有许多的设值函数方法，那么在 XML 配置文件中使用 p-namespace 是非常方便的。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

   <bean id="john-classic" class="com.example.Person">
      <property name="name" value="John Doe"/>
      <property name="spouse" ref="jane"/>
   </bean>

   <bean name="jane" class="com.example.Person">
      <property name="name" value="John Doe"/>
   </bean>

</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

   <bean id="john-classic" class="com.example.Person"
      p:name="John Doe"
      p:spouse-ref="jane"/>
   </bean>

   <bean name="jane" class="com.example.Person"
      p:name="John Doe"/>
   </bean>

</beans>

Spring 注入集合

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

   <!-- Definition for javaCollection -->
   <bean id="javaCollection" class="com.tutorialspoint.JavaCollection">

      <!-- results in a setAddressList(java.util.List) call -->
      <property name="addressList">
         <list>
            <value>INDIA</value>
            <value>Pakistan</value>
            <value>USA</value>
            <value>USA</value>
         </list>
      </property>

      <!-- results in a setAddressSet(java.util.Set) call -->
      <property name="addressSet">
         <set>
            <value>INDIA</value>
            <value>Pakistan</value>
            <value>USA</value>
            <value>USA</value>
        </set>
      </property>

      <!-- results in a setAddressMap(java.util.Map) call -->
      <property name="addressMap">
         <map>
            <entry key="1" value="INDIA"/>
            <entry key="2" value="Pakistan"/>
            <entry key="3" value="USA"/>
            <entry key="4" value="USA"/>
         </map>
      </property>

      <!-- results in a setAddressProp(java.util.Properties) call -->
      <property name="addressProp">
         <props>
            <prop key="one">INDIA</prop>
            <prop key="two">Pakistan</prop>
            <prop key="three">USA</prop>
            <prop key="four">USA</prop>
         </props>
      </property>
      
   </bean>

</beans>

基于注解配置

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设置spring使用注解

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config/>

</beans>

Spring Beans自动装配

Spring 容器可以在不使用<constructor-arg>和<property> 元素的情况下自动装配相互协作的 bean 之间的关系，这有助于减少编写一个大型基于 Spring 的应用程序的 XML 配置的数量。
在这里插入图片描述

XML配置

byName

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

   <!-- Definition for textEditor bean -->
   <bean id="textEditor" class="com.tutorialspoint.TextEditor">
       <property name="spellChecker" ref="spellChecker" />
       <property name="name" value="Generic Text Editor" />
   </bean>

   <!-- Definition for spellChecker bean -->
   <bean id="spellChecker" class="com.tutorialspoint.SpellChecker">
   </bean>

</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

   <!-- Definition for textEditor bean -->
   <bean id="textEditor" class="com.tutorialspoint.TextEditor" 
      autowire="byName">
      <property name="name" value="Generic Text Editor" />
   </bean>

   <!-- Definition for spellChecker bean -->
   <bean id="spellChecker" class="com.tutorialspoint.SpellChecker">
   </bean>

</beans>

byType

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

   <!-- Definition for textEditor bean -->
   <bean id="textEditor" class="com.tutorialspoint.TextEditor">
      <property name="spellChecker" ref="spellChecker" />
      <property name="name" value="Generic Text Editor" />
   </bean>

   <!-- Definition for spellChecker bean -->
   <bean id="spellChecker" class="com.tutorialspoint.SpellChecker">
   </bean>

</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

   <!-- Definition for textEditor bean -->
   <bean id="textEditor" class="com.tutorialspoint.TextEditor" 
      autowire="byType">
      <property name="name" value="Generic Text Editor" />
   </bean>

   <!-- Definition for spellChecker bean -->
   <bean id="SpellChecker" class="com.tutorialspoint.SpellChecker">
   </bean>

</beans>

注解配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config/>

</beans>

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Spring AOP

AOP（Aspect Oriented Programming，面向切面编程）

项目中AOP的用途有日志记录（例如某些方法在执行完希望记录日志）等等。

代理模式

静态代理（编译期代理），动态代理（运行时代理）

AOP实现方式

XML配置

Logging.java

package com.tutorialspoint;
public class Logging {
   /** 
    * This is the method which I would like to execute
    * before a selected method execution.
    */
   public void beforeAdvice(){
      System.out.println("Going to setup student profile.");
   }
   /** 
    * This is the method which I would like to execute
    * after a selected method execution.
    */
   public void afterAdvice(){
      System.out.println("Student profile has been setup.");
   }
   /** 
    * This is the method which I would like to execute
    * when any method returns.
    */
   public void afterReturningAdvice(Object retVal){
      System.out.println("Returning:" + retVal.toString() );
   }
   /**
    * This is the method which I would like to execute
    * if there is an exception raised.
    */
   public void AfterThrowingAdvice(IllegalArgumentException ex){
      System.out.println("There has been an exception: " + ex.toString());   
   }  
}

Student.java

package com.tutorialspoint;
public class Student {
   private Integer age;
   private String name;
   public void setAge(Integer age) {
      this.age = age;
   }
   public Integer getAge() {
      System.out.println("Age : " + age );
      return age;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }
   public String getName() {
      System.out.println("Name : " + name );
      return name;
   }  
   public void printThrowException(){
       System.out.println("Exception raised");
       throw new IllegalArgumentException();
   }
}

MainApp.java

package com.tutorialspoint;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MainApp {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      ApplicationContext context = 
             new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");
      Student student = (Student) context.getBean("student");
      student.getName();
      student.getAge();      
      student.printThrowException();
   }
}

Beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd ">

   <aop:config>
      <aop:aspect id="log" ref="logging">
         <aop:pointcut id="selectAll" 
         expression="execution(* com.tutorialspoint.*.*(..))"/>
         <aop:before pointcut-ref="selectAll" method="beforeAdvice"/>
         <aop:after pointcut-ref="selectAll" method="afterAdvice"/>
         <aop:after-returning pointcut-ref="selectAll" 
                              returning="retVal"
                              method="afterReturningAdvice"/>
         <aop:after-throwing pointcut-ref="selectAll" 
                             throwing="ex"
                             method="afterThrowingAdvice"/>
      </aop:aspect>
   </aop:config>

   <!-- Definition for student bean -->
   <bean id="student" class="com.tutorialspoint.Student">
      <property name="name"  value="Zara" />
      <property name="age"  value="11"/>      
   </bean>

   <!-- Definition for logging aspect -->
   <bean id="logging" class="com.tutorialspoint.Logging"/> 

</beans>

AspectJ expression语法

execution(* com.tutorialspoint.*.*(..))

execution(): 表达式主体
第一个*号：表示返回类型，*号表示所有的类型
包名：表示需要拦截的包名，com.tutorialspoint
第二个*号：表示类名，*号表示所有的类
*(..):最后这个星号表示方法名，*号表示所有的方法，后面括弧里面表示方法的参数，两个句点表示任何参数

注解配置

Logging.java

package com.tutorialspoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
@Aspect
public class Logging {
   /** Following is the definition for a pointcut to select
    *  all the methods available. So advice will be called
    *  for all the methods.
    */
   @Pointcut("execution(* com.tutorialspoint.*.*(..))")
   private void selectAll(){}
   /** 
    * This is the method which I would like to execute
    * before a selected method execution.
    */
   @Before("selectAll()")
   public void beforeAdvice(){
      System.out.println("Going to setup student profile.");
   }
   /** 
    * This is the method which I would like to execute
    * after a selected method execution.
    */
   @After("selectAll()")
   public void afterAdvice(){
      System.out.println("Student profile has been setup.");
   }
   /** 
    * This is the method which I would like to execute
    * when any method returns.
    */
   @AfterReturning(pointcut = "selectAll()", returning="retVal")
   public void afterReturningAdvice(Object retVal){
      System.out.println("Returning:" + retVal.toString() );
   }
   /**
    * This is the method which I would like to execute
    * if there is an exception raised by any method.
    */
   @AfterThrowing(pointcut = "selectAll()", throwing = "ex")
   public void AfterThrowingAdvice(IllegalArgumentException ex){
      System.out.println("There has been an exception: " + ex.toString());   
   }  
}

Student.java

package com.tutorialspoint;
public class Student {
   private Integer age;
   private String name;
   public void setAge(Integer age) {
      this.age = age;
   }
   public Integer getAge() {
      System.out.println("Age : " + age );
      return age;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }
   public String getName() {
      System.out.println("Name : " + name );
      return name;
   }
   public void printThrowException(){
      System.out.println("Exception raised");
      throw new IllegalArgumentException();
   }
}

MainApp.java

package com.tutorialspoint;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MainApp {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      ApplicationContext context = 
             new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");
      Student student = (Student) context.getBean("student");
      student.getName();
      student.getAge();     
      student.printThrowException();
   }
}

Beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd ">

    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>

   <!-- Definition for student bean -->
   <bean id="student" class="com.tutorialspoint.Student">
      <property name="name"  value="Zara" />
      <property name="age"  value="11"/>      
   </bean>

   <!-- Definition for logging aspect -->
   <bean id="logging" class="com.tutorialspoint.Logging"/> 

</beans>

Spring 事务管理

参考文章

编程式事务管理

这意味着你在编程的帮助下有管理事务。这给了你极大的灵活性，但却很难维护。

声明式事务管理

这意味着你从业务代码中分离事务管理。使用注解或 XML 配置来管理事务。

Spring JDBC框架

Student 表

CREATE TABLE Student(
   ID   INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
   NAME VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
   AGE  INT NOT NULL,
   PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);

StudentDAO.java

package com.tutorialspoint;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
public interface StudentDAO {
   /** 
    * This is the method to be used to initialize
    * database resources ie. connection.
    */
   public void setDataSource(DataSource ds);
   /** 
    * This is the method to be used to create
    * a record in the Student table.
    */
   public void create(String name, Integer age);
   /** 
    * This is the method to be used to list down
    * a record from the Student table corresponding
    * to a passed student id.
    */
   public Student getStudent(Integer id);
   /** 
    * This is the method to be used to list down
    * all the records from the Student table.
    */
   public List<Student> listStudents();
   /** 
    * This is the method to be used to delete
    * a record from the Student table corresponding
    * to a passed student id.
    */
   public void delete(Integer id);
   /** 
    * This is the method to be used to update
    * a record into the Student table.
    */
   public void update(Integer id, Integer age);
}

Student.java

package com.tutorialspoint;
public class Student {
   private Integer age;
   private String name;
   private Integer id;
   public void setAge(Integer age) {
      this.age = age;
   }
   public Integer getAge() {
      return age;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }
   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }
   public void setId(Integer id) {
      this.id = id;
   }
   public Integer getId() {
      return id;
   }
}

StudentMapper.java

package com.tutorialspoint;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
public class StudentMapper implements RowMapper<Student> {
   public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
      Student student = new Student();
      student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
      student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
      student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
      return student;
   }
}

StudentJDBCTemplate.java

package com.tutorialspoint;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO {
   private DataSource dataSource;
   private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateObject; 
   public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
      this.dataSource = dataSource;
      this.jdbcTemplateObject = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
   }
   public void create(String name, Integer age) {
      String SQL = "insert into Student (name, age) values (?, ?)";     
      jdbcTemplateObject.update( SQL, name, age);
      System.out.println("Created Record Name = " + name + " Age = " + age)；
   }
   public Student getStudent(Integer id) {
      String SQL = "select * from Student where id = ?";
      Student student = jdbcTemplateObject.queryForObject(SQL, new Object[]{id}, new StudentMapper());
      return student;
   }
   public List<Student> listStudents() {
      String SQL = "select * from Student";
      List <Student> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL, new StudentMapper());
      return students;
   }
   public void delete(Integer id){
      String SQL = "delete from Student where id = ?";
      jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL, id);
      System.out.println("Deleted Record with ID = " + id );
   }
   public void update(Integer id, Integer age){
      String SQL = "update Student set age = ? where id = ?";
      jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL, age, id);
      System.out.println("Updated Record with ID = " + id )；
   }
}

MainApp.java

package com.tutorialspoint;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.tutorialspoint.StudentJDBCTemplate;
public class MainApp {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      ApplicationContext context = 
             new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");
      StudentJDBCTemplate studentJDBCTemplate = 
      (StudentJDBCTemplate)context.getBean("studentJDBCTemplate");    
      System.out.println("------Records Creation--------" );
      studentJDBCTemplate.create("Zara", 11);
      studentJDBCTemplate.create("Nuha", 2);
      studentJDBCTemplate.create("Ayan", 15);
      System.out.println("------Listing Multiple Records--------" );
      List<Student> students = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudents();
      for (Student record : students) {
         System.out.print("ID : " + record.getId() );
         System.out.print(", Name : " + record.getName() );
         System.out.println(", Age : " + record.getAge());
      }
      System.out.println("----Updating Record with ID = 2 -----" );
      studentJDBCTemplate.update(2, 20);
      System.out.println("----Listing Record with ID = 2 -----" );
      Student student = studentJDBCTemplate.getStudent(2);
      System.out.print("ID : " + student.getId() );
      System.out.print(", Name : " + student.getName() );
      System.out.println(", Age : " + student.getAge());      
   }
}

Beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd ">

   <!-- Initialization for data source -->
   <bean id="dataSource" 
      class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
      <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
      <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/TEST"/>
      <property name="username" value="root"/>
      <property name="password" value="password"/>
   </bean>

   <!-- Definition for studentJDBCTemplate bean -->
   <bean id="studentJDBCTemplate" 
      class="com.tutorialspoint.StudentJDBCTemplate">
      <property name="dataSource"  ref="dataSource" />    
   </bean>

</beans>