短信微服务:
因为系统中不止注册一个地方需要短信发送,因此我们将短信发送抽取为微服务:ly-sms,凡是需要的地方都可以使用。
另外,因为短信发送API调用时长的不确定性,为了提高程序的响应速度,短信发送我们都将采用异步发送方式,即:
- 短信服务监听MQ消息,收到消息后发送短信。
- 其它服务要发送短信时,通过MQ通知短信微服务。
1. 搭建项目
1.1 引入依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>leyou</artifactId>
<groupId>com.leyou.parent</groupId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.leyou.service</groupId>
<artifactId>ly-sms</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.aliyun</groupId>
<artifactId>aliyun-java-sdk-core</artifactId>
<version>4.0.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.aliyun</groupId>
<artifactId>aliyun-java-sdk-dysmsapi</artifactId>
<version>1.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.leyou.common</groupId>
<artifactId>ly-common</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
1.2 配置
server:
port: 8086
spring:
application:
name: sms-service
rabbitmq:
host: 192.168.184.130
username: leyou
password: leyou
virtual-host: /leyou
redis:
#数据库索引
host: 192.168.184.130
port: 6379
1.3 启动类
@SpringBootApplication
public class LySmsApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(LySmsApplication.class);
}
}
2. 编写短信工具类
2.1 属性抽取
我们首先把一些常量抽取到application.yml中:
ly:
sms:
accessKeyId: LTAIxjqRJoeyf4kO # 自己的accessKeyId
accessKeySecret: vYGT3XzfuSKgq2klSzTTnOu87CDenr # 自己的AccessKeySecret
signName: 乐优商城 # 签名名称
verifyCodeTemplate: SMS_164575105 # 模板名称 sms参数均少一位,ID密码去阿里云官方申请
注:这的属性都是自己在阿里云短信模块功能上申请的。
然后注入到属性类中:
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "ly.sms")
@Data
public class SmsProperties {
String accessKeyId;
String accessKeySecret;
String signName;
String verifyCodeTemplate;
}
2.2 工具类
我们把阿里提供的demo进行简化和抽取,封装一个工具类:
@Slf4j
@Component
@EnableConfigurationProperties(SmsProperties.class)
public class SmsUtils {
@Autowired
private SmsProperties prop;
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate redisTemplate;
private final static String KEY_PREFIX = "sms:phone:";
private final static long SMS_MIN_INTERVAL_IN_MILLIS = 60000;
//产品名称:云通信短信API产品,开发者无需替换
static final String product = "Dysmsapi";
//产品域名,开发者无需替换
static final String domain = "dysmsapi.aliyuncs.com";
public SendSmsResponse sendSms(String phoneNumber, String signName, String templateCode, String templateParam){
String key = KEY_PREFIX + phoneNumber;
// 读取时间,对手机号码发送频率进行限流
String lastTime = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(lastTime)){
Long last = Long.valueOf(lastTime);
if(System.currentTimeMillis() - last < SMS_MIN_INTERVAL_IN_MILLIS){
log.info("[短信服务] 发送短信失败,原因:频率过高,被拦截! phoneNumber:{}", phoneNumber);
return null;
}
}
try {
//可自助调整超时时间
System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultConnectTimeout", "10000");
System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultReadTimeout", "10000");
//初始化acsClient,暂不支持region化
IClientProfile profile = DefaultProfile.getProfile("cn-hangzhou", prop.getAccessKeyId(), prop.getAccessKeySecret());
DefaultProfile.addEndpoint("cn-hangzhou", "cn-hangzhou", product, domain);
IAcsClient acsClient = new DefaultAcsClient(profile);
//组装请求对象-具体描述见控制台-文档部分内容
SendSmsRequest request = new SendSmsRequest();
request.setMethod(MethodType.POST);
//必填:待发送手机号
request.setPhoneNumbers(phoneNumber);
//必填:短信签名-可在短信控制台中找到
request.setSignName(signName);
//必填:短信模板-可在短信控制台中找到
request.setTemplateCode(templateCode);
//可选:模板中的变量替换JSON串,如模板内容为"亲爱的${name},您的验证码为${code}"时,此处的值为
request.setTemplateParam(templateParam);
//选填-上行短信扩展码(无特殊需求用户请忽略此字段)
//request.setSmsUpExtendCode("90997");
//可选:outId为提供给业务方扩展字段,最终在短信回执消息中将此值带回给调用者
request.setOutId("123456");
//hint 此处可能会抛出异常,注意catch
SendSmsResponse sendSmsResponse = acsClient.getAcsResponse(request);
if (!"OK".equals(sendSmsResponse.getCode())) {
log.info("[短信服务] 发送短信失败, phoneNumber:{}, 原因:{}", phoneNumber, sendSmsResponse.getMessage());
}
// 记录短信发送日志
log.info("[短信服务] 发送短信验证码,手机号:{}", phoneNumber);
// 发送短信成功后写入redis,并且指定生存时间为一分钟
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()), 1, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
return sendSmsResponse;
}catch (Exception e){
log.error("[短信服务] 发送短信异常, 手机号码:{}", key, e);
return null;
}
}
}
3. 编写消息监听器
接下来,编写消息监听器,当接收到消息后,我们发送短信。
package com.leyou.sms.mq;
import com.leyou.common.utils.JsonUtils;
import com.leyou.sms.config.SmsProperties;
import com.leyou.sms.utils.SmsUtils;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
import java.util.Map;
@Slf4j
@Component
@EnableConfigurationProperties(SmsProperties.class)
public class SmsListener {
@Autowired
private SmsUtils smsUtils;
@Autowired
private SmsProperties prop;
// 发送短信验证码
@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
value = @Queue(name = "sms.verify.code.queue", durable = "true"),
exchange = @Exchange(name = "ly.sms.exchange", type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
key = "sms.verify.code"
))
public void listenInsertOrUpdate(Map<String,String> msg) {
if(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(msg)){
return;
}
String phone = msg.remove("phone");//获取并删除元素
if(StringUtils.isBlank(phone)){
return;
}
smsUtils.sendSms(phone,prop.getSignName(),prop.getVerifyCodeTemplate(), JsonUtils.serialize(msg));
// 记录短信发送日志
log.info("[短信服务] 发送短信验证码,手机号:{}", phone);
}
}
我们注意到,消息体是一个Map,里面有两个属性:
- phone:电话号码
- code:短信验证码
4. 发送短信功能
4.1.接口说明
这里的业务逻辑是这样的:
- 1)我们接收页面发送来的手机号码
- 2)生成一个随机验证码
- 3)将验证码保存在服务端
- 4)发送短信,将验证码发送到用户手机
那么问题来了:验证码保存在哪里呢?
验证码有一定有效期,一般是5分钟,我们可以利用Redis的过期机制来保存。
4.2 Redis
将Redis相关知识重新写了一篇,地址:Redis
4.3 测试
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SmsTest {
@Autowired
private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
@Test
public void testSend() throws InterruptedException {
Map<String, String> msg = new HashMap<>();
msg.put("phone","186****7292");
msg.put("code","190727");
amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("ly.sms.exchange","sms.verify.code",msg);
Thread.sleep(10000L);
}
}
同时,在SmsUtils里发送短信成功后写入redis,并且指定生存时间 (上边附的SmsUtils代码就是完整版的)