请注意这里用的是mysql8.0.16
在两个完全一致的环境下
(1)初始化环境。
同步时间:
yum -y install ntp ntpdate
ntpdate cn.pool.ntp.org
hwclock --systohc
关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
环境规划:
主机:
在主库上:
修改主库配置文件:开启log-bin功能,并指定server_id为1.这里log-bin必须指定,
不然的话bin-log日志会根据主机名来命名,假如主库的主机名改变了,那主从复制就失效了。
添加
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server_id=27
log-bin=mysql-bin
log-bin-index=master-bin.index
重启服务:
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop mysql
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysql
创建一个用于让从数据库连接的用户
mysql> create user 'copy'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'Cloudbu@123';
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'copy'@'%';
刷新授权表信息
mysql> flush privileges;
获取主节点当前binary log文件名和位置(position)
mysql> show master status;
±-----------------±---------±-------------±-----------------±------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
±-----------------±---------±-------------±-----------------±------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 155 | | | |
±-----------------±---------±-------------±-----------------±------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
在从库上:
修改配置文件,必须指定中继日志的名称
[mysqld]
server_id=66
relay-log=relay-log
relay-log-index=relay-log.index
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop mysql
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysql
在从(Slave)节点上设置主节点参数
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='192.168.42.175',
MASTER_USER='copy',
MASTER_PASSWORD='Cloudbu@123',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',
MASTER_LOG_POS=825;
查看主从同步状态
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 192.168.42.175
Master_User: copy
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 155
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: No
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 155
Relay_Log_Space: 155
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 0
Master_UUID:
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State:
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
Master_public_key_path:
Get_master_public_key: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
开启主从同步
start slave;
再次查看主从同步状态
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 192.168.42.175
Master_User: copy
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 155
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 155
Relay_Log_Space: 155
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 13117
Last_IO_Error: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server UUIDs; these UUIDs must be different for replication to work.
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 27
Master_UUID:
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 190721 20:19:32
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
Master_public_key_path:
Get_master_public_key: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
排错:
mysql> show variables like 'server_id';
±--------------±------+
| Variable_name | Value |
±--------------±------+
| server_id | 66 |
±--------------±------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'server_id';
±--------------±------+
| Variable_name | Value |
±--------------±------+
| server_id | 27 |
±--------------±------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)
[root@localhost ~]# cat /opt/mysql-8.0.15-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/data/auto.cnf
[auto]
server-uuid=cf2e5d91-aac5-11e9-a898-000c292cbd4e
主从库UUID相同
处理方法:
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop mysql
[root@localhost ~]# mv /opt/mysql-8.0.15-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/data/auto.cnf auto.cnf.back
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysql
[root@localhost ~]# cat /opt/mysql-8.0.15-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/data/auto.cnf
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.42.175
Master_User: copy
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 155
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 322
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 155
Relay_Log_Space: 524
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 27
Master_UUID: cf2e5d91-aac5-11e9-a898-000c292cbd4e
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
Master_public_key_path:
Get_master_public_key: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
问题已解决
测试:
主库上:
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -ucopy -pCloudbu@123
mysql> create database bbs;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> create table bbs.t1(id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> insert into bbs.t1 values(1);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> select * from bbs.t1;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 1 |
+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
从库上
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| data_test1 |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| uplooking |
| xingyun |
+--------------------+
在两个数据不一致的环境下
(1)初始化环境。
同步时间:
yum -y install ntp ntpdate
ntpdate cn.pool.ntp.org
hwclock --systohc
关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
环境规划:
主机:
在主库上:
修改主库配置文件:开启log-bin功能,并指定server_id为1.这里log-bin必须指定,
不然的话bin-log日志会根据主机名来命名,假如主库的主机名改变了,那主从复制就失效了。
添加
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server_id=27
log-bin=mysql-bin
log-bin-index=master-bin.index
重启服务:
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop mysql
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysql
创建一个用于让从数据库连接的用户
mysql> create user 'copy'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'Cloudbu@123';
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'copy'@'%';
刷新授权表信息
mysql> flush privileges;
初始化备库(使其和主库数据一致): 逻辑备份,物理备份
主库:
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
mysqldump -uroot -pCloudbu@123 --routines --events --triggers --master-data=2 --flush-logs --all-databases > /backup/all_`date +%F`.sql
scp all_2019-07-21.sql 192.168.42.176:/root
从库:
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-8.0.15-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -pCloudbu@123 <all_2019-07-21.sql
修改配置文件,必须指定中继日志的名称
[mysqld]
server_id=66
relay-log=relay-log
relay-log-index=relay-log.index
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop mysql
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysql
在从(Slave)节点上设置主节点参数
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='192.168.42.175',
MASTER_USER='copy',
MASTER_PASSWORD='Cloudbu@123',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',
MASTER_LOG_POS=825;
查看主从同步状态
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 192.168.42.175
Master_User: copy
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 155
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: No
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 155
Relay_Log_Space: 155
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 0
Master_UUID:
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State:
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
Master_public_key_path:
Get_master_public_key: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
开启主从同步
start slave;
测试:
在主库上解表测试
mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> create database mmp;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| data_test1 |
| information_schema |
| mmb |
| mmp |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| uplooking |
| xingyun |
+--------------------+