JavaWeb-26-SpringMVC异常处理

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-04 10:15:18 发布

苍煜

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-04 10:15:18 发布

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分类专栏： spring 文章标签： exception spring

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41694906/article/details/108085738

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1：默认就是这个几个HandlerExceptionResolver

ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver

ResponseStatusExceptionResolver

DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver

2：ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver:对标注@ExceptionHandler的方法进行解析

1:在当前Controller中标注@ExceptionHandler

2：利用@ControllerAdvice和@ExceptionHandler标注公共处理异常的类

3：如何将异常对象从控制器携带给页面，做异常信息的获取

4：各个@ExceptionHandler的执行顺序

3：ResponseStatusExceptionResolver处理自定义异常类

1：原理：

2:实验代码

4：异常处理_DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver-Spring自己的异常：

5：SimpleMappingExceptionResolver：通过配置的方式进行异常处理

1：默认就是这个几个HandlerExceptionResolver

在页面渲染之前会提前处理异常

遍历异常，找到对应的那个；所有的异常解析器尝试解析，解析完成进行后续，解析失败下一个解析器

默认的异常：

ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver

ResponseStatusExceptionResolver

DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver

如果异常解析器都不能处理就直接抛出去；

遍历执行的顺序为：

2：ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver:对标注@ExceptionHandler的方法进行解析

1:在当前Controller中标注@ExceptionHandler

package com.wkl.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

/**
 * Description:
 * Date:       2020/8/18 - 下午 7:54
 * author:     wangkanglu
 * version:    V1.0
 */
@Controller
public class ExceptionController {

    @RequestMapping("/handle01")
    public String handle01(@RequestParam("i")Integer i){

        System.out.println("handle01----");
        int y = 10/i;
        return "success";
    }


    @ExceptionHandler(value = {ArithmeticException.class,NullPointerException.class})
    public String handleException01(){
        System.out.println("error....");
        return "error";
    }

    @ExceptionHandler(value = {Exception.class})
    public String handleException02(){
        System.out.println("error2....");
        return "error";
    }
}

2：利用@ControllerAdvice和@ExceptionHandler标注公共处理异常的类

package com.wkl.exception;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

/**
 * Description:
 * Date:       2020/8/19 - 下午 12:16
 * author:     wangkanglu
 * version:    V1.0
 */
@ControllerAdvice
public class GenalException {

    /**
     * 给方法上接收Exception参数，用来接收发生的异常
     * @param ex
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = {ArithmeticException.class,NullPointerException.class})
    public ModelAndView handleException01(Exception ex){
        System.out.println("整体的error....");
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("error");
        modelAndView.addObject("exception",ex);
        System.out.println("ex:"+ex);
        return modelAndView;
    }
}

3：如何将异常对象从控制器携带给页面，做异常信息的获取

/**
     * 给方法上接收Exception参数，用来接收发生的异常
     * @param ex
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = {ArithmeticException.class,NullPointerException.class})
    public ModelAndView handleException01(Exception ex){
        System.out.println("error....");
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("error");
        modelAndView.addObject("exception",ex);
        System.out.println("ex:"+ex);
        return modelAndView;
    }

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>错误</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>错误</h1>
    <h3>错误信息：${exception}</h3>
</body>
</html>

4：各个@ExceptionHandler的执行顺序

@ExceptionHandler 注解定义的方法优先级问题：例如发生的是NullPointerException，但是声明的异常有 RuntimeException 和 Exception，此候会根据异常的最近继承关系找到继承深度最浅的那个 @ExceptionHandler 注解方法，即标记了 RuntimeException 的方法
ExceptionHandlerMethodResolver 内部若找不到@ExceptionHandler 注解的话，会找 @ControllerAdvice 中的@ExceptionHandler 注解方法

3：ResponseStatusExceptionResolver处理自定义异常类

1：原理：

若在处理器方法中抛出了自定义异常：若ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver 不解析自定义异常。由于触发的异常 自定义异常 带有@ResponseStatus 注解。因此会被ResponseStatusExceptionResolver 解析到。

2:实验代码

自定义异常：

package com.wkl.exception;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;

/**
 * Description:
 * Date:       2020/8/19 - 下午 12:36
 * author:     wangkanglu
 * version:    V1.0
 */

@ResponseStatus(reason = "就是错了！",value = HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT)
public class MyException extends RuntimeException{
}

抛出异常的类：

@RequestMapping("/handle01")
    public String handle01(@RequestParam("i")Integer i){

        System.out.println("handle01----"+i);
        if(i==10){
            System.out.println("xxxxx");
            throw new MyException();
        }
        System.out.println("yyyyy");
        return "success";
    }

4：异常处理_DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver-Spring自己的异常：

NoSuchRequestHandlingMethodException、
HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException、
HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException、
HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException等。

try {
            if (ex instanceof NoSuchRequestHandlingMethodException) {
                return handleNoSuchRequestHandlingMethod((NoSuchRequestHandlingMethodException) ex, request, response,
                        handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException) {
                return handleHttpRequestMethodNotSupported((HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException) ex, request,
                        response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException) {
                return handleHttpMediaTypeNotSupported((HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException) ex, request, response,
                        handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException) {
                return handleHttpMediaTypeNotAcceptable((HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException) ex, request, response,
                        handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof MissingServletRequestParameterException) {
                return handleMissingServletRequestParameter((MissingServletRequestParameterException) ex, request,
                        response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof ServletRequestBindingException) {
                return handleServletRequestBindingException((ServletRequestBindingException) ex, request, response,
                        handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof ConversionNotSupportedException) {
                return handleConversionNotSupported((ConversionNotSupportedException) ex, request, response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof TypeMismatchException) {
                return handleTypeMismatch((TypeMismatchException) ex, request, response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof HttpMessageNotReadableException) {
                return handleHttpMessageNotReadable((HttpMessageNotReadableException) ex, request, response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof HttpMessageNotWritableException) {
                return handleHttpMessageNotWritable((HttpMessageNotWritableException) ex, request, response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof MethodArgumentNotValidException) {
                return handleMethodArgumentNotValidException((MethodArgumentNotValidException) ex, request, response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof MissingServletRequestPartException) {
                return handleMissingServletRequestPartException((MissingServletRequestPartException) ex, request, response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof BindException) {
                return handleBindException((BindException) ex, request, response, handler);
            }
            else if (ex instanceof NoHandlerFoundException) {
                return handleNoHandlerFoundException((NoHandlerFoundException) ex, request, response, handler);
            }
        }
        catch (Exception handlerException) {
            logger.warn("Handling of [" + ex.getClass().getName() + "] resulted in Exception", handlerException);
        }
        return null;
    }

5：SimpleMappingExceptionResolver：通过配置的方式进行异常处理

当上述异常配置都没生效的时候，可以通过我们配置的特定错误，映射的页面，直接来到页面

在dispatcher-servlet.xml中配置

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">

        

        <property name="exceptionMappings">

            <props>

                

                <prop key="java.lang.NullPointerException">myerror</prop>

            </props>

        </property>

        

        <property name="exceptionAttribute" value="ex"></property>

    </bean>