Spring Boot的声明式事务

      在实际使用中，使用Spring Boot默认的配置就能满足我们绝大多数需求。在本节的实战里，我们将演示如何使用@Transactional使用异常导致数据回滚和使用异常让数据不会滚。

      1.新建Spring Boot项目

新建Spring Boot项目，依赖为JPA，Web。由于本项目连接了SQL Server数据库，因此多一个依赖SQL Server。

pom.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.1.2.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.jxufe</groupId>
	<artifactId>demopro</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>demopro</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
			<artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

2.实体类

package com.jxufe.demopro.domain;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class Person {

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	private Long id;
	
	private String name;
	
	private Integer age;
	
	private String address;

	public Person() {
		super();
	}
	
	public Person(Long id, String name, Integer age, String address) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
		this.address = address;
	}

	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}

	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}
}

3.实体类Repository

package com.jxufe.demopro.dao;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

import com.jxufe.demopro.domain.Person;

public interface PersonRepository extends JpaRepository<Person, Long> {

}

4.业务服务Service

（1）服务接口：

package com.jxufe.demopro.service;

import com.jxufe.demopro.domain.Person;

public interface DemoService {

	public Person savePersonWithRollBack(Person person);
	public Person savePersonWithoutRollBack(Person person);
}

（2）服务实现：

package com.jxufe.demopro.service.impl;

import javax.transaction.Transactional;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.jxufe.demopro.dao.PersonRepository;
import com.jxufe.demopro.domain.Person;
import com.jxufe.demopro.service.DemoService;

@Service
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService{

	@Autowired
	private PersonRepository personRepository;
	
	@Transactional(rollbackOn = {IllegalArgumentException.class})
	@Override
	public Person savePersonWithRollBack(Person person) {
		
		Person p = personRepository.save(person);
		
		if(p.getName().equals("徐彤")) {
			throw new IllegalArgumentException("徐彤已经存在，数据将回滚！！");
		}
		
		return p;
	}

	@Transactional(dontRollbackOn = {IllegalArgumentException.class})
	@Override
	public Person savePersonWithoutRollBack(Person person) {
		
		Person p = personRepository.save(person);
		
		if(p.getName().equals("徐彤")) {
			throw new IllegalArgumentException("徐彤已经存在，但不会回滚！！");
		}
		
		return p;
	}
}

5.控制器

package com.jxufe.demopro.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.jxufe.demopro.domain.Person;
import com.jxufe.demopro.service.DemoService;

@RestController
public class MyController {

	@Autowired
	private DemoService demoService;
	
	@RequestMapping("/rollback")
	public Person rollback(Person person) {
		
		return demoService.savePersonWithRollBack(person);
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("/norollback")
	public Person noRollback(Person person) {
		
		return demoService.savePersonWithoutRollBack(person);
	}
	
}

6.application.properties

server.port=8443
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:sqlserver://127.0.0.1:1433; databaseName=Person
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=12345678

经过测试，上述代码可以成功运行。