CentOS7搭建pwgen创建随机密码

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最新推荐文章于 2024-02-26 16:40:35 发布

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分类专栏：大数据和云计算学习文章标签： CentOS7搭建pwgen创建随机密

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41709494/article/details/89067136

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[root@node3 ~]# which yum    #查看yum的存放地方
/usr/bin/yum
[root@node3 ~]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/yum      #查看rpm包
yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch
[root@node3 ~]# rpm -ql yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch     #查看rpm包的详细内容
/etc/logrotate.d/yum
/etc/yum
/etc/yum.conf        #yum的配置文件
/etc/yum.repos.d     #yum的软件包管理
/etc/yum/fssnap.d
/etc/yum/pluginconf.d
/etc/yum/protected.d
/etc/yum/vars
/etc/yum/version-groups.conf
/usr/bin/yum          #yum二进制文件,源码文件
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rpmUtils
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rpmUtils/__init__.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rpmUtils/__init__.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rpmUtils/arch.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rpmUtils/arch.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rpmUtils/miscutils.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rpmUtils/miscutils.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rpmUtils/oldUtils.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rpmUtils/oldUtils.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rpmUtils/transaction.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rpmUtils/transaction.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rpmUtils/updates.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rpmUtils/updates.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/Errors.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/Errors.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/__init__.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/__init__.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/callbacks.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/callbacks.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/comps.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/comps.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/config.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/config.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/constants.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/constants.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/depsolve.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/depsolve.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/drpm.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/drpm.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/failover.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/failover.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/fssnapshots.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/fssnapshots.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/history.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/history.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/i18n.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/i18n.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/igroups.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/igroups.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/logginglevels.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/logginglevels.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/mdparser.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/mdparser.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/metalink.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/metalink.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/misc.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/misc.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/packageSack.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/packageSack.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/packages.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/packages.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/parser.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/parser.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/pgpmsg.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/pgpmsg.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/pkgtag_db.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/pkgtag_db.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/plugins.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/plugins.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/repoMDObject.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/repoMDObject.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/repos.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/repos.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/rpmsack.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/rpmsack.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/rpmtrans.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/rpmtrans.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/sqlitesack.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/sqlitesack.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/sqlutils.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/sqlutils.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/transactioninfo.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/transactioninfo.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/update_md.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/update_md.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/updateinfo.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/updateinfo.pyc
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/yumRepo.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/yum/yumRepo.pyc
/usr/lib/yum-plugins
/usr/share/bash-completion
/usr/share/bash-completion/completions
/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/yum
/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/yummain.py
/usr/share/doc/yum-3.4.3
/usr/share/doc/yum-3.4.3/AUTHORS
/usr/share/doc/yum-3.4.3/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/yum-3.4.3/ChangeLog
/usr/share/doc/yum-3.4.3/INSTALL
/usr/share/doc/yum-3.4.3/PLUGINS
/usr/share/doc/yum-3.4.3/README
/usr/share/doc/yum-3.4.3/TODO
/usr/share/doc/yum-3.4.3/comps.rng
/usr/share/locale/bg/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/bn_IN/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/ca/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/cs/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/da/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/el/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/en_GB/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/es/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/eu/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/fi/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/gu/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/hi/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/hu/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/id/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/id_ID/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/it/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/lt_LT/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/mr/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/ms/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/nb/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/nl/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/nl_NL/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/pa/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/pl/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/pt/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/pt_PT/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/ru/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/sk/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/sr/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/sr@latin/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/sv/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/tr/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/uk/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/ur/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/yum.mo
/usr/share/man/man5/yum.conf.5        #man 5 yum.conf配置文件的帮助文档
/usr/share/man/man8/yum-shell.8       
/usr/share/man/man8/yum.8             #man  8  yum的帮助文档
/usr/share/yum-cli
/usr/share/yum-cli/callback.py
/usr/share/yum-cli/callback.pyc
/usr/share/yum-cli/cli.py
/usr/share/yum-cli/cli.pyc
/usr/share/yum-cli/completion-helper.py
/usr/share/yum-cli/output.py
/usr/share/yum-cli/output.pyc
/usr/share/yum-cli/shell.py
/usr/share/yum-cli/shell.pyc
/usr/share/yum-cli/utils.py
/usr/share/yum-cli/utils.pyc
/usr/share/yum-cli/yumcommands.py
/usr/share/yum-cli/yumcommands.pyc
/usr/share/yum-cli/yummain.py
/usr/share/yum-cli/yummain.pyc
/usr/share/yum-plugins
/var/cache/yum
/var/lib/yum
/var/lib/yum/history
/var/lib/yum/plugins
/var/lib/yum/uuid
/var/lib/yum/yumdb

[root@node3 ~]# man 5 yum.conf    #查看yum的配置帮助文档
...    #省略了一些不是特别重要
 cachedir  Directory  where yum should store its cache and db files. The default
              is `/var/cache/yum'.    
#yum应该存储缓存和db文件的目录。默认的
是/var/cache/yum

              persistdir Directory where yum should store  information  that  should  persist
              over multiple runs. The default is `/var/lib/yum'. 
#persistdir目录，yum应该在其中存储应该多次运行的信息。默认的是/var/lib/yum

              keepcache  Either  `1' or `0'. Determines whether or not yum keeps the cache of
              headers and packages after  successful  installation.   Default  is  '1'  (keep
              files) #不是1就是0。确定yum在成功安装后是否保留标题和包。默认的是1

              reposdir  A  list  of  directories  where yum should look for .repo files which
              define repositories to use. Default is `/etc/yum.repos.d'. Each  file  in  this
              directory  should  contain  one  or  more  repository sections as documented in
              [repository] options below. These will be merged with the repositories  defined
              in /etc/yum.conf to form the complete set of repositories that yum will use. 
#yum应该在其中查找.repo文件的目录列表定义了要使用的存储库。
默认的是/etc/yum.repos.d。
目录中的每个文件应该包含一个或多个存储库部分，如下面的[repository]选项所示。
这些将与/etc/yum.conf中的存储库合并，形成yum将使用的完整存储库集。

              debuglevel Debug message output level. Practical range is 0-10. Default is `2'.
#调试消息输出级别。实际范围为0-10。默认的是2

              errorlevel Error message output level. Practical range is 0-10. Default is `2'.
#错误消息输出级别。实际范围为0-10。默认的是2
              rpmverbosity Debug scriptlet output level. 'info' is the default, other options
              are: 'critical', 'emergency', 'error', 'warn' and 'debug'.
#调试scriptlet输出级别。'info'是默认的其他选项
分别是:“critical”、“emergency”、“error”、“warn”和“debug”。

              protected_packages This is a list of packages that yum should never  completely
              remove. They are protected via Obsoletes as well as user/plugin removals.
#这是一个yum不应该完全包含的包列表
删除。它们通过淘汰和删除用户/插件来保护。
...   #省略了一些不是特别重要

[root@node3 ~]# vi /etc/yum.conf   #修改yum.conf配置文件中的keepcache
[main]
cachedir=/var/cache/yum/$basearch/$releasever
#keepcache=0    #注释掉0的选项
keepcache=1      #改为默认，yum安装成功后的rpm包会缓存到/var/cache/yum
debuglevel=2
logfile=/var/log/yum.log
exactarch=1
obsoletes=1
gpgcheck=1
plugins=1
installonly_limit=5
bugtracker_url=http://bugs.centos.org/set_project.php?project_id=23&ref=http://bugs.centos.org/bug_report_page.php?category=yum
distroverpkg=centos-release
...

[root@node3 ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[bao]
name=bao
baseurl=file:///opt/bao     #本地的镜像包
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[epel]
name=epel
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/x86_64/     #阿里云的镜像rpm额外包的地址
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[root@node3 ~]# yum install pwgen -y   

[root@node3 ~]# ls -l /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/epel/packages/    #安装成功后，查看rpm有没有缓存到目录下，安装在没用网络的主机的节点上就可以拿rpm包直接安装
总用量 28
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 26677 7月  23 2018 pwgen-2.08-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@node3 ~]# pwgen --help
Options supported by pwgen:
  -c or --capitalize
	Include at least one capital letter in the password
#密码中至少包含一个大写字母
  -A or --no-capitalize
	Don't include capital letters in the password
#密码中不要包含大写字母
  -n or --numerals
	Include at least one number in the password
#密码中至少包含一个数字
  -0 or --no-numerals
	Don't include numbers in the password
#密码中不要包含数字
  -y or --symbols
	Include at least one special symbol in the password
#在密码中包含至少一个特殊符号
  -r <chars> or --remove-chars=<chars>
	Remove characters from the set of characters to generate passwords
#从字符集中删除字符以生成密码
  -s or --secure
	Generate completely random passwords
#生成完全随机的密码
  -B or --ambiguous
	Don't include ambiguous characters in the password
#密码中不要包含模棱两可的字符
  -h or --help
	Print a help message
#打印帮助信息
  -H or --sha1=path/to/file[#seed]
	Use sha1 hash of given file as a (not so) random generator
#使用给定文件的sha1散列作为(不是这样)随机生成器
  -C
	Print the generated passwords in columns
#在列中打印生成的密码
  -1
	Don't print the generated passwords in columns
#不要在列中打印生成的密码
  -v or --no-vowels
	Do not use any vowels so as to avoid accidental nasty words
#不要使用任何元音，以避免意外的脏话

[root@node3 ~]# pwgen -cnsyC1  11 5   #生成5个11位的密码，就可以给服务器定时更换密码
g3icSz:KrJ@
3oDrL<2nY>^
Ljb~Se#gU94
.j$5yRtq?a]
%E&10nb1\V\

[root@node3 ~]# pwgen -cnsyC1  11 5 >passwd.txt;cat passwd.txt  #把密码写到文件
q8t3In!wuAv
$d5VI;=:POq
,o^-qgW0_Go
*q+7F|J&&&k
<2aKjuABH{w

[root@node3 ~]# ls -l passwd.txt 
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 60 4月   7 14:05 passwd.txt

阿里镜像的地址：https://opsx.alibaba.com/mirror

pwgen的rpm包下载：https://download.csdn.net/download/qq_41709494/11094523

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CentOS7搭建pwgen创建随机密码

[root@node3 ~]# which yum #查看yum的存放地方/usr/bin/yum[root@node3 ~]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/yum #查看rpm包yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch[root@node3 ~]# rpm -ql yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch #查看...
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