python实现组合柱状图

导入包

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

准备数据

X = ('2011','2012','2013','2014','2015','2016','2017','2018')
per1 = [10,9,8,7,6,4,2,1]
per2 = [5,9,2,7,9,4,4,1]

设置字体支持中文

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimSun']

创建图形

fig,axis=plt.subplots()

定义条形图在横坐标上的分类位置

X_pos = np.arange(len(X))

定义图形的宽度

barwidth = 0.3

定义图形的透明度

opacity = 0.8

绘制第一个柱状图

bar1 = plt.bar(X_pos,per1,
               barwidth,
               alpha=opacity,
               color='b',
               label='per1')

绘制第二个柱状图

bar2 = plt.bar(X_pos+barwidth,
               per2,
               barwidth,
               alpha=opacity,
               color='r',
               label='per2')

给横坐标命名

plt.xlabel('年份')

给纵坐标命名

plt.ylabel('数量')

添加标题

plt.title('数量对比图')

横坐标转为年份

plt.xticks(X_pos+barwidth,X)

添加图例

plt.legend()

展示图形结果

plt.show()

附完整代码

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
X = ('2011','2012','2013','2014','2015','2016','2017','2018')
per1 = [10,9,8,7,6,4,2,1]
per2 = [5,9,2,7,9,4,4,1]
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimSun']
fig,axis=plt.subplots()
X_pos = np.arange(len(X))
barwidth = 0.3

opacity = 0.8

bar1 = plt.bar(X_pos,per1,
               barwidth,
               alpha=opacity,
               color='b',
               label='per1')

bar2 = plt.bar(X_pos+barwidth,
               per2,
               barwidth,
               alpha=opacity,
               color='r',
               label='per2')
plt.xlabel('年份')
plt.ylabel('数量')
plt.title('数量对比图')
plt.xticks(X_pos+barwidth,X)
plt.legend()
plt.show()