一、rsync接收端安装
1、查看rsync安装包
# rpm -qa rsync
2、安装rsync
# yum install rsync -y
3、添加rsync服务的用户,管理本地目录的
# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M rsync
# id rsync
4、生成rsyncd.conf配置文件
# cat /etc/rsyncd.conf
#rsync_config______________________start
#created by zhangcun 13:20 2018-04-08
##rsyncd.conf start##
uid = rsync
gid = rsync
use chroot = no
max connections = 200
timeout = 300
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
lock file = /var/run/rsyncd.lock
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
ignore errors
read only = false
list = false
hosts allow = 192.168.1.0/24
hosts deny = 0.0.0.0/32
auth users = rsync_backup
secrets file = /etc/rsync.password
[kaola]
path = /application/cang.mini/webapps/ROOT
#rsync_config______________________end
5、根据rsyncd.conf的auth users配置帐户,远程连接的,并根据secrets file 参数生成密码文件。
# echo "rsync_backup:hkrt" > /etc/rsync.password
# cat /etc/rsync.password
rsync_backup:hkrt
6、为密码文件配置权限
# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.password
# ls -l /etc/rsync.password
-rw------- 1 root root 20 Nov 15 23:35 /etc/rsync.password
7、创建共享目录并授权rsync服务管理
# mkdir /backup -p
# chown -R rsync.rsync /backup
8、启动rsync服务并检查
# rsync --daemon# ps -ef | grep rsync|grep -v grep# lsof -i:873
9、加入开机自启动
# echo "/usr/bin/rsync --daemon" >> /etc/rc.local
# tail -1 /etc/rc.local
二、rsync 发送端
1、查看rsync安装包
# rpm -qa rsync
rsync-3.0.6-12.el6.x86_64
2、安装rsync
系统默认都会安装rsync软件包的,如果查看发现没有安装,执行yum安装即可
# yum install rsync -y
3、添加rsync服务的用户,管理本地目录的
# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M rsync
# id rsync
4、生成连接服务器需要的密码文件
# echo "hkrt" > /etc/rsync.password
# cat /etc/rsync.password
hkrt
5、为密码文件配置权限
# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.password
# ls -1 /etc/rsync.password
-rw------- 1 root root 7 Nov 15 23:48 /etc/rsync.password
6、同步文件语法
基于rsync daemon同步语法:拉取: rsync [OPTION...] [USER@]HOST::SRC... [DEST] rsync [OPTION...] rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/SRC... [DEST]推送: rsync [OPTION...] SRC... [USER@]HOST::DEST rsync [OPTION...] SRC... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/DEST
7、测试手动推送是否正常
[root@nfs01 backup]# pwd/backup
[root@nfs01 backup]# lsa.txt c.txt e.txt g.txt i.txt k.txt m.txt o.txt q.txt s.txt u.txt w.txt y.txtb.txt d.txt f.txt h.txt j.txt l.txt n.txt p.txt r.txt t.txt v.txt x.txt z.txt
# rsync -avz /backup/ rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::backup/ --password-file=/etc/rsync.password # 执行手动推送
sending incremental file list./a.txtb.txtc.txtd.txte.txtf.txtg.txth.txti.txtj.txtk.txtl.txtm.txtn.txto.txtp.txtq.txtr.txts.txtt.txtu.txtv.txtw.txtx.txty.txtz.txtsent 1229 bytes received 505 bytes 3468.00 bytes/sectotal size is 0 speedup is 0.00
从结果看:应该是同推送成功了,我们到rsync daemon服务器来查看下,是不是已经同步完成了啊。
[root@backup backup]# pwd
/backup
[root@backup backup]# lsa.txt c.txt e.txt g.txt i.txt k.txt m.txt o.txt q.txt s.txt u.txt w.txt y.txtb.txt d.txt f.txt h.txt j.txt l.txt n.txt p.txt r.txt t.txt v.txt x.txt z.txt
我们看到rsync daemon 服务器/backup目录已经有文件同步过来了,说明我们已经配置成功了。接下来我们还会学习下,如何做到实例同步,我会 通过rsync+inotify、rsync+serync两种方案来实现数据实时同步!
三、rsync + inotify 实时同步方案(发送端)
本想新写一篇博文来介绍rsync + inotify实时同步方案了,但是要实现这个方案需要满足以下条件:
1、rsync daemon安装成功
2、rsync 客户端可以正常推送文件到rsync daemon端
3、安装配置inotify
前两个我们已经配置完成了,下面我们只需要在rsync 客户端安装inotify并配置即可实现实时同步。
1、安装inotify
# yum install inotify-tools –y
# inotifywa # 安装完成后会生成以下两个命令
inotifywait inotifywatch
2、执行inotifywait命令监测/data目录是否有变化
[root@nfs01 scripts]# /usr/bin/inotifywait -mrq --format '%w%f' -e close_write,delete /data/
3、在/data目录创建测试(hkrt.txt)文件,然后看看inotifywait命令是否监测到了变化
# pwd
/data
# touch hkrt.txt
[root@nfs01 scripts]# /usr/bin/inotifywait -mrq --format '%w%f' -e close_write,delete /data/
/data/hkrt.txt
4、创建监控脚本
我们可以看到,在/data目录下创建的hkrt.txt文件,已经被inotifywait命令监测到了。这样inotify就快搞定了,下面我们只需要写个监控脚 本就可以了,脚本内容就是监测到了变化,就执行rsync推送文件到备份服务器就好了,下面看下脚本是怎么写的吧!
# cat inotify.sh
#/bin/bash
Path=/data
Ip=172.16.1.41
/usr/bin/inotifywait -mrq --format '%w%f' -e close_write,delete $Path \
|while read file
do
cd $Path && \
rsync -az ./ --delete rsync_backup@$Ip::nfsbackup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password &
done
5、创建启动服务脚本并赋予执行权限
# cat /etc/init.d/syncd
#!/bin/bash
#chkconfig: 2345 38 46
. /etc/init.d/functions
if [ $# -ne 1 ];then
usage: $0 [start|stop]
exit
fi
case "$1" in
start)
/bin/bash /root/scripts/inotify.sh &
echo $$ > /var/run/inotify.pid
if [ `ps -ef|grep inotify|wc -l` -gt 2 ];then
action "inotify service is started" /bin/true
else
action "inotify service is started" /bin/false
fi
;;
stop)
kill -9 `cat /var/run/inotify.pid` > /dev/null 2>&1
pkill inotifywait
sleep 2
if [ `ps -ef|grep inotify|grep -v grep|wc -l` -eq 0 ];then
action "inotify service is stopped" /bin/true
else
action "inotify service is stopped" /bin/false
fi
;;
*)
usage: $0 [start|stop]
exit 1
esac
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/syncd
6、添加syncd服务并设置开机自启动
chkconfig --add syncd
chkconfig syncd on
7、启动/停止inotifywait服务
# /etc/init.d/syncd startinotify service is started [ OK ]
[root@nfs01 scripts]# /etc/init.d/syncd stop
inotify service is stopped [ OK ]
8、接下来我们就可以验证实时同步了
[root@nfs01 data]# pwd
/data
[root@nfs01 data]# touch stu{01..10}
[root@nfs01 data]# lsstu01 stu02 stu03 stu04 stu05 stu06 stu07 stu08 stu09 stu10
我们到备份服务器看看有没有实时同步过去
[root@backup nfsbackup]# pwd/nfsbackup[root@backup nfsbackup]# lsstu01 stu02 stu03 stu04 stu05 stu06 stu07 stu08 stu09 stu10
可以看到,新创建的文件已经被实时同步到备份服备器了,rsync + inotify 实时同步也就部署完成了,可能过程中有些内容写的不是很详细,只是个安装过程,大家需要了解更多的内容,可以参考官方技术文档或查看其它资料。好了,就介绍到这吧。希望大家有所收获。
四、rsync + sersync 实现实时同步
实现rsync+sersync实时同步我们继续使用这个环境,所在先要停掉inotify服务。
[root@nfs01 data]# /etc/init.d/syncd stop
inotify service is stopped [ OK ]
[root@nfs01 local]# chkconfig --list syncdsyncd
0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
如果是新环境,我们就可以直接安装sersync了!
1、安装sersync,下载后直接使用就可以了,不需要安装,我们先看下目录结构吧,这目录结构是修改过的,如果从官方下载可以会不一样,不过也没有太的区别了,只不过有用的就是这两个文件而已。
# tree sersync/
sersync/
├── bin
│ └── sersync2 # 启动命令
├── conf
│ └── confxml.xml # 配置文件 (我们主要关注的就是这个文件了)
└── logs
2、我们看下配置文件的内容
# cat /usr/local/sersync/conf/confxml.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<head version="2.5">
<host hostip="localhost" port="8008"></host>
<debug start="false"/>
<fileSystem xfs="false"/>
<filter start="false">
<exclude expression="(.*)\.svn"></exclude>
<exclude expression="(.*)\.gz"></exclude>
<exclude expression="^info/*"></exclude>
<exclude expression="^static/*"></exclude>
</filter>
<inotify> # inotify段,指定监测事件
<delete start="true"/>
<createFolder start="true"/>
<createFile start="false"/>
<closeWrite start="true"/>
<moveFrom start="true"/>
<moveTo start="true"/>
<attrib start="false"/>
<modify start="false"/>
</inotify>
<sersync>
<localpath watch="/data"> # 需要同步的路径
<remote ip="172.16.1.41" name="nfsbackup"/> # 指定rsync daemon 备份服务器IP地址、模块名称
<!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>-->
<!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>-->
</localpath>
<rsync>
<commonParams params="-avz"/> # rsync 参数设置
<auth start="true" users="rsync_backup" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.password"/>
<userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 -->
<timeout start="false" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 -->
<ssh start="false"/>
</rsync>
<failLog path="/tmp/rsync_fail_log.sh" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once-->
<crontab start="false" schedule="600"><!--600mins-->
<crontabfilter start="false">
<exclude expression="*.php"></exclude>
<exclude expression="info/*"></exclude>
</crontabfilter>
</crontab>
<plugin start="false" name="command"/>
</sersync>
<plugin name="command">
<param prefix="/bin/sh" suffix="" ignoreError="true"/><!--prefix /opt/tongbu/mmm.sh suffix-->
<filter start="false">
<include expression="(.*)\.php"/>
<include expression="(.*)\.sh"/>
</filter>
</plugin>
<plugin name="socket">
<localpath watch="/opt/tongbu">
<deshost ip="192.168.138.20" port="8009"/>
</localpath>
</plugin>
<plugin name="refreshCDN">
<localpath watch="/data0/htdocs/cms.xoyo.com/site/">
<cdninfo domainname="ccms.chinacache.com" port="80" username="xxxx" passwd="xxxx"/>
<sendurl base="http://pic.xoyo.com/cms"/>
<regexurl regex="false" match="cms.xoyo.com/site([/a-zA-Z0-9]*).xoyo.com/images"/>
</localpath>
</plugin>
</head>
3、配置密码文件,我们这里使用的环境之前已经配置好了,这里就不在配置了,你应该也会明白吧。我们看下吧,记着修改权限哦!
[root@nfs01 local]# cat /etc/rsync.password
oldboy
[root@nfs01 local]# ll /etc/rsync.password
-rw------- 1 root root 7 Nov 15 23:48 /etc/rsync.password
4、启动sersync服务
[root@nfs01 local]# /usr/local/sersync/bin/sersync2 -r -d -o /usr/local/sersync/conf/confxml.xml
set the system param
execute:echo 50000000 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches
execute:echo 327679 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events
parse the command param
option: -r rsync all the local files to the remote servers before the sersync work
option: -d run as a daemon
option: -o config xml name: /usr/local/sersync/conf/confxml.xml
daemon thread num: 10
parse xml config file
host ip : localhost host port: 8008
daemon start,sersync run behind the console
use rsync password-file :
user is rsync_backup
passwordfile is /etc/rsync.password
config xml parse success
please set /etc/rsyncd.conf max connections=0 Manually
sersync working thread 12 = 1(primary thread) + 1(fail retry thread) + 10(daemon sub threads)
Max threads numbers is: 22 = 12(Thread pool nums) + 10(Sub threads)
please according your cpu ,use -n param to adjust the cpu rate
------------------------------------------
rsync the directory recursivly to the remote servers once
working please wait...
execute command: cd /data && rsync -avz -R --delete ./ rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::nfsbackup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password >/dev/null 2>&1
run the sersync:
watch path is: /data
[root@nfs01 local]# ps -ef | grep sersync
root 4130 1 0 14:45 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/sersync/bin/sersync2 -r -d -o /usr/local/sersync/conf/confxml.xml
root 4146 1949 1 14:45 pts/0 00:00:00 grep sersync
5、我们验证看看有没有实时同步吧
在sersync端/data目录下创建几个文件
[root@nfs01 local]# cd /data/
[root@nfs01 data]# ls
[root@nfs01 data]# touch stu{01..05}
[root@nfs01 data]# lsstu01 stu02 stu03 stu04 stu05
在rsync daemon端查看/nfsbackup目录有没有刚刚创建的文件
[root@backup nfsbackup]# pwd
/nfsbackup
[root@backup nfsbackup]# lsstu01 stu02 stu03 stu04 stu05
可以看到,文件已经同步过来了,说明没有问题了,也达到了实时同步的目的。好的,就介绍到这吧。介绍了两种实时同步的方案。