2021-03-29

关于io及其原理百度，这里直接上测试代码。

博主最常用的三种方式分别是：InputStreamReader、Scanner和LineIterator，下面看测试demo。

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        long start1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
        StringBuffer sb = null;
        try(InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(
                new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\lenovo\\Desktop\\新建文本文档.txt"), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);){
            sb = new StringBuffer();
            String lineText;
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(reader);
            while ((lineText = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null){
                sb.append(lineText).append("\n");
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            System.out.println("读取失败");
        }
        System.out.println("BufferedReader读取完成，耗时" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start1));
        // try(OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(
        //         new FileOutputStream("C:\\Users\\lenovo\\Desktop\\新建文本文档555.txt"), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);){
        //     BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(writer);
        //     out.write(String.valueOf(sb));
        //     out.flush();
        // }catch (Exception e){
        //     System.out.println("写入失败");
        // }

        long start2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
        Scanner sc;
        StringBuffer sb2 = new StringBuffer();
        try(FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\lenovo\\Desktop\\新建文本文档.txt");) {
            sc = new Scanner(inputStream, "UTF-8");
            while (sc.hasNextLine()) {
                sb2.append(sc.nextLine()).append("\n");
            }
            System.out.println("Scanner读取完成，耗时" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start2));
            if (sc.ioException() != null) {
                throw sc.ioException();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        long start3 = System.currentTimeMillis();
        LineIterator it = FileUtils.lineIterator(new File("C:\\Users\\lenovo\\Desktop\\新建文本文档.txt"), "UTF-8");
        StringBuffer sb3 = new StringBuffer();
        try {
            while (it.hasNext()) {
                sb3.append(it.nextLine()).append("\n");
            }
            System.out.println("LineIterator读取完成，耗时" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start3));
        } finally {
            LineIterator.closeQuietly(it);
        }
    }

测试结果：
测试文件大小为11.6M

BufferedReader读取完成，耗时136ms
Scanner读取完成，耗时2414ms
LineIterator读取完成，耗时118ms

正常工作建议使用BufferedReader或者LineIterator就可以满足，由于scanner是将读取内容放在内存中，所以读取较大的文件时不建议使用。