RabbitMQ java操作和 springboot整合rabbitMQ

Helloworld-基本消息模型

①创建maven工程 test-rabbitmq
加入RabbitMQ java client的依赖。

<dependencies>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.rabbitmq/amqp-client -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
        <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
        <!--和springboot2.0.5对应-->
        <version>5.4.1</version>
    </dependency>
    </dependencies>

public class ConnectionUtil {
    /**
     * 建立与RabbitMQ的连接
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static Connection getConnection() throws Exception {
        //定义连接工厂
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        //设置服务地址
        factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        //端口
        factory.setPort(5672);
        //设置账号信息,用户名、密码、vhost
        factory.setVirtualHost("/");
        factory.setUsername("guest");
        factory.setPassword("guest");
        // 通过工程获取连接
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        return connection;
    }
}

生产者


public class Producer01 {
    //队列名称
    private static final String QUEUE = "helloworld";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        Connection connection = null;
        Channel channel = null;
        try {
            //获取连接
            connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
            //创建与Exchange的通道,每个连接可以创建多个通道,每个通道代表一个会话任务
            channel = connection.createChannel();
            /**
             * 声明队列,如果Rabbit中没有此队列将自动创建
             * param1:队列名称
             * param2:是否持久化
             * param3:队列是否独占此连接
             * param4:队列不再使用时是否自动删除此队列
             * param5:队列参数
             */
            channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE, true, false, false, null);
            String message = "helloworld小明" + System.currentTimeMillis();
            /**
             * 消息发布方法
             * param1:Exchange的名称,如果没有指定,则使用Default Exchange
             * param2:routingKey,消息的路由Key,是用于Exchange(交换机)将消息转发到指定的消息队列
             * param3:消息包含的属性
             * param4:消息体
             */
            /**
             * 这里没有指定交换机,消息将发送给默认交换机,每个队列也会绑定那个默认的交换机,但是不能显
             示绑定或解除绑定
             * 默认的交换机,routingKey等于队列名称
             */
            channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE, null, message.getBytes());
            System.out.println("Send Message is:'" + message + "'");
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (channel != null) {
                channel.close();
            }
            if (connection != null) {
                connection.close();
            }
        }
    }
} 

消费者



public class Consumer01 {
    private static final String QUEUE = "helloworld";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        //声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE, true, false, false, null);
        //定义消费方法
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            /**
             * 消费者接收消息调用此方法
             * @param consumerTag 消费者的标签,在channel.basicConsume()去指定
             * @param envelope 消息包的内容,可从中获取消息id,消息routingkey,交换机,消息和重传标志
            (收到消息失败后是否需要重新发送)
             * @param properties
             * @param body
             */
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag,
                                       Envelope envelope,
                                       AMQP.BasicProperties properties,
                                       byte[] body)
                    throws IOException {
                //交换机
                String exchange = envelope.getExchange();
                //路由key
                String routingKey = envelope.getRoutingKey();
                //消息id
                long deliveryTag = envelope.getDeliveryTag();
                //消息内容
                String msg = new String(body, "utf8");
                System.out.println("receive message.." + msg);
            }
        };
        /**
         * 监听队列String queue, boolean autoAck,Consumer callback
         * 参数明细
         * 1、队列名称
         * 2、是否自动回复,设置为true为表示消息接收到自动向mq回复接收到了,mq接收到回复会删除消息,设置
         为false则需要手动回复
         * 3、消费消息的方法,消费者接收到消息后调用此方法
         */
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE, true, consumer);
    }
} 


Work queues

工作队列,又称任务队列。主要思想就是避免执行资源密集型任务时,必须等待它执行完成。相反我们稍后完成任务,我们将任务封装为消息并将其发送到队列。 在后台运行的工作进程将获取任务并最终执行作业。当你运行许多工人时,任务将在他们之间共享,但是一个消息只能被一个消费者获取。
在这里插入图片描述

订阅模型分类

在之前的模式中,我们创建了一个工作队列。 工作队列背后的假设是:每个任务只被传递给一个工作人员。 在这一部分,我们将做一些完全不同的事情 - 我们将会传递一个信息给多个消费者。 这种模式被称为“发布/订阅”。

交换机Exchange类型有以下几种:

     Fanout:广播,将消息交给所有绑定到交换机的队列 all

     Direct:定向,把消息交给符合指定routing key 的队列 一堆或一个

     Topic:通配符,把消息交给符合routing pattern(路由模式)的队列 一堆或者一个

Fanout:即广播模式

Exchange(交换机)只负责转发消息,不具备存储消息的能力,因此如果没有任何队列与Exchange绑定,或者没有符合路由规则的队列,那么消息会丢失!

生产者

public class Send {

    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "fanout_exchange_test";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        
        // 声明exchange,指定类型为fanout
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "fanout");
        
        // 消息内容
        String message = "Hello everyone";
        // 发布消息到Exchange

        channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "", null, message.getBytes());
        System.out.println(" [生产者] Sent '" + message + "'");

        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

消费者1:


import cn.itsource.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;

public class Recv {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "fanout_exchange_queue_1";

    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "fanout_exchange_test";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        // 绑定队列到交换机
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "");

        // 定义队列的消费者
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            // 获取消息,并且处理,这个方法类似事件监听,如果有消息的时候,会被自动调用
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties,
                                       byte[] body) throws IOException {
                // body 即消息体
                String msg = new String(body);
                System.out.println(" [消费者1] received : " + msg + "!");
            }
        };
        // 监听队列,自动返回完成
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }
}

消费者2:


import cn.itsource.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;

public class Recv2 {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "fanout_exchange_queue_2";

    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "fanout_exchange_test";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        // 绑定队列到交换机
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "");
        
        // 定义队列的消费者
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            // 获取消息,并且处理,这个方法类似事件监听,如果有消息的时候,会被自动调用
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties,
                                       byte[] body) throws IOException {
                // body 即消息体
                String msg = new String(body);
                System.out.println(" [消费者2] received : " + msg + "!");
            }
        };
        // 监听队列,手动返回完成
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }
}

订阅模型-Direct

在Direct模型下,队列与交换机的绑定,不能是任意绑定了,而是要指定一个RoutingKey(路由key)

消息的发送方在向Exchange发送消息时,也必须指定消息的routing key。

此处我们模拟商品的增删改,发送消息的RoutingKey分别是:insert、update、delete



import cn.itsource.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;

public class Send {
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "direct_exchange_test";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明exchange,指定类型为direct
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "direct");
        // 消息内容
        String message = "商品新增了, id = 1001";
        // 发送消息,并且指定routing key 为:insert ,代表新增商品
        channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "insert", null, message.getBytes());
        System.out.println(" [商品服务:] Sent '" + message + "'");

        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

消费者
消费者1:
我们此处假设消费者1只接收两种类型的消息:更新商品和删除商品。



import cn.itsource.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;

public class Recv {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "direct_exchange_queue_1";
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "direct_exchange_test";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        
        // 绑定队列到交换机,同时指定需要订阅的routing key。假设此处需要update和delete消息
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "update");

        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "delete");

        // 定义队列的消费者
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            // 获取消息,并且处理,这个方法类似事件监听,如果有消息的时候,会被自动调用
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties,
                                       byte[] body) throws IOException {
                // body 即消息体
                String msg = new String(body);
                System.out.println(" [消费者1] received : " + msg + "!");
            }
        };
        // 监听队列,自动ACK
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }
}

消费者2:
我们此处假设消费者2接收所有类型的消息:新增商品,更新商品和删除商品。

import cn.itsource.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;

public class Recv2 {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "direct_exchange_queue_2";
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "direct_exchange_test";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        // 绑定队列到交换机,同时指定需要订阅的routing key。订阅 insert、update、delete
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "insert");
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "update");
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "delete");

        // 定义队列的消费者
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            // 获取消息,并且处理,这个方法类似事件监听,如果有消息的时候,会被自动调用
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties,
                                       byte[] body) throws IOException {
                // body 即消息体
                String msg = new String(body);
                System.out.println(" [消费者2] received : " + msg + "!");
            }
        };
        // 监听队列,自动ACK
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }
}

订阅模型-Topics

Topic类型的Exchange与Direct相比,都是可以根据RoutingKey把消息路由到不同的队列。只不过Topic类型Exchange可以让队列在绑定Routing key 的时候使用通配符!

Routingkey 一般都是有一个或多个单词组成,多个单词之间以”.”分割,例如: goods.insert

通配符规则:

     #:匹配一个或多个词

     *:匹配不多不少恰好1个词

举例:

     audit.#:能够匹配audit.irs.corporate 或者 audit.irs

     audit.*:只能匹配audit.irs

生产者



import cn.itsource.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;

public class Send {
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "topic_exchange_test";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明exchange,指定类型为topic
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic");
        // 消息内容
        String message = "新增商品 : id = 1001";
        // 发送消息,并且指定routing key 为:insert ,代表新增商品
        channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "item.insert", null, message.getBytes());
        System.out.println(" [商品服务:] Sent '" + message + "'");

        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}


消费者1:我们此处假设消费者1只接收两种类型的消息:更新商品和删除商品


import cn.itsource.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;

public class Recv {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "topic_exchange_queue_1";
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "topic_exchange_test";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        
        // 绑定队列到交换机,同时指定需要订阅的routing key。需要 update、delete
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "item.update");
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "item.delete");

        // 定义队列的消费者
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            // 获取消息,并且处理,这个方法类似事件监听,如果有消息的时候,会被自动调用
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties,
                                       byte[] body) throws IOException {
                // body 即消息体
                String msg = new String(body);
                System.out.println(" [消费者1] received : " + msg + "!");
            }
        };
        // 监听队列,自动ACK
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }
}

消费者2:我们此处假设消费者2接收所有类型的消息:新增商品,更新商品和删除商品。



import cn.itsource.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * 消费者2
 */
public class Recv2 {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "topic_exchange_queue_2";
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "topic_exchange_test";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        // 绑定队列到交换机,同时指定需要订阅的routing key。订阅 insert、update、delete
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "item.*");

        // 定义队列的消费者
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            // 获取消息,并且处理,这个方法类似事件监听,如果有消息的时候,会被自动调用
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties,
                                       byte[] body) throws IOException {
                // body 即消息体
                String msg = new String(body);
                System.out.println(" [消费者2] received : " + msg + "!");
            }
        };
        // 监听队列,自动ACK
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }
}

Springboot 整合 rabbitMQ

一、传概念maven项目、导包

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!--spirngboot集成rabbitmq-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>



<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>


application.yml

server:
  port: 44000
spring:
  application:
    name: test‐rabbitmq‐producer
rabbitmq:
  host: 127.0.0.1
  port: 5672
  username: guest
  password: guest
  virtualHost: /


配置类


import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class RabbitMqConfig {
    //两个队列
    public static final String QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL = "queue_inform_email";
    public static final String QUEUE_INFORM_SMS = "queue_inform_sms";
    //交换机名字
    public static final String EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM = "exchange_topics_inform";


    /**
     * 交换机配置
     * ExchangeBuilder提供了fanout、direct、topic、header交换机类型的配置
     *
     * @return the exchange
     */
    @Bean(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM) //spring中bean
    public Exchange EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM() {
        //durable(true)持久化,消息队列重启后交换机仍然存在
        return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM).durable(true).build();
    }


    //声明队列
    @Bean(QUEUE_INFORM_SMS)
    public Queue QUEUE_INFORM_SMS() {
        Queue queue = new Queue(QUEUE_INFORM_SMS);
        return queue;
    }

    //声明队列
    @Bean(QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL)
    public Queue QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL() {
        Queue queue = new Queue(QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL);
        return queue;
    }
    /**
     * channel.queueBind(INFORM_QUEUE_SMS,"inform_exchange_topic","inform.#.sms.#");
     * 绑定队列到交换机 .
     *
     * @param queue    the queue
     * @param exchange the exchange
     * @return the binding
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding BINDING_QUEUE_INFORM_SMS(@Qualifier(QUEUE_INFORM_SMS) Queue queue, //通过名字从spring获取bean
                                            @Qualifier(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM) Exchange exchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("inform.#.sms.#").noargs();
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding BINDING_QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL(@Qualifier(QUEUE_INFORM_EMAIL) Queue queue,
                                              @Qualifier(EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM) Exchange exchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("inform.#.email.#").noargs();
    }
}

入口类

package cn.itsource;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;


@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(App.class,args);
    }
}


测试类

package cn.lxj;

import cn.lxj.config.RabbitMqConfig;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = RabbitMQApp.class)
public class ProducerTest {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Test
    public void sendMsg() {

        String message = "sms message!";
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMqConfig.EXCHANGE_TOPICS_INFORM,"inform.email",
                message);

    }
}

评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值