DisPatcherServlet 初始化过程

首先找到 DispatcherServlet 类，然后初始化方法一般都是init，我们可以尝试搜索

可以发现他里面没有 init()，那么我们继续查看他的父类

可以发现他的父类FrameworkServlet 里面也没有 init(), 继续查看 FrameworkServlet 的父类

在 FrameworkServlet 的父类 HttpServletBean 中发现了 init()

这个 init() 就是把一个必传的属性，赋值到 Servlet 的 Bean上

	@Override
	public final void init() throws ServletException {

		// Set bean properties from init parameters.
		// getServletConfig() 就是获取一个 ServletConfig实例
		// new ServletConfigPropertyValues 创建一个属性值列赋给ServletConfig
		PropertyValues pvs = new ServletConfigPropertyValues(getServletConfig(), this.requiredProperties);
		if (!pvs.isEmpty()) {
			// try 里面的对象 可以理解为为了初始化 BeanWrapper
			try {
				BeanWrapper bw = PropertyAccessorFactory.forBeanPropertyAccess(this);
				ResourceLoader resourceLoader = new ServletContextResourceLoader(getServletContext());
				bw.registerCustomEditor(Resource.class, new ResourceEditor(resourceLoader, getEnvironment()));
				initBeanWrapper(bw);
				bw.setPropertyValues(pvs, true);
			}
			catch (BeansException ex) {
				if (logger.isErrorEnabled()) {
					logger.error("Failed to set bean properties on servlet '" + getServletName() + "'", ex);
				}
				throw ex;
			}
		}

		// 这方法里面是负责了 SpringMvc 的启动相关流程
		initServletBean();
	}

可以发现 HttpServletBean 并没有实现 initServletBean() 方法， 那么我们查看他的子类是否重写了该方法

可以看到在 FrameworkServlet 中 重写了 initServletBean()

这方法有没有觉得比较眼熟

@Override
	protected final void initServletBean() throws ServletException {
		// 这日志想不想 SpringMvc 启动时候的日志 
		getServletContext().log("Initializing Spring " + getClass().getSimpleName() + " '" + getServletName() + "'");
		if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
			logger.info("Initializing Servlet '" + getServletName() + "'");
		}
		long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

		try {
			// 可以看到这里 initWebApplicationContext() 通过方法名 可以看出来这是初始化了一个 webContext 容器
			this.webApplicationContext = initWebApplicationContext();
			initFrameworkServlet();
		}
		catch (ServletException | RuntimeException ex) {
			logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
			throw ex;
		}

		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			String value = this.enableLoggingRequestDetails ?
					"shown which may lead to unsafe logging of potentially sensitive data" :
					"masked to prevent unsafe logging of potentially sensitive data";
			logger.debug("enableLoggingRequestDetails='" + this.enableLoggingRequestDetails +
					"': request parameters and headers will be " + value);
		}

		if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
			logger.info("Completed initialization in " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms");
		}
	}

这个方法里面 初始化了 webContext 容器， 还初始化了 Spring 9 大组件

protected WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext() {
		// 首先获取一个 WebApplicationContext 容器
		WebApplicationContext rootContext =
				WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(getServletContext());
		WebApplicationContext wac = null;
		
		// 判断 webApplicationContext 是否创建成功
		if (this.webApplicationContext != null) {
			wac = this.webApplicationContext;
			// webApplicationContext 创建成功，并且是 ConfigurableWebApplicationContext的子类的时候，就转化成 ConfigurableWebApplicationContext 对象，
			// 然后进行赋值，把 webApplicationContext 放到 ConfigurableWebApplicationContext对象中
			if (wac instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
				ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) wac;
				if (!cwac.isActive()) {
					if (cwac.getParent() == null) {
						cwac.setParent(rootContext);
					}
					// 对ConfigurableWebApplicatonContext 进行配置，然后开始刷新容器加载上下文 
					configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac);
				}
			}
		}
		if (wac == null) {
			wac = findWebApplicationContext();
		}
		if (wac == null) {
			wac = createWebApplicationContext(rootContext);
		}

		if (!this.refreshEventReceived) {
			synchronized (this.onRefreshMonitor) {
				onRefresh(wac);
			}
		}

		if (this.publishContext) {
			String attrName = getServletContextAttributeName();
			getServletContext().setAttribute(attrName, wac);
		}

		return wac;
	}

对 ConfigurableWebApplicationContext 进行配置，并刷新容器，加载上下文

protected void configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac) {
		// 这一些给 ConfigurableWebApplicationContext 设置属性
		if (ObjectUtils.identityToString(wac).equals(wac.getId())) {
			if (this.contextId != null) {
				wac.setId(this.contextId);
			}else {wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX +
						ObjectUtils.getDisplayString(getServletContext().getContextPath()) + '/' + getServletName());
			}
		}

		wac.setServletContext(getServletContext());
		wac.setServletConfig(getServletConfig());
		wac.setNamespace(getNamespace());
		wac.addApplicationListener(new SourceFilteringListener(wac, new ContextRefreshListener()));
		ConfigurableEnvironment env = wac.getEnvironment();
		if (env instanceof ConfigurableWebEnvironment) {
			((ConfigurableWebEnvironment) env).initPropertySources(getServletContext(), getServletConfig());
		}

		postProcessWebApplicationContext(wac);
		applyInitializers(wac);
		// refresh() 这方法主要是刷新容器，加载上下文
		wac.refresh();
	}

该接口在 ConfigurableApplicationContext 中

refresh() 具体实现在 AbstractApplicationContext中

	@Override
	public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
		synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
			// 上下文刷新准备工作
			prepareRefresh();

			// 该方法是创建 Bean 的过程, 下面主要说一下这个 obtainFreshBeanFactory() 
			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

			// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
			prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

			try {
				// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
				postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

				// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
				invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
				registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				// Initialize message source for this context.
				initMessageSource();

				// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
				initApplicationEventMulticaster();

				// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
				onRefresh();

				// Check for listener beans and register them.
				registerListeners();

				// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
				finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

				// Last step: publish corresponding event.
				finishRefresh();
			}

			catch (BeansException ex) {
				if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
					logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
							"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
				}

				// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
				destroyBeans();

				// Reset 'active' flag.
				cancelRefresh(ex);

				// Propagate exception to caller.
				throw ex;
			}

			finally {
				// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
				// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
				resetCommonCaches();
			}
		}
	}

	protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
		// refreshBeanFactory() 负责创建一个 DefaultListableBeanFactory,
		// 并进行bean的创建以及加载
		refreshBeanFactory();
		return getBeanFactory();
	}

// refreshBeanFactory() 是一个抽象方法，定义在AbstractApplicationContext 中，
// 实现方法在子类 AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext 中，
protected abstract void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException;

@Override
	protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
		// hasBeanFactory() 是判断 BeanFactory 是否存在，
		// 如果存在则销毁 BeanFactory
		if (hasBeanFactory()) {
			destroyBeans();
			closeBeanFactory();
		}
		try {
			// creadteBeanFactory() 创建 DefaultListableApplicationContext 也就是 BeanFactory，
			// DefaultListableApplicationContext 是 BeanFactory 的子类
			// 下面 1-1 图中可查看 extends or implements 关系
			DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
			beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
			customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
			// loadBeanDefinitions() 就是对 Bean 的加载了，当前方法没带do，
			// 所有他是加载 Bean 的前置工作
			loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
			synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
				this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
			}
		}
		catch (IOException ex) {
			throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
		}
	}

loadBeanDefinitions() 定义在 AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext 类中，实现方法在子类 AbstractXmlApplicationContext 中。

	protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException, IOException {
		// 首先创建一个 BeanFactory 的加载器，也就是 XmlBeanDefinitionReader  
		XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);

		// 配置 BeanDefinitionReader，以及一些环境
	 	beanDefinitionReader.setEnvironment(this.getEnvironment());
		beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this);
		beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(this));

		initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader);
		// 加载 Bean 的准备工作
		loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader);
	}

	protected void loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) throws BeansException, IOException {
		// 首先读取配置
		Resource[] configResources = getConfigResources();
		// 读取到了配置，则直接加载配置
		if (configResources != null) {
			reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configResources);
		}
		// 然后开始加载默认的配置信息，如图 1-2 
		String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
		if (configLocations != null) {
			reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocations);
		}
	}

然后在 AbstractBeanDefinitionReader 中实现了 loadBeanDefinitions()

	@Override
	public int loadBeanDefinitions(Resource... resources) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		Assert.notNull(resources, "Resource array must not be null");
		int count = 0;
		// 通过获取到的配置 进行加载 Bean
		for (Resource resource : resources) {
			count += loadBeanDefinitions(resource);
		}
		return count;
	}

在当我们点进去查看 loadBeanDefinitions() 的时候发现进到了一个接口中，BeanDefinitionReader 其实是一个接口 在他底下实现了多种 BeanDefinition 的加载器
我们直接看 Xml 格式的加载器
也就是到 XmlBeanDefinitionReader 中

	public int loadBeanDefinitions(Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		// 把配置进行了一个统一的封装
		return loadBeanDefinitions(new EncodedResource(resource));
	}

public int loadBeanDefinitions(EncodedResource encodedResource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		Assert.notNull(encodedResource, "EncodedResource must not be null");
		if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
			logger.trace("Loading XML bean definitions from " + encodedResource);
		}

		Set<EncodedResource> currentResources = this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.get();

		if (!currentResources.add(encodedResource)) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
					"Detected cyclic loading of " + encodedResource + " - check your import definitions!");
		}

		// 最主要的地方在这里，通过 InputSource 进行读文件，
		// 然后通过 doLoadBeanDefinitions() 进行真正的Bean加载
		try (InputStream inputStream = encodedResource.getResource().getInputStream()) {
			InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(inputStream);
			if (encodedResource.getEncoding() != null) {
				inputSource.setEncoding(encodedResource.getEncoding());
			}
			return doLoadBeanDefinitions(inputSource, encodedResource.getResource());
		}
		catch (IOException ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
					"IOException parsing XML document from " + encodedResource.getResource(), ex);
		}
		finally {
			currentResources.remove(encodedResource);
			if (currentResources.isEmpty()) {
				this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.remove();
			}
		}
	}

doLoadBeanDefinitions() 里面把配置处理成 Document 对象，
然后进行注册 BeanDefinition 的前置处理

	protected int doLoadBeanDefinitions(InputSource inputSource, Resource resource)
			throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

		try {
			// 把配置 解析成 Document 对象
			Document doc = doLoadDocument(inputSource, resource);
			// 注册 beanDefinition 的前置处理
			int count = registerBeanDefinitions(doc, resource);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Loaded " + count + " bean definitions from " + resource);
			}
			return count;
		}
		catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
			throw ex;
		}
		catch (SAXParseException ex) {
			throw new XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"Line " + ex.getLineNumber() + " in XML document from " + resource + " is invalid", ex);
		}
		catch (SAXException ex) {
			throw new XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"XML document from " + resource + " is invalid", ex);
		}
		catch (ParserConfigurationException ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"Parser configuration exception parsing XML from " + resource, ex);
		}
		catch (IOException ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"IOException parsing XML document from " + resource, ex);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"Unexpected exception parsing XML document from " + resource, ex);
		}
	}

	public int registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		// createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader() 可以理解为反射创建一个 DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader 对象，
		// 只不过创建方式是通过 Kotlin 创建的
		BeanDefinitionDocumentReader documentReader = createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader();
		int countBefore = getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount();
		// 进行注册 BeanDefinition 前置
		documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(doc, createReaderContext(resource));
		return getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount() - countBefore;
	}

BeanDefinitionDocumentReader 是一个接口，刚才我们创建的时候 默认创建的是 DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader 对象

	@Override
	public void registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, XmlReaderContext readerContext) {
		this.readerContext = readerContext;
		// 该方法里面进行了真正的注册 BeanDefainiton
		doRegisterBeanDefinitions(doc.getDocumentElement());
	}

通过委派获取子类，然后使用子类进行处理

protected void doRegisterBeanDefinitions(Element root) {
		BeanDefinitionParserDelegate parent = this.delegate;
		this.delegate = createDelegate(getReaderContext(), root, parent);

		if (this.delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
			String profileSpec = root.getAttribute(PROFILE_ATTRIBUTE);
			if (StringUtils.hasText(profileSpec)) {
				String[] specifiedProfiles = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(
						profileSpec, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
				// We cannot use Profiles.of(...) since profile expressions are not supported
				// in XML config. See SPR-12458 for details.
				if (!getReaderContext().getEnvironment().acceptsProfiles(specifiedProfiles)) {
					if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
						logger.debug("Skipped XML bean definition file due to specified profiles [" + profileSpec +
								"] not matching: " + getReaderContext().getResource());
					}
					return;
				}
			}
		}

		preProcessXml(root);
		// 进行解析了 document 对象
		parseBeanDefinitions(root, this.delegate);
		postProcessXml(root);

		this.delegate = parent;
	}

循环所有标签，进行处理 document 对象

protected void parseBeanDefinitions(Element root, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
		if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
			NodeList nl = root.getChildNodes();
			for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
				Node node = nl.item(i);
				if (node instanceof Element) {
					Element ele = (Element) node;
					if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(ele)) {
						parseDefaultElement(ele, delegate);
					}
					else {
						delegate.parseCustomElement(ele);
					}
				}
			}
		}
		else {
			delegate.parseCustomElement(root);
		}
	}

对应标签的处理，可看 1-3 图进行查看

	private void parseDefaultElement(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
		if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, IMPORT_ELEMENT)) {
			importBeanDefinitionResource(ele);
		}
		else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, ALIAS_ELEMENT)) {
			processAliasRegistration(ele);
		}
		else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, BEAN_ELEMENT)) {
			processBeanDefinition(ele, delegate);
		}
		else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, NESTED_BEANS_ELEMENT)) {
			// recurse
			doRegisterBeanDefinitions(ele);
		}
	}

然后就看 Bean 标签的处理

	protected void processBeanDefinition(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
		BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
		if (bdHolder != null) {
			bdHolder = delegate.decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, bdHolder);
			try {
				// Register the final decorated instance.
				// 关注这一块即可，进行注册 BeanDefinition				
				BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry());
			}
			catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
				getReaderContext().error("Failed to register bean definition with name '" +
						bdHolder.getBeanName() + "'", ele, ex);
			}
			// Send registration event.
			getReaderContext().fireComponentRegistered(new BeanComponentDefinition(bdHolder));
		}
	}

	public static void registerBeanDefinition(
			BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry)
			throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

		// 获取 BenaName 进行注册Bean
		String beanName = definitionHolder.getBeanName();
		// 注册 bean
		registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, definitionHolder.getBeanDefinition());

		// Register aliases for bean name, if any.
		String[] aliases = definitionHolder.getAliases();
		if (aliases != null) {
			for (String alias : aliases) {
				registry.registerAlias(beanName, alias);
			}
		}
	}

BeanDefinitionRegistry 是一个接口， DefaultListAbleApplicationContext 也是实现了该接口。

将 BeanDefinition 添加在 beanDefinitionMap 容器中

@Override
	public void registerBeanDefinition(String beanName, BeanDefinition beanDefinition)
			throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

		Assert.hasText(beanName, "Bean name must not be empty");
		Assert.notNull(beanDefinition, "BeanDefinition must not be null");

		if (beanDefinition instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
			try {
				((AbstractBeanDefinition) beanDefinition).validate();
			}
			catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
				throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
						"Validation of bean definition failed", ex);
			}
		}
		// 根据 beanName 尝试获取 BeanDefinition
		BeanDefinition existingDefinition = this.beanDefinitionMap.get(beanName);
		// 如果Bean存在 在进行一下 BeanDefinition 是否允许覆盖的判断
		if (existingDefinition != null) {
			if (!isAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding()) {
				throw new BeanDefinitionOverrideException(beanName, beanDefinition, existingDefinition);
			}
			else if (existingDefinition.getRole() < beanDefinition.getRole()) {
				// e.g. was ROLE_APPLICATION, now overriding with ROLE_SUPPORT or ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE
				if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
					logger.info("Overriding user-defined bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
							"' with a framework-generated bean definition: replacing [" +
							existingDefinition + "] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
				}
			}
			else if (!beanDefinition.equals(existingDefinition)) {
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
					logger.debug("Overriding bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
							"' with a different definition: replacing [" + existingDefinition +
							"] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
				}
			}
			else {
				if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
					logger.trace("Overriding bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
							"' with an equivalent definition: replacing [" + existingDefinition +
							"] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
				}
			}
			this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
		}
		else {
			// Bean 不存在，直接把Bean 存放到 beanDefinitionMap中
			if (hasBeanCreationStarted()) {
				// Cannot modify startup-time collection elements anymore (for stable iteration)
				synchronized (this.beanDefinitionMap) {
					this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
					List<String> updatedDefinitions = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames.size() + 1);
					updatedDefinitions.addAll(this.beanDefinitionNames);
					updatedDefinitions.add(beanName);
					this.beanDefinitionNames = updatedDefinitions;
					removeManualSingletonName(beanName);
				}
			}
			else {
				// Still in startup registration phase
				this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
				this.beanDefinitionNames.add(beanName);
				removeManualSingletonName(beanName);
			}
			this.frozenBeanDefinitionNames = null;
		}
		
		// bean存入后 刷新 BeanDefition
		if (existingDefinition != null || containsSingleton(beanName)) {
			resetBeanDefinition(beanName);
		}
		else if (isConfigurationFrozen()) {
			clearByTypeCache();
		}
	}