学术论文写作之引言(Introduction)怎么写

如何写引言：

引言的组成

• The background information 背景知识
• The relevant literature 相关文献
• The nature ,scope,purpose and significance of the problems investigated 研究的问题的重要性以及研究的意义
• The results of the investigation 研究结果
• The conclusion suggested by the results 由仿真结果可以得出的结论
• The explanation and definition of terms or abbreviations 术语或缩写的解释和定义

引言的特点

三大基本要求：

1. Attraction 吸引力
2. Brevity 简洁
3. Clarity 清晰

引言的结构与布局

看了很多论文，其introduction部分一般是以如下内容排版方式进行写作：

• 论文研究领域的背景知识，引入研究课题

  背景知识
  ALMOST all electronic devices, such as home appliances, automotive electronics, office facilities, customer,electronics, various sensors and actuators are expected to be connected to the Internet in future, and thus form the Internet of Things (IoT). Boosted by big data, IoT will greatly facilitate our daily life and make services more intelligent, such as smart home, transportation, health-care, manufacture, and factory [1].
  研究课题
  To earn the welfare of the IoT, the cloud computing and cloud storage infrastructure that can provide sufficient processing and storage resources are considered as the enabler for ubiquitous IoT services. However, with the rapid increasing popularity of emerging applications, such as augmented reality, face and voice recognition, wearable computing, image and video processing, the centralized cloud-based IoT raises concerns [2], such as latency due to long distance between user terminal (things) and the cloud, and bandwidth limitation due to the limited capacity of the backhaul link. 
  

• 强调该研究的重要性,并且回顾前人的研究结果，指出以前研究结果的不足

  强调该研究的重要性
  Fog computing and caching that move the network resources from the cloud to the edge has been proposed to accommodate future IoT services, and the fog-enabled IoT is considered as a promising network architecture [3]. ....... Therefore, the efficient management and synergy of caching, computing, and radio resources become the challenges for the fog-enabled IoT. 
  指出以前研究结果的不足
  Although many works (reviewed in Section II of this paper) have been dedicated to providing optimal computation offloading strategies, content caching policies and resource allocation scheme. However, these important issues, especially computing and caching, were usually considered and solved separately in most existing works. ...
  

• 介绍以前的解决方案，陈述作者的研究基础。

  介绍以前的解决方案,带了[1],[2]...都是引述前人的研究
  Most of existing solutions formulate the computation offloading or content caching as the constrained convex optimization problems with different selected metrics and constraints, such as serv