LeetCode185-MySQL-部门工资前三高的员工

Employee 表包含所有员工信息，每个员工有其对应的 Id, salary 和 department Id 。

+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| Id | Name  | Salary | DepartmentId |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| 1  | Joe   | 70000  | 1            |
| 2  | Henry | 80000  | 2            |
| 3  | Sam   | 60000  | 2            |
| 4  | Max   | 90000  | 1            |
| 5  | Janet | 69000  | 1            |
| 6  | Randy | 85000  | 1            |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+

Department 表包含公司所有部门的信息。

+----+----------+
| Id | Name     |
+----+----------+
| 1  | IT       |
| 2  | Sales    |
+----+----------+

编写一个 SQL 查询，找出每个部门工资前三高的员工。例如，根据上述给定的表格，查询结果应返回：

+------------+----------+--------+
| Department | Employee | Salary |
+------------+----------+--------+
| IT         | Max      | 90000  |
| IT         | Randy    | 85000  |
| IT         | Joe      | 70000  |
| Sales      | Henry    | 80000  |
| Sales      | Sam      | 60000  |
+------------+----------+--------+

---

1、链接两表，将部门id换成name

2、如何取前三高？不妨再加入一张Employee表，将其与1中的表作对比，令e2表中的salary大于e1表中的salary

3、限制条件：e2表中salary大于e1表中salary的个数少于3 ==》取前三高的salary

So show you my code:

# Write your MySQL query statement below
SELECT Department.Name AS Department, e1.Name AS Employee, e1.Salary AS Salary
FROM Employee e1
JOIN Department
ON e1.DepartmentId = Department.Id
WHERE 3 >   (
            SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT e2.Salary) 
            FROM Employee e2
            WHERE e2.Salary > e1.Salary AND e1.DepartmentId = e2.DepartmentId
            )
ORDER BY Department.Name, e1.Salary DESC

Runtime: 746 ms

注意：条件语句中必须为 3 > (...)，子查询中必须是 e2.Salary>e1.Salary

为什么呢？

不妨假设e1=e2=[6,5,4,3]，则子查询的过程如下：

1、e1.Salary=3；则e2.Salary可以取4、5、6；COUNT(DISTINCT e2.Salary)=3

2、e1.Salary=4；则e2.Salary可以取5、6；COUNT(DISTINCT e2.Salary)=2

3、e1.Salary=5；则e2.Salary可以取6；COUNT(DISTINCT e2.Salary)=1

4、e1.Salary=6；则e2.Salary无法取值；COUNT(DISTINCT e2.Salary)=0

则要令COUNT(DISTINCT e2.Salary)  < 3 的情况有上述的4、3、2.

也即是说，这等价于取e1.Salary最大的三个值。