题目链接:https://cn.vjudge.net/problem/UVALive-3263
题意:平面上有一个包含n个端点的一笔画,第n个端点总是和第一个端点重合,组成的一笔画的线段可以相交,但是不会部分重叠,求这些线段将平面分成多少个部分(封闭区域,无限大区域)。
题解:原先有n个顶点,n条边, 求出所有线段的规范交交点,这些交点和原先的顶点去重之后就是图形所有顶点,然后判断规范交的交点是否在‘笔划‘上,如果在,那么边数加加,然后通过欧拉定理:V+F-E=2,可求得F。
V是顶点,E是边,F是面
代码:
# define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#pragma GCC optimize(2)
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <map>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#define inf 0x3f3f3f3f
#define Pair pair<int,int>
//#define int long long
#define fir first
#define sec second
namespace fastIO {
#define BUF_SIZE 100000
#define OUT_SIZE 100000
//fread->read
bool IOerror = 0;
//inline char nc(){char ch=getchar();if(ch==-1)IOerror=1;return ch;}
inline char nc() {
static char buf[BUF_SIZE], * p1 = buf + BUF_SIZE, * pend = buf + BUF_SIZE;
if (p1 == pend) {
p1 = buf; pend = buf + fread(buf, 1, BUF_SIZE, stdin);
if (pend == p1) { IOerror = 1; return -1; }
}
return *p1++;
}
inline bool blank(char ch) { return ch == ' ' || ch == '\n' || ch == '\r' || ch == '\t'; }
template<class T> inline bool read(T& x) {
bool sign = 0; char ch = nc(); x = 0;
for (; blank(ch); ch = nc());
if (IOerror)return false;
if (ch == '-')sign = 1, ch = nc();
for (; ch >= '0' && ch <= '9'; ch = nc())x = x * 10 + ch - '0';
if (sign)x = -x;
return true;
}
inline bool read(double& x) {
bool sign = 0; char ch = nc(); x = 0;
for (; blank(ch); ch = nc());
if (IOerror)return false;
if (ch == '-')sign = 1, ch = nc();
for (; ch >= '0' && ch <= '9'; ch = nc())x = x * 10 + ch - '0';
if (ch == '.') { double tmp = 1; ch = nc(); for (; ch >= '0' && ch <= '9'; ch = nc())tmp /= 10.0, x += tmp * (ch - '0'); }
if (sign)x = -x; return true;
}
inline bool read(char* s) {
char ch = nc();
for (; blank(ch); ch = nc());
if (IOerror)return false;
for (; !blank(ch) && !IOerror; ch = nc())* s++ = ch;
*s = 0;
return true;
}
inline bool read(char& c) {
for (c = nc(); blank(c); c = nc());
if (IOerror) { c = -1; return false; }
return true;
}
template<class T, class... U>bool read(T& h, U& ... t) { return read(h) && read(t...); }
#undef OUT_SIZE
#undef BUF_SIZE
};
using namespace fastIO;
using namespace std;
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
const double eps = 1e-10;
struct Point { double x, y; Point(double x = 0, double y = 0) :x(x), y(y) {} };
typedef Point Vector;
Vector operator + (Vector A, Vector B) { return Vector(A.x + B.x, A.y + B.y); }
Vector operator - (Point A, Point B) { return Vector(A.x - B.x, A.y - B.y); }
Vector operator * (Vector A, double p) { return Vector(A.x * p, A.y * p); }
Vector operator / (Vector A, double p) { return Vector(A.x / p, A.y / p); }
bool operator < (const Point& A, const Point& B) { return A.x < B.x || (A.x == B.x && A.y < B.y); }
int dcmp(double x) { if (fabs(x) < eps)return 0; else return x < 0 ? -1 : 1; }
bool operator == (const Point& A, const Point& B) { return dcmp(A.x - B.x) == 0 && dcmp(A.y - B.y) == 0; }
double Dot(Vector A, Vector B) { return A.x * B.x + A.y * B.y; }
double Length(Vector A) { return sqrt(Dot(A, A)); }
double Dist2(const Point& A, const Point& B) { return (A.x - B.x) * (A.x - B.x) + (A.y - B.y) * (A.y - B.y); }
double Dist(const Point& A, const Point& B) { return sqrt((A.x - B.x) * (A.x - B.x) + (A.y - B.y) * (A.y - B.y)); }
double Angle(Vector A, Vector B) { return acos(Dot(A, B) / Length(A) / Length(B)); }
double Cross(Vector A, Vector B) { return A.x * B.y - A.y * B.x; }
double Area2(Point A, Point B, Point C) { return Cross(B - A, C - A); }
double DistanceToLine(Point P, Point A, Point B) { Vector v1 = B - A, v2 = P - A; return fabs(Cross(v1, v2)) / Length(v1); }
Vector Normal(Vector A) { double L = Length(A); return Vector(-A.y / L, A.x / L); }
Vector Rotate(Vector A, double rad) { return Vector(A.x * cos(rad) - A.y * sin(rad), A.x * sin(rad) + A.y * cos(rad)); }
Point GetLineIntersection(Point P, Vector v, Point Q, Vector w) { Vector u = P - Q; double t = Cross(w, u) / Cross(v, w); return P + v * t; }
double PolygonArea(vector<Point>p) {//duo area
double area = 0;
int n = p.size();
for (int i = 1; i < n - 1; i++)area += Cross(p[i] - p[0], p[i + 1] - p[0]);
return area / 2;
}
double torad(double deg) { return deg / 180 * acos(-1); }
vector<Point> ConvexHull(vector<Point>& p) {
sort(p.begin(), p.end());
p.erase(unique(p.begin(), p.end()), p.end());
int n = p.size();
int m = 0;
vector<Point> ch(n + 1);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { while (m > 1 && Cross(ch[m - 1] - ch[m - 2], p[i] - ch[m - 2]) <= 0)m--; ch[m++] = p[i]; }
int k = m;
for (int i = n - 2; i >= 0; i--) { while (m > k && Cross(ch[m - 1] - ch[m - 2], p[i] - ch[m - 2]) <= 0)m--; ch[m++] = p[i]; }
if (n > 1)m--;
ch.resize(m);
return ch;
}
double diameter2(vector<Point>& points) {
vector<Point>p = ConvexHull(points);
int n = p.size();
if (n == 1) return 0;
if (n == 2) return Dist2(p[0], p[1]);
//p.push_back(p[0]); // 免得取模
double ans = 0;
for (int u = 0, v = 1; u < n; u++) {
for (;;) {
//Cross(p[u+1]-p[u],p[v+1]-p[v])<=0时停止旋转
int diff = Cross(p[u + 1] - p[u], p[v + 1] - p[v]);
if (diff <= 0) {
ans = max(ans, Dist2(p[u], p[v])); // u和v是对踵点
if (diff == 0) ans = max(ans, Dist2(p[u], p[v + 1])); // diff == 0时u和v+1也是对踵点
break;
}
v = (v + 1) % n;
}
}
return ans;
}
Point PolygonCenter(vector<Point>p) {
Point ans(0, 0);
int n = p.size();
if (PolygonArea(p) == 0)return ans;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
ans = ans + (p[i] + p[(i + 1) % n]) * Cross(p[i], p[(i + 1) % n]);
}
return ans / PolygonArea(p) / 6.0;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
struct Line {
Point P;
Vector v;
double ang;
Line() {}
Line(Point P, Vector v) :P(P), v(v) { ang = atan2(v.y, v.x); }
bool operator < (const Line& L)const {
return ang < L.ang;
}
};
Point GetLineIntersection(const Line& a, const Line& b) {
Vector u = a.P - b.P;
double t = Cross(b.v, u) / Cross(a.v, b.v);
return a.P + a.v * t;
}
bool OnLeft(Line L, Point p) { return Cross(L.v, p - L.P) > 0; }
vector<Point>HalfplaneIntersection(vector<Line>L) {
int n = L.size();
sort(L.begin(), L.end());
int first, last;
vector<Point> p(n);
vector<Line> q(n);
vector<Point> ans;
q[first = last = 0] = L[0];
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
while (first < last && !OnLeft(L[i], p[last - 1])) last--;
while (first < last && !OnLeft(L[i], p[first]))first++;
q[++last] = L[i];
if (fabs(Cross(q[last].v, q[last - 1].v)) < eps) {
last--;
if (OnLeft(q[last], L[i].P))q[last] = L[i];
}
if (first < last)p[last - 1] = GetLineIntersection(q[last - 1], q[last]);
}
while (first < last && !OnLeft(q[first], p[last - 1]))last--;//删除无用平面
if (last - first <= 1)return ans;
p[last] = GetLineIntersection(q[last], q[first]);//计算首尾两个半平面的交点
//从deque复制到输出中
for (int i = first; i <= last; i++)ans.push_back(p[i]);
return ans;
}
bool OnSegment(const Point& p, const Point& a1, const Point& a2) {
return dcmp(Cross(a1 - p, a2 - p)) == 0 && dcmp(Dot(a1 - p, a2 - p)) < 0;
}
bool SegmentProperIntersection(const Point& a1, const Point& a2, const Point& b1, const Point& b2) {
double c1 = Cross(a2 - a1, b1 - a1), c2 = Cross(a2 - a1, b2 - a1),
c3 = Cross(b2 - b1, a1 - b1), c4 = Cross(b2 - b1, a2 - b1);
return dcmp(c1) * dcmp(c2) < 0 && dcmp(c3) * dcmp(c4) < 0;
}
int IsPointInPolygon(const Point& p, const vector<Point>& poly) {
int wn = 0;
int n = poly.size();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
const Point& p1 = poly[i];
const Point& p2 = poly[(i + 1) % n];
if (p1 == p || p2 == p || OnSegment(p, p1, p2)) return -1; // 在边界上
//if (dcmp(dists(p, p1, p2)) == 0) return 0;
int k = dcmp(Cross(p2 - p1, p - p1));
int d1 = dcmp(p1.y - p.y);
int d2 = dcmp(p2.y - p.y);
if (k > 0 && d1 <= 0 && d2 > 0) wn++;
if (k < 0 && d2 <= 0 && d1 > 0) wn--;
}
if (wn != 0) return 1; // 内部
return 0; // 外部
}
bool ConvexPolygonDisjoint(const vector<Point> ch1, const vector<Point> ch2) {
int c1 = ch1.size();
int c2 = ch2.size();
cout << "c1 " << c1 << " " << "c2 " << c2 << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < c1; i++)
if (IsPointInPolygon(ch1[i], ch2) != 0) return false; // 内部或边界上
for (int i = 0; i < c2; i++)
if (IsPointInPolygon(ch2[i], ch1) != 0) return false; // 内部或边界上
for (int i = 0; i < c1; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < c2; j++)
if (SegmentProperIntersection(ch1[i], ch1[(i + 1) % c1], ch2[j], ch2[(j + 1) % c2])) return false;
return true;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
struct Circle {
Point c;
double r;
Circle(Point c, double r) :c(c), r(r) {}
Point point(double a) {
return Point(c.x + cos(a) * r, c.y + sin(a) * r);
}
};
double angle(Vector v) { return atan2(v.y, v.x); }
int getCircleCircleIntersection(Circle C1, Circle C2, vector<Point>& sol) {
double d = Length(C1.c - C2.c);
if (dcmp(d) == 0) { //首先圆心要重合
if (dcmp(C1.r - C2.r) == 0) return -1; //其次半径要相同,然后就可以推出两圆重合
return 0;
}
if (dcmp(C1.r + C2.r - d) < 0) return 0; //相离没交点
if (dcmp(fabs(C1.r - C2.r) - d) > 0) return 0; //圆在圆中,没有交点
double a = angle(C2.c - C1.c); //向量C1C2的极角
double da = acos((C1.r * C1.r + d * d - C2.r * C2.r) / (2 * C1.r * d)); //C1C2到C1P1的角
Point p1 = C1.point(a - da), p2 = C1.point(a + da);
sol.push_back(p1);
if (p1 == p2) return 1; //相切
sol.push_back(p2);
return 2; //相交
}
bool isInCircle(Point p, Circle cir) {
return dcmp(Dist2(p, cir.c) - cir.r * cir.r) < 0;
}
bool check(vector<Point>p, vector<Circle>cir) {
if (p.empty()) return true;
for (int i = 0; i < p.size(); i++) {
bool ok = true;
Point tp = Point(-p[i].x, -p[i].y);
for (int j = 1; j < cir.size(); j++)
if (isInCircle(tp, cir[j])) { ok = false; break; }
if (ok)return true;
}
return false;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
const int N = 1e6 + 5;
const double pi = acos(-1.0);
typedef long long ll;
//const int mod = 998244353;
struct ship {
double x, y, step;
ship(double x, double y, double step) :x(x), y(y), step(step) {}
};
struct thing {
int num, period, time;
bool operator < (const thing& y)const {
return y.time < time || (y.time == time && y.num < num);
}
thing() {}
thing(int num, int period, int time) :num(num), period(period), time(time) {}
};
int dx[8] = { 0, 0, 1,-1, 1, 1,-1,-1 };
int dy[8] = { 1,-1, 0, 0, 1,-1, 1,-1 };
signed main() {
int n;
int Case = 1;
while (~scanf("%d", &n) && n) {
vector<Point>p, fp;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
double x, y;
scanf("%lf%lf", &x, &y);
p.push_back(Point(x, y));
fp.push_back(Point(x, y));
}
n--;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {
if (SegmentProperIntersection(p[i], p[i + 1], p[j], p[j + 1]))
p.push_back(GetLineIntersection(p[i], p[i + 1] - p[i], p[j], p[j + 1] - p[j]));
}
}
sort(p.begin(), p.end());
int V = unique(p.begin(), p.end()) - p.begin();
int E = n;
for (int i = 0; i < V; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
if (OnSegment(p[i], fp[j], fp[j + 1]))E++;
}
}
printf("Case %d: There are %d pieces.\n", Case++, E - V + 2);
}
return 0;
}