spring bean生命周期(循环引用处理--单例)

bean生命周期

实例化 Instantiation >>>> createBeanInstance(beanName,mbd,args)

属性赋值 Populate >>>> populateBean(beanName,mbd,isntanceWrapper)

初始化 Initialization >>>> initialzeBean(beanName,exposeObject,mbd)

销毁 Destruction >>>> 容器关闭时调用

 其中前三个逻辑都在doCreateBean方法中

	protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {

		// Instantiate the bean.
		BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
		if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
			instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
		}
		if (instanceWrapper == null) {
                        //实例化(构造方法反射创建)
			instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
		}
                //无关代码
		// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
		// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
		boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
				isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
		if (earlySingletonExposure) {
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
						"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
			}
                        //放入第三级缓存中，提前暴露，解决循环引用
			addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
		}
		// Initialize the bean instance.
		Object exposedObject = bean;
		try {
                        //属性填充
			populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
                        //初始化
			exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
		}

                //无关代码
		return exposedObject;
	}

首先在实例化之前，spring会扫描所有添加@Sercvice\@Controller\@Component\@Repository的类

将他们封装成BeanDefinition对象（用来描述类的定义信息），其源码如下：

/**
 * A BeanDefinition describes a bean instance, which has property values,
 * constructor argument values, and further information supplied by
 * concrete implementations.
 *
 * <p>This is just a minimal interface: The main intention is to allow a
 * {@link BeanFactoryPostProcessor} such as {@link PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer}
 * to introspect and modify property values and other bean metadata.
 *
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @author Rob Harrop
 * @since 19.03.2004
 * @see ConfigurableListableBeanFactory#getBeanDefinition
 * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition
 * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ChildBeanDefinition
 */
public interface BeanDefinition extends AttributeAccessor, BeanMetadataElement {

	/**
	 * Scope identifier for the standard singleton scope: "singleton".
	 * <p>Note that extended bean factories might support further scopes.
	 * @see #setScope
	 */
	String SCOPE_SINGLETON = ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_SINGLETON;

	/**
	 * Scope identifier for the standard prototype scope: "prototype".
	 * <p>Note that extended bean factories might support further scopes.
	 * @see #setScope
	 */
	String SCOPE_PROTOTYPE = ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE;


	/**
	 * Role hint indicating that a {@code BeanDefinition} is a major part
	 * of the application. Typically corresponds to a user-defined bean.
	 */
	int ROLE_APPLICATION = 0;

	/**
	 * Role hint indicating that a {@code BeanDefinition} is a supporting
	 * part of some larger configuration, typically an outer
	 * {@link org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.ComponentDefinition}.
	 * {@code SUPPORT} beans are considered important enough to be aware
	 * of when looking more closely at a particular
	 * {@link org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.ComponentDefinition},
	 * but not when looking at the overall configuration of an application.
	 */
	int ROLE_SUPPORT = 1;

	/**
	 * Role hint indicating that a {@code BeanDefinition} is providing an
	 * entirely background role and has no relevance to the end-user. This hint is
	 * used when registering beans that are completely part of the internal workings
	 * of a {@link org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.ComponentDefinition}.
	 */
	int ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE = 2;


	// Modifiable attributes

	/**
	 * Set the name of the parent definition of this bean definition, if any.
	 */
	void setParentName(@Nullable String parentName);

	/**
	 * Return the name of the parent definition of this bean definition, if any.
	 */
	@Nullable
	String getParentName();

	/**
	 * Specify the bean class name of this bean definition.
	 * <p>The class name can be modified during bean factory post-processing,
	 * typically replacing the original class name with a parsed variant of it.
	 * @see #setParentName
	 * @see #setFactoryBeanName
	 * @see #setFactoryMethodName
	 */
	void setBeanClassName(@Nullable String beanClassName);

	/**
	 * Return the current bean class name of this bean definition.
	 * <p>Note that this does not have to be the actual class name used at runtime, in
	 * case of a child definition overriding/inheriting the class name from its parent.
	 * Also, this may just be the class that a factory method is called on, or it may
	 * even be empty in case of a factory bean reference that a method is called on.
	 * Hence, do <i>not</i> consider this to be the definitive bean type at runtime but
	 * rather only use it for parsing purposes at the individual bean definition level.
	 * @see #getParentName()
	 * @see #getFactoryBeanName()
	 * @see #getFactoryMethodName()
	 */
	@Nullable
	String getBeanClassName();

	/**
	 * Override the target scope of this bean, specifying a new scope name.
	 * @see #SCOPE_SINGLETON
	 * @see #SCOPE_PROTOTYPE
	 */
	void setScope(@Nullable String scope);

	/**
	 * Return the name of the current target scope for this bean,
	 * or {@code null} if not known yet.
	 */
	@Nullable
	String getScope();

	/**
	 * Set whether this bean should be lazily initialized.
	 * <p>If {@code false}, the bean will get instantiated on startup by bean
	 * factories that perform eager initialization of singletons.
	 */
	void setLazyInit(boolean lazyInit);

	/**
	 * Return whether this bean should be lazily initialized, i.e. not
	 * eagerly instantiated on startup. Only applicable to a singleton bean.
	 */
	boolean isLazyInit();

	/**
	 * Set the names of the beans that this bean depends on being initialized.
	 * The bean factory will guarantee that these beans get initialized first.
	 */
	void setDependsOn(@Nullable String... dependsOn);

	/**
	 * Return the bean names that this bean depends on.
	 */
	@Nullable
	String[] getDependsOn();

	/**
	 * Set whether this bean is a candidate for getting autowired into some other bean.
	 * <p>Note that this flag is designed to only affect type-based autowiring.
	 * It does not affect explicit references by name, which will get resolved even
	 * if the specified bean is not marked as an autowire candidate. As a consequence,
	 * autowiring by name will nevertheless inject a bean if the name matches.
	 */
	void setAutowireCandidate(boolean autowireCandidate);

	/**
	 * Return whether this bean is a candidate for getting autowired into some other bean.
	 */
	boolean isAutowireCandidate();

	/**
	 * Set whether this bean is a primary autowire candidate.
	 * <p>If this value is {@code true} for exactly one bean among multiple
	 * matching candidates, it will serve as a tie-breaker.
	 */
	void setPrimary(boolean primary);

	/**
	 * Return whether this bean is a primary autowire candidate.
	 */
	boolean isPrimary();

	/**
	 * Specify the factory bean to use, if any.
	 * This the name of the bean to call the specified factory method on.
	 * @see #setFactoryMethodName
	 */
	void setFactoryBeanName(@Nullable String factoryBeanName);

	/**
	 * Return the factory bean name, if any.
	 */
	@Nullable
	String getFactoryBeanName();

	/**
	 * Specify a factory method, if any. This method will be invoked with
	 * constructor arguments, or with no arguments if none are specified.
	 * The method will be invoked on the specified factory bean, if any,
	 * or otherwise as a static method on the local bean class.
	 * @see #setFactoryBeanName
	 * @see #setBeanClassName
	 */
	void setFactoryMethodName(@Nullable String factoryMethodName);

	/**
	 * Return a factory method, if any.
	 */
	@Nullable
	String getFactoryMethodName();

	/**
	 * Return the constructor argument values for this bean.
	 * <p>The returned instance can be modified during bean factory post-processing.
	 * @return the ConstructorArgumentValues object (never {@code null})
	 */
	ConstructorArgumentValues getConstructorArgumentValues();

	/**
	 * Return if there are constructor argument values defined for this bean.
	 * @since 5.0.2
	 */
	default boolean hasConstructorArgumentValues() {
		return !getConstructorArgumentValues().isEmpty();
	}

	/**
	 * Return the property values to be applied to a new instance of the bean.
	 * <p>The returned instance can be modified during bean factory post-processing.
	 * @return the MutablePropertyValues object (never {@code null})
	 */
	MutablePropertyValues getPropertyValues();

	/**
	 * Return if there are property values values defined for this bean.
	 * @since 5.0.2
	 */
	default boolean hasPropertyValues() {
		return !getPropertyValues().isEmpty();
	}


	// Read-only attributes

	/**
	 * Return whether this a <b>Singleton</b>, with a single, shared instance
	 * returned on all calls.
	 * @see #SCOPE_SINGLETON
	 */
	boolean isSingleton();

	/**
	 * Return whether this a <b>Prototype</b>, with an independent instance
	 * returned for each call.
	 * @since 3.0
	 * @see #SCOPE_PROTOTYPE
	 */
	boolean isPrototype();

	/**
	 * Return whether this bean is "abstract", that is, not meant to be instantiated.
	 */
	boolean isAbstract();

	/**
	 * Get the role hint for this {@code BeanDefinition}. The role hint
	 * provides the frameworks as well as tools with an indication of
	 * the role and importance of a particular {@code BeanDefinition}.
	 * @see #ROLE_APPLICATION
	 * @see #ROLE_SUPPORT
	 * @see #ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE
	 */
	int getRole();

	/**
	 * Return a human-readable description of this bean definition.
	 */
	@Nullable
	String getDescription();

	/**
	 * Return a description of the resource that this bean definition
	 * came from (for the purpose of showing context in case of errors).
	 */
	@Nullable
	String getResourceDescription();

	/**
	 * Return the originating BeanDefinition, or {@code null} if none.
	 * Allows for retrieving the decorated bean definition, if any.
	 * <p>Note that this method returns the immediate originator. Iterate through the
	 * originator chain to find the original BeanDefinition as defined by the user.
	 */
	@Nullable
	BeanDefinition getOriginatingBeanDefinition();

}

而获取到这些类的信息之后，spring会把他们存入到一个map中，方便获取BeanDefinition对象来获取类的信息

	/** Map of bean definition objects, keyed by bean name */
	private final Map<String, BeanDefinition> beanDefinitionMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(256);
	/** List of bean definition names, in registration order */
	private volatile List<String> beanDefinitionNames = new ArrayList<>(256);

 以上为存储beanDefinition的map和beanDefinitionName的list

实例化 Instantiation

方法调用链：

 通过BeanUtils创建对象，至此，对象就已经被创建出来了，然后到了这一步

	protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {
                //实例化
		// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
		// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
		boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
				isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
		if (earlySingletonExposure) {
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
						"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
			}
                        //加入第三级缓存，提前暴露来解决循环引用
			addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
		}
                //属性填充
                //初始化    
		return exposedObject;
	}

 跟踪进去

三层缓存的定义

	/** Cache of singleton objects: bean name --> bean instance */
        //spring容器/单例池/一级缓存
	private final Map<String, Object> singletonObjects = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(256);

	/** Cache of singleton factories: bean name --> ObjectFactory */
        //三级缓存，用于循环引用
	private final Map<String, ObjectFactory<?>> singletonFactories = new HashMap<>(16);

	/** Cache of early singleton objects: bean name --> bean instance */
        //二级缓存，用于用户拓展
	private final Map<String, Object> earlySingletonObjects = new HashMap<>(16);

发现其将刚实例化好的对象放入到第三级缓存中，作用在后面会讲到。假如现在这个对象是personService，而他引用了userService，userService又引用了personService，这样就形成了循环引用，如下：

@Component
public class PersonService {


    @Autowired
    UserService userService;

    public PersonService() {
        System.out.println("PersonService");
    }
}
@Component
public class UserService {

    @Autowired
    PersonService personService;

    public UserService() {
        System.out.println("UserService");
    }

}

那么在接下来的属性填充中他是怎么做的呢

因为我们是用@Autowired进行自动注入，所以获取到AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor调用其postProcessPropertyValues进行属性后置处理

1.查找自动注入属性元数据

2.注入数据

到beanFactory中去拿userService

一路调用，getSingleton为null

因为它先去一级缓存singletonObjets（单例池）中去拿，拿不到，为null，并且是否创建为false，所以直接返回null，所以接下来开始了userService的生命周期,当其一路走到属性注入时（已经把自己放入到第三级缓存中）

 又走到这步，通过beanFactory来解析此desc

可以看到最终走到getSingleton方法中，一级缓存没有获取到personService，又因为在创建userService的时候，在getSingleton重载方法中

 执行了beforeSingleCreation

可以看到他将beanName放入到一个set集合中，标识当前单例对象正在创建中，而在上面getSingleton，有一处判断，是否正在创建当中，正是此作用，因此进入到二级缓存中去拿，拿不到，并且判断是否允许循环引用，而传值的时候就是true，所以到第三级缓存中去拿，最终拿到了（前面讲到personService讲自己放入到了三级缓存，提前暴露，而此时供userService获取，当然能获取到了），并且移除第三级缓存中的转而放入到第二级缓存 

拿到需要注入的实例之后，一路返回，最后通过反射把值注入进去，到此userService已经实例化完毕 

可以看到personService中的userService已经有值了，而personService中的userService还是null

然后一路返回到getSingleton方法中，执行afterSingletonCreation，里面逻辑就是从正在创建的set集合中移除userService，然后执行addSingleton方法，将经历完整生命周期的bean放入到单例池(spring容器)中

可以看到二三级缓存移除，放入一级缓存singletonObjects中，然后一路返回到personService属性赋值中

可以看到此时已经userService已经有值了

然后返回到inject方法中，熟悉的场景，通过反射给属性赋值 ，接下来和前面所述一样，最终会把经历完整生命周期的bean放入到单例池（spring容器）中。为什么构造器循环引用无法解决呢，因为在实例化对象的前提是执行构造方法。