java中如何对类对象进行排序

        有两种方法可以实现按照类中的某一个属性（或者多个属性）来对类的对象进行排序，一种方法是类实现Comparable接口，然后调用Collections.sort(List)方法进行排序，另一种方法是类不实现Comparable接口，而在排序时使用Collections.sort(List, Comparator)方法，并实现其中的Comparator接口，或者传入一个或多个比较器对象Comparator，使用List的sort方法对对象数组进行排序。

首先创建一个简单的学生类

public class Student {
  private int no;//编号
  private int height;//身高
  private int weight;//体重
  public int getNo() {
    return no;
  }
  public void setNo(int no) {
    this.no = no;
  }
  public int getHeight() {
    return height;
  }
  public void setHeight(int height) {
    this.height = height;
  }
  public int getWeight() {
    return weight;
  }
  public void setWeight(int weight) {
    this.weight = weight;
  }

  public Student(int no,int height,int weight) {
    this.no=no;
    this.height=height;
    this.weight=weight;
  }
}

一、类实现Comparable接口

首先实现Comparable接口并重写compareTo()方法

public class Student implements Comparable{
  private int no;//编号
  private int height;//身高
  private int weight;//体重
  public int getNo() {
    return no;
  }
  public void setNo(int no) {
    this.no = no;
  }
  public int getHeight() {
    return height;
  }
  public void setHeight(int height) {
    this.height = height;
  }
  public int getWeight() {
    return weight;
  }
  public void setWeight(int weight) {
    this.weight = weight;
  }

  public Student(int no,int height,int weight) {
    this.no=no;
    this.height=height;
    this.weight=weight;
  }
  
  @Override
  public int compareTo(Object o) {
    Student stu = (Student)o;
    return this.height-stu.height;//按身高排序
    //this-参数：升序；参数-this：降序
  }
}

接着调用Collection.sort()方法即可实现排序

public static void main(String[] args) {

        List<Student> stuList = new ArrayList<>();
        stuList.add(new Student(1, 170,130));
        stuList.add(new Student(2, 180,145));

        Collections.sort(stuList);
        System.out.println(stuList);
    }

二、传入一个比较器对象Comparator

使用一开始的学生类，不需要实现Comparable接口

 List<Student> stuList = new ArrayList<>();
       stuList.add(new Student(1, 170,130));
        stuList.add(new Student(2, 180,145));

        Collections.sort(stuList, new Comparator<Student>() {
            @Override
            public int compare(Student o1, Student o2) {
                return o1.age - o2.age;
            }
        });
        System.out.println(stuList); 

依据多个字段排序

当要求先按第一个字段排序，如果第一个字段相同，则按第二个字段排序，如果第二个相同，则按第三个字段... 可以定义多个Comparator,并依次使用。

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;


public class sort {
public static void main(String[] args) {
  /**
   * 输入
   */
  Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
  System.out.println("输入学生编号数量n:\n");
  int n = input.nextInt();
  
  System.out.println("输入身高序列：\n");
  int[]shenGao=new int[n];//身高序列用数组记录下来
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
    shenGao[i]=input.nextInt();
  }
  
  System.out.println("输入体重序列：\n");
  int[]tiZhong=new int[n];//体重数组
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
    tiZhong[i]=input.nextInt();
  }
  
  /**
   * 创建类对象及动态数组
   */
  List<Student>list = new ArrayList<Student>();
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
    list.add(new Student(i+1,shenGao[i],tiZhong[i]));//依次添加学生对象
  }
  /**
   * 排序
   */
  //按身高升序排列
  Comparator<Student>byHeight = Comparator.comparing(Student::getHeight);
  //按身高降序排列
  Comparator<Student>byHeightDown = Comparator.comparing(Student::getHeight,Comparator.reverseOrder());
  //按体重升序排列
  Comparator<Student>byWeight = Comparator.comparing(Student::getWeight);
  //按体重降序排列
  Comparator<Student>byWeightDown = Comparator.comparing(Student::getWeight,Comparator.reverseOrder());
  
  //先按身高升序再按体重升序排列
  list.sort(byHeight.thenComparing(byWeight));
  //先按身高升序再按体重降序排列  
  list.sort(byHeight.thenComparing(byWeightDown));
  //先按身高降序再按体重升序排列  
  list.sort(byHeightDown.thenComparing(byWeight));
  //先按身高降序再按体重降序排列  
  list.sort(byHeightDown.thenComparing(byWeightDown));
  
  /**
   * 输出编号
   */
  for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++) {
    Student s = list.get(i);
    System.out.print(s.getNo()+" ");
  }
}
  
}

排序结果： 

输入学生编号数量n:

4
输入身高序列：

100 100 120 130
输入体重序列：

40 30 60 50
2 1 3 4