在Linux系统中,命令 host 用于查询DNS的工具,他可以将指定主机名称转换为IP地址。
什么又是NDS?
DNS(Domain Name System)翻译为域名解析系统,作用是将域名解析为机器看得懂的Ip地址,这个过程叫做域名解析。(后续会详细讲述什么是DNS)
语法:
host [参数选项]
参数说明:
-
-a 显示详细的DNS信息
-
-t 指定查询的域名信息类型,可以是 “A”、“ALL”、“MX” 和 “NS”等
案例:
NDS查询
[root@master test03]# host www.baidu.com
-bash: host: command not found
好吧,找不到命令。使用下列命令进行安装
CnetOS环境:
yum install bind-utils
Ubuntu环境:
sudo apt-get install bind-utils
本案例环境为CentOS,开始安装
[root@master test03]# yum install bind-utils
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=os&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"
* base: mirrors.cn99.com
* extras: mirrors.cn99.com
* updates: mirrors.cn99.com
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
http://mirrors.njupt.edu.cn/centos/7.8.2003/extras/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn; Unknown error"
Total download size: 3.1 M
Installed size: 7.5 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y # 这里输入y表示同意安装
Downloading packages:
...... # 略
geoipupdate.x86_64 0:2.5.0-1.el7
Complete!
[root@master test03]#
再次查询
[root@master test03]# host www.jianshu.com
www.jianshu.com has address 47.92.108.93
www.jianshu.com has IPv6 address 2408:4001:f10::1a6
www.jianshu.com is an alias for www.jianshu.com.w.cdngslb.com.
[root@master test03]#
-a 查询详细信息
[root@master test03]# host -a www.jianshu.com
Trying "www.jianshu.com"
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 48133
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.jianshu.com. IN ANY
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.jianshu.com. 567 IN CNAME www.jianshu.com.w.cdngslb.com.
Received 73 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53 in 32 ms
[root@master test03]#
指定DNS服务器查询
[root@master test03]# host -a www.jianshu.com 223.5.5.5
Trying "www.jianshu.com"
Using domain server:
Name: 223.5.5.5
Address: 223.5.5.5#53
Aliases:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 7025
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.jianshu.com. IN ANY
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.jianshu.com. 115 IN A 47.92.108.93
www.jianshu.com. 115 IN AAAA 2408:4001:f10::1a6
Received 77 bytes from 223.5.5.5#53 in 11 ms
[root@master test03]#
-t 按类进行查询
[root@master test03]# host -t MX www.jianshu.com
www.jianshu.com is an alias for www.jianshu.com.w.cdngslb.com.
[root@master test03]#