SpringBoot项目搭建路由模块-gateway

网关主要功能：
限流（流量控制）；
重试（请求失败时重试，慎用）；
跨域（前后端不在同一个域）；
路由（转发请求）；
鉴权（登录校验，签名校验）等。

新建Maven子项目gateway

加入网关依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

加启动类和配置文件

package com.dog.gateway;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class GatewayApplication {

	private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GatewayApplication.class);

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(GatewayApplication.class);
		Environment env = app.run(args).getEnvironment();
		LOG.info("启动成功！！");
		LOG.info("Gateway地址: \thttp://192.168.0.51:{}", env.getProperty("server.port"));
	}

}

因为这是个路由，是比较重要又跟业务不相关的模块，所以就定义路由端口是9000。其他的业务模块是从9001, 9002这么排下去的。

spring.application.name=gateway
server.port=9000
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8761/eureka/

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
    <!-- 修改一下路径-->
    <property name="PATH" value="/log/dog/gateway"></property>

    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder>
            <!--            <Pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} %highlight(%-5level) %blue(%-50logger{50}:%-4line) %msg%n</Pattern>-->
            <Pattern>%d{mm:ss.SSS} %highlight(%-5level) %blue(%-30logger{30}:%-4line) %msg%n</Pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <appender name="TRACE_FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
        <file>${PATH}/trace.log</file>
        <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
            <FileNamePattern>${PATH}/trace.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log</FileNamePattern>
            <timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
                <maxFileSize>10MB</maxFileSize>
            </timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
        </rollingPolicy>
        <layout>
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-5level %-50logger{50}:%-4line %green(%-8X{UUID}) %msg%n</pattern>
        </layout>
    </appender>

    <appender name="ERROR_FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
        <file>${PATH}/error.log</file>
        <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
            <FileNamePattern>${PATH}/error.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log</FileNamePattern>
            <timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
                <maxFileSize>10MB</maxFileSize>
            </timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
        </rollingPolicy>
        <layout>
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-5level %-50logger{50}:%-4line %green(%-8X{UUID}) %msg%n</pattern>
        </layout>
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
            <level>ERROR</level>
            <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
            <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
        </filter>
    </appender>

    <root level="ERROR">
        <appender-ref ref="ERROR_FILE" />
    </root>

    <root level="TRACE">
        <appender-ref ref="TRACE_FILE" />
    </root>

    <root level="INFO">
        <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
    </root>
</configuration>

gateway启动失败，检查版本号
注意：如果你发现路由gateway启动报错如下：

***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************

Description:

An attempt was made to call a method that does not exist. The attempt was made from the following location:

    org.springframework.cloud.gateway.config.GatewayAutoConfiguration$NettyConfiguration.gatewayHttpClient(GatewayAutoConfiguration.java:612)

The following method did not exist:
......

检查下Spring Boot和Spring Cloud版本是否匹配，建议和本项目的保持一致，修改根目录下的父pom.xml

<parent>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
	<version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
	<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
...
<properties>
	<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	<spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>

启动注册中心和网关

路由转发

路由转发：将外部请求转发到实际的业务模块进行处理。

启动system测试一下


要在system的Controller里加上system这个路径。
可以这样

但是以后有多个方法的时候每个都要加system会很麻烦
也可以这样

但是以后有多个类的时候每个都要加system会很麻烦
所以要这样(必须 / 开头，而且不能 / 结尾)

都重新启动一下
这个时候就可以了


目的：将9001地址对外隐藏，暴露9000地址，访问的是localhost:9000/system/**.实际处理的是：localhost:9001/system/**