SpringCloud的Hoxton.SR3版本的熔断器

SpringCloud熔断器介绍

SpringCloud 的不同的版本使用的熔断器各有不同，但目的是相同的，都是解决“雪崩效应”的方式。
⚠️：雪崩效应：一个服务调用失败，影响到后续的一连串的服务调用。例：A—>B—>C—>D—>E,如果D调用E失败，则前面的所有服务都调用失败。

SpringCloud的Hoxton.SR3版本熔断实现

1.引入熔断器依赖

   	<!--断路器依赖-->
   	<dependency>
   		<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
   		<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
   		<version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
   	</dependency>

2. 在启动类上添加熔断生效启动注解@EnableCircuitBreaker

@SpringCloudApplication
@EnableCircuitBreaker
public class ActivityWechatApplication {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
  	SpringApplication.run(ActivityWechatApplication.class, args);
  }
}

3. 在需要熔断的方法上添加具体的熔断方法注解@HystrixCommand

  @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "identifyCarVinFallback",commandKey="identifierVin")
  @PostMapping("/carvinimage/identifier")
  public R<IdentifyVinInfo> identifyCarVin(
      @RequestBody IdentifyVinRequest request) {
    if (null == request || StringUtils.isBlank(request.getImageBase64Code())) {
      return R.failed500(PARAM_NULL);
    }
    User user = AppContextUtils.getUserNotException();
    if (null == user) {
      return R.failed500(USER_LOG_OUT);
    }
    String vin = CassIdentifyVinUtils.identifyVin(request.getImageBase64Code());
    return R.ok200(inquiryService.getIdentifyVinInfo(vin, user.getCompanyId()));
  }
  public R<IdentifyVinInfo> identifyCarVinFallback(@RequestBody IdentifyVinRequest request){
    return R.ok200(IdentifyVinInfo.builder()
        .vin("")
        .statusCode(HttpStatus.HTTP_INTERNAL_ERROR)
        .message("VIN码解析超时")
        .build());
  }

此处注解中fallbackMethod调用失败后的熔断方法，commandKey是设置超时用的配置key值：需要在 application.yml 或者 bootstrap.yml 文件中增加一项配置
对应配置为：

hystrix.command.identifierVin.execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds: 5000 #  设置超时时间为5秒

此处配置还有另外一种方法：

 @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "identifyCarVinFallback",
 commandProperties = @HystrixProperty(name="execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value="5000"))
 @PostMapping("/carvinimage/identifier")
 public R<IdentifyVinInfo> identifyCarVin(
     @RequestBody IdentifyVinRequest request) {
   if (null == request || StringUtils.isBlank(request.getImageBase64Code())) {
     return R.failed500(PARAM_NULL);
   }
   User user = AppContextUtils.getUserNotException();
   if (null == user) {
     return R.failed500(USER_LOG_OUT);
   }
   String vin = CassIdentifyVinUtils.identifyVin(request.getImageBase64Code());
   return R.ok200(inquiryService.getIdentifyVinInfo(vin, user.getCompanyId()));
 }
 public R<IdentifyVinInfo> identifyCarVinFallback(@RequestBody IdentifyVinRequest request){
   return R.ok200(IdentifyVinInfo.builder()
       .vin("")
       .statusCode(HttpStatus.HTTP_INTERNAL_ERROR)
       .message("VIN码解析超时")
       .build());
 }

这样就省去了在配置文件中添加配置项。