Eureka是SpringCloud集合中的一个组件——服务注册中心,用于服务注册管理的。下文为手动实现Eureka的服务注册和发现。
1、eureka-server
项目工程结构:
pom.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>eureka_server</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.6.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!-- eureka-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring Security-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- Spring Cloud-->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Finchley.SR2</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
</project>
resources目录下的application.properties配置文件:
spring.application.name=eureka-server
server.port=8761
# 由于该应用为注册中心,所以设置为false,代表不向注册中心注册自己
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
# 由于注册中心的职责就是维护服务实例,它并不需要去检索服务,所以也设置为false
eureka.client.fetch-registry=false
# Spring-Security安全框架设置用户名和密码
spring.security.user.name=admin1
spring.security.user.password=123456
springboot项目启动类:
package com.example;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class,args);
}
}
WebSecurityConfig配置类:
package com.example.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
//关闭csrf
http.csrf().disable();
//支持httpBasic
http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated().and().httpBasic();
}
}
启动项目,访问http://localhost:8761,如下图:
输入用户名及密码进行登录,就进入Eureka管理界面了,如下图:
2、eureka-client-user-service
项目目录结构:
pom.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>eureka-client-user-service</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.6.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- eureka-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- Spring Cloud-->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Finchley.SR2</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
</project>
resources目录下的application.properties配置文件:
spring.application.name=eureka-client-user-service
server.port=10010
server.servlet.context-path=/eureka-client
# 该地址是启动Eureka服务的地址,在启动的时候需要将自身的信息注册到Eureka中去
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://admin:123456@localhost:8761/eureka/
# 采用IP注册
eureka.instance.preferIpAddress=true
# 定义实例ID格式
eureka.instance.instance-id=${spring.application.name}:${spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${server.port}
springboot启动类:
package com.example;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(App.class,args);
}
}
UserController类:
package com.example;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(App.class,args);
}
}
启动项目,查看控制台输出日志,看到registration status(注册状态)为204,则表示该客户端已注册到Eureka服务了,如下图:
访问controller,http://localhost:10010/eureka-client/user/hello
刷新查看eureka-server的管理界面,可看到注册的客户端信息,红色提示信息是Eureka的自我保护机制,如下图:
自我保护机制介绍:
参考官网:Understanding Eureka Peer to Peer Communication · Netflix/eureka Wiki · GitHub
保护模式,是Eureka 提供的一个特性,在默认的情况下,这个属性是打开的,而且也建议线上都使用这个特性。
如果Eureka Server在一定时间内没有接收到某个微服务实例的心跳,Eureka Server将会注销该实例(默认90秒)。但是当网络分区故障发生时,微服务与Eureka Server之间无法正常通信,此时会触发Eureka Server进入保护模式,进入自我保护模式后,将会保护服务注册表中的信息,不再删除服务注册表中的数据。
3、eureka-client-article-service
与eureka-client-user-service几乎一样,不同的是new一个BeanConfiguration配置类:
package com.example.config;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class BeanConfiguration {
@Bean
@LoadBalanced //自动构造LoadBalancedClient接口的实现类并注册到Spring容器中
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
ArticleController类:
package com.example.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController
public class ArticleController {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@GetMapping("article/callHello")
public String callHello() {
return restTemplate.getForObject("http://eureka-client-user-service/eureka-client/user/hello",String.class);
}
}
启动项目,并访问http://localhost:10011/article/callHello,可看到下图效果(可调eureka-client-user-service中的接口):
刷新eureka-server的服务管理界面,可看到已注册到Eureka服务中的客户端信息:
至此结束~~~~~
参考地址:Spring Cloud服务注册-Eureka介绍和部署 – Heart.Think.Do
参考地址:http://c.biancheng.net/spring_cloud/