手机应用平台开发微型技术报告 二

Android资源动态加载思路

一、指定资源文件加载路径

Android应用中的资源是通过AssetManager来管理的，其中addAssetPath方法可以指定资源加载路径。

/** 
  * Add an additional set of assets to the asset manager. This can be 
  * either a directory or ZIP file.  Not for use by applications.  Returns 
  * the cookie of the added asset, or 0 on failure. 
  * {@hide} 
  */
 public final int addAssetPath(String path) {    
     synchronized (this) {        
         int res = addAssetPathNative(path);           
         makeStringBlocks(mStringBlocks);        
         return res;    
     }
 }

很显然这是个隐藏的API，所以需要通过反射来调用。

private AssetManager createAssetManager(String skinFilePath) {  
    try {        
        AssetManager assetManager = AssetManager.class.newInstance();        
        Method addAssetPath = assetManager.getClass().getMethod("addAssetPath", String.class);        
        addAssetPath.invoke(assetManager, skinFilePath);        
        return assetManager;    
    } catch (Exception e) {        
       e.printStackTrace();        
       return null;    
    }
}

二、构造Resources对象

private Resources createResources(Context context, AssetManager assetManager) {    
    Resources superRes = context.getResources();    
    Resources resources = new Resources(assetManager, superRes.getDisplayMetrics(), superRes.getConfiguration());      
    return resources;
} 

有了Resource对象，就可以访问指定路径的资源文件，进行动态替换，示例如下：

public class SkinManager {
    private Resources mResources;
    /**
     * 获取APK资源
     * @param context 上下文
     * @param apkPath APK路径
     */
    public void loadSkinRes(Context context, String skinFilePath) {
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(skinFilePath)) {
            return ;
        }
        try {
            AssetManager assetManager = createAssetManager(skinFilePath);
            mResources = createResources(context, assetManager);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private AssetManager createAssetManager(String skinFilePath) {
        try {
            AssetManager assetManager = AssetManager.class.newInstance();
            Method addAssetPath = assetManager.getClass().getMethod("addAssetPath", String.class);
            addAssetPath.invoke(assetManager, skinFilePath);
            return assetManager;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }

    private Resources createResources(Context context, AssetManager assetManager) {
        Resources superRes = context.getResources();
        Resources resources = new Resources(assetManager, superRes.getDisplayMetrics(), superRes.getConfiguration());
        return resources;
    }

    public Resources getSkinResource() {
        return mResources;
    }
}

在进入Activity的时候进行检查，如果有资源apk文件，则通过新的Resources对象进行资源获取。

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private Context mContext;
    private ImageView mBgView;
    private SkinManager mSkinManager;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mBgView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.bg);
        mContext = this;
        mSkinManager = new SkinManager();
        checkNewSkin();
    }

    private void checkNewSkin() {
        String skinDir = "/mnt/sdcard/skin";
        File file = new File(skinDir);
        File[] skinFile = file.listFiles();
        if (skinFile == null || skinFile.length == 0) {
            return ;
        }
        mSkinManager.loadSkinRes(mContext, skinFile[0].getAbsolutePath());
        if (mSkinManager.getSkinResource() != null) {
            mBgView.setBackgroundDrawable(mSkinManager.getSkinResource().getDrawable(R.mipmap.skin));
        }
   }
}

这里是非常简单的处理，将编译好的资源apk文件push到本地sd卡直接加载，正常情况下应该是从网络下载，根据不同的模板名称进行资源的动态替换。