使用duplicate from active database创建standby database(Oracle 11g Data Guard)

Primary IP: 192.168.33.2	DB_NAME=orcl	SID=orcl_pd
Standby IP: 192.168.33.3	DB_NAME=orcl	SID=orcl_st

一. Primary 端操作：

1. 设置归档模式

   这个生产库都是这种模式。

      SQL> archive log list;
      SQL> shutdown immediate
      SQL> startup mount
      SQL> alter database archivelog;
      SQL> archive log list;

2. Primary 设置force logging

SQL> alter database force logging;
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;
FORCE_LOG

---------

YES

3. 配置Oracle Net

   在Primary 库和Standby 都要修改。也可以使用netca 和netmgr命令配置。

   注意：修改完后记得重启listener。

[oracle@primary admin]$ cat listener.ora
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.33.2)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome)
      (SID_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

– 配置静态注册

[oracle@primary admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora

ORCL_ST =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.33.3)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

 
ORCL_PD =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.33.2)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

4. 添加data guard 参数
   创建pfile, 添加如下文件：

SQL> create pfile from spfile;

*.db_name='orcl'

*.db_unique_name='orcl_pd'

*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(orcl_pd,orcl_st)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/archivelog valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=orcl_pd'

*.log_archive_dest_2='service=orcl_st reopen=120 lgwr async valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=orcl_st'

*.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable

*.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable

*.standby_file_management='auto'

*.fal_server='orcl_st'

*.fal_client='orcl_pd'

注意：
在Oracle 11g的Data Guard中，standby_archive_dest参数已经被取消了。

Standby归档文件的存放位置按如下规则来进行：

（1）当LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n设置了valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles)，那么在不定义standby_archive_dest参数时，Oracle就会选择LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n参数作为归档目标。

（2）如果在第一步设置的同时，又独立设置LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n参数为 valid_for=(standby_logfile,*) 属性，那么当compatible参数大于10.0的时候，会自动的选择任意一个LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n的值。

（3）如果LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n 没有设置的话，默认位置是： $ORACLE_HOME/dbs.不过valid_for参数的默认值就是all_logfiles和all_roles. 所以只要设置了本地的归档位置，远程的归档文件也会放到这个目录下面。

5. 用新pfile重启主库

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> create spfile from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome/dbs/initorcl.ora';

File created.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area  422670336 bytes

Fixed Size                  1336960 bytes

Variable Size             310380928 bytes

Database Buffers          104857600 bytes

Redo Buffers                6094848 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL>

二. Standby 端设置：

1. 创建相关目录结构

[oracle@standby trace]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracl