Android学习—蓝牙

蓝牙

蓝牙是一种支持设备短距离通信的无线电技术。能在包括移动电话，PDA，无线耳机，笔记本电脑等众多设备之间进行无线信息交换。利用“蓝牙”技术，能够有效的简化移动通信终端设备之间的通信，也能够成功的简化设备与Internet之间的通信，使得数据传输变得更加迅速高效，为无线通信拓宽道路。
Android 2.0 引入蓝牙端口，开发时需要真机测试且硬件支持。

蓝牙的基本设置

 //打开蓝牙设备
    public void openBlueToothClick(View v){

        //第一种方法，打开蓝牙设备（提示对话框）
        Intent discoverableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);
        discoverableIntent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300);
        startActivity(discoverableIntent);

        //第二种方法，打开蓝牙，静默打开
//        BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter=BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
//        bluetoothAdapter.enable();

    }
    public void closeBlueToothClick(View v){
        //关闭蓝牙设备
        BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter1=BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
        bluetoothAdapter1.disable();

    }
    public void scanClick(View v){
        //开始扫描蓝牙设备
        BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter2=BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
        bluetoothAdapter2.startDiscovery();
        Set<BluetoothDevice> set=bluetoothAdapter2.getBondedDevices();
        for (BluetoothDevice bd : set)
        {
            System.out.println("name"+bd.getName());
            System.out.println("address"+bd.getAddress());

        }
    }
    public void serverClick(View v){
    Intent intent=new Intent(this,ServerBluetoothActivity.class);
    startActivity(intent);
    }
    public void clientClick(View v){
        Intent intent=new Intent(this,ClientBluetoothActivity.class);
        startActivity(intent);
    }
}

 BluetoothAdapter bluetooth=null;//本地蓝牙设备
    BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket=null;//蓝牙设备Socket服务端
    BluetoothSocket socket=null;//蓝牙设备Socket客户端

    //输入输出流
    PrintStream out;
    BufferedReader in;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_server_bluetooth);
        setTitle("蓝牙服务端");
        textView_content= (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView_content);
        editText_info= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText_info);
        button_send= (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_send);
        init();
    }
    //创建蓝牙服务器端的Socket
    private void init() {
        textView_content.setText("服务器已启动，正在等待连接...\n");
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                //1.得到本地设备
                bluetooth=BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
                //2.创建蓝牙Socket服务器
                try
                {
                    serverSocket=bluetooth.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord("text", UUID.fromString("00000000-2527-eef3-ffff-ffffe3160865"));
                    //3.阻塞等待Socket客户端请求
                    socket=serverSocket.accept();
                    if (socket!=null)
                    {
                        out=new PrintStream(socket.getOutputStream());
                        in=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
                    }
                    handler.sendEmptyMessage(CONN_SUCCESS);
                }
                catch (IOException e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    Message msg=handler.obtainMessage(CONN_FAIL,e.getLocalizedMessage());
                    handler.sendMessage(msg);
                }

            }
        }).start();

    }

    //防止内存泄漏 正确的使用方法
    private final MyHandler handler = new MyHandler(this);

    public  class MyHandler extends Handler {
        //软引用
        WeakReference<ServerBluetoothActivity> weakReference;

        public MyHandler(ServerBluetoothActivity activity) {
            weakReference = new WeakReference<ServerBluetoothActivity>(activity);
        }

        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            ServerBluetoothActivity activity = weakReference.get();
            if (activity != null) {
                switch (msg.what) {
                    case RECEIVER_INFO:
                        setInfo(msg.obj.toString() + "\n");
                        break;
                    case SET_EDITTEXT_NULL:
                        editText_info.setText("");
                        break;
                    case CONN_SUCCESS:
                        setInfo("连接成功！\n");
                        button_send.setEnabled(true);
                        new Thread(new ReceiverInfoThread()).start();
                        break;
                    case CONN_FAIL:
                        setInfo("连接失败！\n");
                        setInfo(msg.obj.toString() + "\n");
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    private boolean isReceiver=true;
    class ReceiverInfoThread implements Runnable {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            String info=null;
            while (isReceiver)
            {
                try {
                    info=in.readLine();
                    Message msg=handler.obtainMessage(RECEIVER_INFO,info);
                    handler.sendMessage(msg);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public void sendClick(View v)
    {
        final String content=editText_info.getText().toString();
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(content))
        {
            Toast.makeText(ServerBluetoothActivity.this,"不能发送空消息",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            return;
        }
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                out.println(content);
                out.flush();
                handler.sendEmptyMessage(SET_EDITTEXT_NULL);
            }
        }).start();
    }
    private void setInfo(String info)
    {
        StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
        sb.append(textView_content.getText());
        sb.append(info);
        textView_content.setText(sb);
    }

 BluetoothAdapter bluetooth=null;//本地蓝牙设备
    BluetoothDevice device=null;//远程蓝牙设备
    BluetoothSocket socket=null;//蓝牙设备Socket客户端

    //输入输出流
    PrintStream out;
    BufferedReader in;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_client_bluetooth);
        setTitle("蓝牙客户端");
        textView_content= (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView_content);
        editText_info= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText_info);
        button_send= (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_send);
        init();
    }
    //创建蓝牙客户端端的Socket
    private void init() {
        textView_content.setText("客户端已启动，正在等待连接...\n");
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                //1.得到本地蓝牙设备的默认适配器
                bluetooth=BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
                //2.通过本地蓝牙设备得到远程蓝牙设备
                device=bluetooth.getRemoteDevice("22:22:4E:6E:59:86");
                //3.根据UUID创建并返回一个BoluetoothSocket
                try {
                    socket=device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString("00000000-2527-eef3-ffff-ffffe3160865"));
                    if (socket!=null)
                    {
                        // 连接
                        socket.connect();
                        //处理客户端输出流
                        out=new PrintStream(socket.getOutputStream());
                        in=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));

                    }
                    handler.sendEmptyMessage(CONN_SUCCESS);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    Message msg=handler.obtainMessage(CONN_FAIL,e.getLocalizedMessage());
                    handler.sendMessage(msg);

                }

            }
        }).start();
    }

    //防止内存泄漏 正确的使用方法
    private final MyHandler handler = new MyHandler(this);

    public  class MyHandler extends Handler {
        //软引用
        WeakReference<ClientBluetoothActivity> weakReference;

        public MyHandler(ClientBluetoothActivity activity) {
            weakReference = new WeakReference<ClientBluetoothActivity>(activity);
        }

        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            ClientBluetoothActivity activity = weakReference.get();
            if (activity != null) {
                switch (msg.what) {
                    case RECEIVER_INFO:
                        setInfo(msg.obj.toString() + "\n");
                        break;
                    case SET_EDITTEXT_NULL:
                        editText_info.setText("");
                        break;
                    case CONN_SUCCESS:
                        setInfo("连接成功！\n");
                        button_send.setEnabled(true);
                        System.out.println("name"+device.getName());
                        System.out.println("Uuids"+device.getUuids());
                        System.out.println("Address"+device.getAddress());
                        new Thread(new ReceiverInfoThread()).start();
                        break;
                    case CONN_FAIL:
                        setInfo("连接失败！\n");
                        setInfo(msg.obj.toString() + "\n");
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }
            }
        }
    }


    private boolean isReceiver=true;
    //接收信息的线程
    class ReceiverInfoThread implements Runnable {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            String info=null;
            while (isReceiver)
            {
                try {
                    System.out.println("--ReceiverInfoThread start --");
                    info=in.readLine();
                    System.out.println("--ReceiverInfoThread read --");
                    Message msg=handler.obtainMessage(RECEIVER_INFO,info);
                    handler.sendMessage(msg);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }


    public void sendClick(View v)
    {
        final String content=editText_info.getText().toString();
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(content))
        {
            Toast.makeText(ClientBluetoothActivity.this,"不能发送空消息",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            return;
        }
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                out.println(content);
                out.flush();
                handler.sendEmptyMessage(SET_EDITTEXT_NULL);
            }
        }).start();
    }
    private void setInfo(String info)
    {
        StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
        sb.append(textView_content.getText());
        sb.append(info);
        textView_content.setText(sb);
    }
}

主界面

<Button
        android:id="@+id/button_open"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_marginStart="0dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="0dp"
        android:onClick="openBlueToothClick"
        android:text="打开蓝牙设备" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button2_close"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button_open"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
        android:layout_marginStart="0dp"
        android:onClick="closeBlueToothClick"
        android:layout_marginTop="25dp"
        android:text="关闭蓝牙设备" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button3_scan"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button2_close"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
        android:layout_marginStart="0dp"
        android:onClick="scanClick"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:text="搜索蓝牙设备" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button4_server"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button3_scan"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
        android:layout_marginStart="0dp"
        android:onClick="serverClick"
        android:layout_marginTop="18dp"
        android:text="服务器端" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button5_client"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="58dp"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button4_server"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
        android:layout_marginStart="0dp"
        android:onClick="clientClick"
        android:layout_marginTop="12dp"
        android:text="客户端" />

客户端的界面设置

 <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:text=""
        android:id="@+id/textView_content"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
        android:layout_above="@+id/editText_info"
        android:layout_below="@+id/textView" />

    <EditText
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/editText_info"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
        android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/button_send"
        android:layout_toStartOf="@+id/button_send" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="send"
        android:id="@+id/button_send"
        android:onClick="sendClick"
        android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/editText_info"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_alignParentEnd="true" />

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
        android:text="客户端"
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

服务器端的界面设置

 <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:text=""
        android:id="@+id/textView_content"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
        android:layout_above="@+id/editText_info"
        android:layout_below="@+id/textView" />

    <EditText
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/editText_info"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
        android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/button_send"
        android:layout_toStartOf="@+id/button_send" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="send"
        android:id="@+id/button_send"
        android:onClick="sendClick"
        android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/editText_info"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_alignParentEnd="true" />

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
        android:text="服务器端"
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />