SQL经典44到面试题+表数据

sql面试题，需要给位不断补充。

01 建表语句

create table Student(sid varchar(10),sname varchar(10),sage datetime,ssex nvarchar(10));
insert into Student values(‘01’ , ‘赵雷’ , ‘1990-01-01’ , ‘男’);
insert into Student values(‘02’ , ‘钱电’ , ‘1990-12-21’ , ‘男’);
insert into Student values(‘03’ , ‘孙风’ , ‘1990-05-20’ , ‘男’);
insert into Student values(‘04’ , ‘李云’ , ‘1990-08-06’ , ‘男’);
insert into Student values(‘05’ , ‘周梅’ , ‘1991-12-01’ , ‘女’);
insert into Student values(‘06’ , ‘吴兰’ , ‘1992-03-01’ , ‘女’);
insert into Student values(‘07’ , ‘郑竹’ , ‘1989-07-01’ , ‘女’);
insert into Student values(‘08’ , ‘王菊’ , ‘1990-01-20’ , ‘女’);
create table Course(cid varchar(10),cname varchar(10),tid varchar(10));
insert into Course values(‘01’ , ‘语文’ , ‘02’);
insert into Course values(‘02’ , ‘数学’ , ‘01’);
insert into Course values(‘03’ , ‘英语’ , ‘03’);
create table Teacher(tid varchar(10),tname varchar(10));
insert into Teacher values(‘01’ , ‘张三’);
insert into Teacher values(‘02’ , ‘李四’);
insert into Teacher values(‘03’ , ‘王五’);
create table SC(sid varchar(10),cid varchar(10),score decimal(18,1));
insert into SC values(‘01’ , ‘01’ , 80);
insert into SC values(‘01’ , ‘02’ , 90);
insert into SC values(‘01’ , ‘03’ , 99);
insert into SC values(‘02’ , ‘01’ , 70);
insert into SC values(‘02’ , ‘02’ , 60);
insert into SC values(‘02’ , ‘03’ , 80);
insert into SC values(‘03’ , ‘01’ , 80);
insert into SC values(‘03’ , ‘02’ , 80);
insert into SC values(‘03’ , ‘03’ , 80);
insert into SC values(‘04’ , ‘01’ , 50);
insert into SC values(‘04’ , ‘02’ , 30);
insert into SC values(‘04’ , ‘03’ , 20);
insert into SC values(‘05’ , ‘01’ , 76);
insert into SC values(‘05’ , ‘02’ , 87);
insert into SC values(‘06’ , ‘01’ , 31);
insert into SC values(‘06’ , ‘03’ , 34);
insert into SC values(‘07’ , ‘02’ , 89);
insert into SC values(‘07’ , ‘03’ , 98);

02 表结构预览

–学生表 Student(SId,Sname,Sage,Ssex) --SId 学生编号,Sname 学生姓名,Sage 出生年月,Ssex 学生性别 --课程表 Course(CId,Cname,TId) --CId 课程编号,Cname 课程名称,TId 教师编号 --教师表 Teacher(TId,Tname) --TId 教师编号,Tname 教师姓名

1. 查询“01”课程比“02”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号；
select distinct t1.sid
(select * from sc where cid=‘01’)t1
left join
(select * from sc where cid=‘02’)t2
on t1.sid=t2.sid
where t1.score>t2.score

2. 查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩；
select
sid
,avg(score)
from sc
group by sid
having avg(score)>60

3. 查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩
select
student.sid as sid
,sname
,count(distinct cid) course_cnt
,sum(score) as total_score
from student
left join sc
on student.sid=sc.sid
group by sid

4. 查询姓“李”的老师的个数；
select
count(distinct tid) as teacher_cnt
from teacher
where tname like ‘李%’

5. 查询没学过“张三”老师课的同学的学号、姓名；
select
sid,sname
from student
where sid not in
(
select
sc.sid
from teacher
left join course
on teacher.tid=course.tid
left join sc
on course.cid=sc.cid
where teacher.tname=‘张三’

6. 查询学过“01”并且也学过编号“02”课程的同学的学号、姓名；
select
t.sid as sid
,sname
from
(
select
sid
,count(if(cid=‘01’,score,null)) as count1
,count(if(cid=‘02’,score,null)) as count2
from sc
group by sid
having count1>0 and count2>0
)t
left join student
on t.sid=student.sid
或者：
select st.sid,st.sname
from student st
where st.sid not in (select sid from sc left join
course c on sc.cid=c.cid left join teacher t on
c.tid=t.tid where t.tname=‘张三’);

7. 查询学过“张三”老师所教的课的同学的学号、姓名；
select
student.sid
,sname
from
(
select
distinct cid
from course
left join teacher
on course.tid=teacher.tid
where teacher.tname=‘张三’
)course
left join sc
on course.cid=sc.cid
left join student
on sc.sid=student.sid

8. 查询课程编号“01”的成绩比课程编号“02”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名；
select
t1.sid,sname
from
(
select distinct t1.sid as sid
from
(select * from sc where cid=‘01’)t1
left join
(select * from sc where cid=‘02’)t2
on t1.sid=t2.sid
where t1.score>t2.score
)t1
left join student
on t1.sid=student.sid

9. 查询所有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名；
select s.sid,s.sname
from student s
where s.sid in
(select sid
from sc
group by sid
having max(score)<60);
或者：
select
t1.sid,sname
from
(
select
sid,max(score)
from sc
group by sid
having max(score<60)
)t1
left join student
on t1.sid=student.sid

10. 查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名；
select s.sid,sname
from student s
where s.sid in (
select sid
from sc
group by sid
having count(cid)<(select count(distinct cid) from sc));

11. 查询至少有一门课与学号为“01”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名；
select s.sid,s.sname
from student s
where s.sid in
(select distinct sid
from sc
where cid in
(select cid from sc where sid=‘01’)) and s.sid<>01;

12. 查询和"01"号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的学号和姓名
select s.sid,s.sname
from student s
where s.sid in
(select sc.sid
from (select cid from sc where sid=01) t1 left join sc on t1.cid=sc.cid
group by sid
having count(*)=(select count(cid) from sc where sid=01))
and s.sid<>01;

14. 查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
select
sname
from student
where sid not in
(
select
distinct sid
from sc
left join course
on sc.cid=course.cid
left join teacher
on course.tid=teacher.tid
where tname=‘张三’
)

15. 查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号，姓名及其平均成绩
select t1.sid,s.sname,avg_score
from (select sid,avg(score) as avg_score
from sc
group by sid
having sum(score<60)>=2) t1
left join
student s on t1.sid=s.sid;

16. 检索"01"课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的学生信息
select * from (
select sid,score
from sc
where cid=01 and score<60
order by score desc) t1
left join student s on t1.sid=s.sid;

18. 查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，课程name，最高分，最低分，平均分，及格率¶
select sc.cid,cname,max(score) as ‘最高分’,min(score) as ‘最低分’,avg(score) as ‘平均分’,count(case when score>=60 then sid else null end)/count(sid) as ‘及格率’
from sc left join
course on sc.cid=course.cid
group by sc.cid;

19. 按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序
select
cid
,avg(score) as avg_score
,count(if(score>=60,sid,null))/count(sid) as pass_rate
from sc
group by cid
order by avg_score,pass_rate desc

20. 查询学生的总成绩并进行排名
select
sid
,sum(score) as sum_score
from sc
group by sid
order by sum_score desc

21. 查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示
select
tid
,avg(score) as avg_score
from course
left join sc
on course.cid=sc.cid
group by tid
order by avg_score desc

22. 查询所有课程的成绩第2名到第3名的学生信息及该课程成绩
select
sid,rank_num,score,cid
from
(
select
rank() over(partition by cid order by score desc) as rank_num
,sid
,score
,cid
from sc
)t
where rank_num in (2,3)

23. 统计各科成绩各分数段人数：课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[0-60]及所占百分比¶
select
sc.cid
,cname
,count(if(score between 85 and 100,sid,null))/count(sid)
,count(if(score between 70 and 85,sid,null))/count(sid)
,count(if(score between 60 and 70,sid,null))/count(sid)
,count(if(score between 0 and 60,sid,null))/count(sid)
from sc
left join course
on sc.cid=course.cid
group by sc.cid,cname

24. 查询学生平均成绩及其名次
select
sid
,avg_score
,rank() over (order by avg_score desc)
from
(
select
sid
,avg(score) as avg_score
from sc
group by sid
)t

25. 查询各科成绩前三名的记录
select
sid,cid,rank1from
(
select
cid
,sid
,rank() over(partition by cid order by score desc) as rank1
from sc
)twhere rank1<=3

36. 查询每门功课成绩最好的前两名
select
cid,sid,rank1
from
(
select
cid
,sid
,rank() over(partition by cid order by score desc) as rank1
from sc
)t
where rank1 <=2

39. 查询选修了全部课程的学生信息
select
sid
,count(cid)
from sc
group by sid
having count(cid)=(select count(distinct cid) from sc)

40. 查询各学生的年龄
select
sid,sname,year(curdate())-year(sage) as sage
from student