lettershell移植引发硬件错误小记

起因

移植lettershell后在gcc的ld文件中加入指令表的起始和结束符号

  .rodata :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    *(.rodata)         /* .rodata sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
    *(.rodata*)        /* .rodata* sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
    _shell_command_start = .;
    KEEP (*(shellCommand))
    _shell_command_end = .;
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } >FLASH

经过

代码编译没问题，一开始也能正常跑，但是增加了一段新代码后直接硬件中断报错，使用cmBacktrace追踪到报错地：shellInit->shellSeekCommand->strcmp错误类型为precise data access violation即精确的总线访问错误，可能为访问地址出错导致，增加打印信息发现打印的数据有空指针并且shellSeekCommand中判断按键类型理应进的都没进，查看map如下：

                0x0000000008009446                _shell_command_start = .
 *(shellCommand)
 *fill*         0x0000000008009446        0x2 
 shellCommand   0x0000000008009448       0x20 ./User/Component/litter-shell/port/shell_port.o
                0x0000000008009448                shellCommandreboot
                0x0000000008009458                shellCommandscanT
 shellCommand   0x0000000008009468       0x20 ./User/Component/litter-shell/src/log.o
                0x0000000008009468                shellCommandhexdump
                0x0000000008009478                shellCommandlogSetLevel
 shellCommand   0x0000000008009488      0x120 ./User/Component/litter-shell/src/shell.o
                0x0000000008009488                shellCommandclear
                0x0000000008009498                shellCommandkeys
                0x00000000080094a8                shellCommandvars
                0x00000000080094b8                shellCommandcmds
                0x00000000080094c8                shellCommandusers
                0x00000000080094d8                shellCommandhelp
                0x00000000080094e8                shellKey0x0D000000
                0x00000000080094f8                shellKey0x0A000000
                0x0000000008009508                shellKey0x1B5B337E
                0x0000000008009518                shellKey0x7F000000
                0x0000000008009528                shellKey0x08000000
                0x0000000008009538                shellKey0x09000000
                0x0000000008009548                shellKey0x1B5B4400
                0x0000000008009558                shellKey0x1B5B4300
                0x0000000008009568                shellKey0x1B5B4200
                0x0000000008009578                shellKey0x1B5B4100
                0x0000000008009588                shellCommandsetVar
                0x0000000008009598                shellUserDefault
                0x00000000080095a8                _shell_command_end = .
                0x00000000080095a8                . = ALIGN (0x4)

可以看到我的第一个指令的地址为0x0000000008009448与0x0000000008009446差了2，相当于使变量都偏移了两个字节导致处理的时候地址错乱了

解决

修改下ld文件：确保**_shell_command_start**地址在四字节位置上

  .rodata :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    _shell_command_start = .;
    KEEP (*(shellCommand))
    _shell_command_end = .;
    *(.rodata)         /* .rodata sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
    *(.rodata*)        /* .rodata* sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } >FLASH

总结

直接对地址操作的时候注意字节对齐和补齐的问题