rabbitmq工作模式详解之工作队列模式-work queues

rabbitmq工作模式详解之工作队列模式-work queues

工作队列模式：一个生产者，多个消费者（可以选择竞争模式或者公平模式）

可以不选择交换机，使用默认交换机，我这里使用topic交换机

package com.gitee.small.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class TopicRabbitConfig {

    //绑定键
    public final static String DOG = "topic.dog";


    /**
     * Queue构造函数参数说明
     * new Queue(SMS_QUEUE, true);
     * 1. 队列名
     * 2. 是否持久化 true：持久化 false：不持久化
     */


    @Bean
    public Queue firstQueue() {
        return new Queue(TopicRabbitConfig.DOG);
    }

    @Bean
    public TopicExchange exchange() {
        return new TopicExchange("topicExchange");
    }

    /**
     * 将firstQueue和topicExchange绑定,而且绑定的键值为topic.dog
     * 这样只要是消息携带的路由键是topic.dog,才会分发到该队列
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding bindingExchangeMessage() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(firstQueue()).to(exchange()).with(DOG);
    }

}

通过rabbitTemplate发送消息，topicExchange是指定交换机，topic.dog是上面交换机绑定的路由，不是队列名称

rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topicExchange","topic.dog","工作队列模式测试");

指定两个监听器消费当前队列，设置竞争模式，由于我在一个工程里写了两个监听器，所以不要重复调用channel.basicAck方法手动确认消息，直接采用默认的自动确认消息即可

package com.gitee.small.rabbitmq;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import lombok.SneakyThrows;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@Component
@Slf4j
public class RabbitReceiver {

    @SneakyThrows
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(name = "topic.dog"),
            exchange = @Exchange(value = "bindingExchangeMessage", type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC)
    ))
    public void process(String msg, Channel channel, Message message) {
        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
        channel.basicQos(1);
        log.info("dog1-收到消息：{}", msg);
//        // 手动确认消息，但是不可重复确认，因为本示例中有两个监听器，所以手动确认这行代码注释掉
//        channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(),false);
    }

    @SneakyThrows
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(name = "topic.dog"),
            exchange = @Exchange(value = "bindingExchangeMessage", type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC)
    ))
    public void process2(String msg, Channel channel, Message message) {
        channel.basicQos(1);
        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
        log.info("dog2-收到消息：{}", msg);
//        // 手动确认消息，但是不可重复确认，因为本示例中有两个监听器，所以手动确认这行代码注释掉
//        channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(),false);
    }
}

结果示例

2023-01-10 14:00:18.166  INFO 8676 --- [ntContainer#0-1] com.gitee.small.rabbitmq.RabbitReceiver  : dog1-收到消息：工作队列模式测试0
2023-01-10 14:00:19.175  INFO 8676 --- [ntContainer#1-1] com.gitee.small.rabbitmq.RabbitReceiver  : dog2-收到消息：工作队列模式测试1
2023-01-10 14:00:19.196  INFO 8676 --- [ntContainer#0-1] com.gitee.small.rabbitmq.RabbitReceiver  : dog1-收到消息：工作队列模式测试2
2023-01-10 14:00:20.222  INFO 8676 --- [ntContainer#0-1] com.gitee.small.rabbitmq.RabbitReceiver  : dog1-收到消息：工作队列模式测试4
2023-01-10 14:00:21.196  INFO 8676 --- [ntContainer#1-1] com.gitee.small.rabbitmq.RabbitReceiver  : dog2-收到消息：工作队列模式测试3
2023-01-10 14:00:21.248  INFO 8676 --- [ntContainer#0-1] com.gitee.small.rabbitmq.RabbitReceiver  : dog1-收到消息：工作队列模式测试6
2023-01-10 14:00:23.222  INFO 8676 --- [ntContainer#1-1] com.gitee.small.rabbitmq.RabbitReceiver  : dog2-收到消息：工作队列模式测试5