request的请求转发和共享数据

1.请求转发

定义：一种在服务器内部的资源跳转的方式。
具体步骤：
1 通过request对象获取请求转发器对象：RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(String path)
2.使用RequestDispatcher对象来进行转发:forward(ServletRequest request,ServletResponse response)

例子如下：
Requestdemo8.java

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/requested8")
public class Requestdemo8 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("demo8被访问了");
        //转发到demo9资源

//        RequestDispatcher requestDispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("/requested9");
//        requestDispatcher.forward(request,response);

        request.getRequestDispatcher("/requested9").forward(request,response);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //get  获取请求参数

        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

Requestdemo9.java

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/requested9")
public class Requestdemo9 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("demo9被访问了");
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //get  获取请求参数

        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

结果如下：

demo8被访问了
demo9被访问了

总结：
1.浏览器地址栏路径不发生变化
2.只能转发到当前服务器内部资源中
3.转发是一次请求

2.共享数据

要知道共享数据首先要知道什么是域对象和request域
域对象定义：一个有作用范围的对象，可以在范围内共享数据
request域:代表一次请求的范围，一般用于请求转发的多个资源共享数据

方法：
1void setAttribute(String name,Object obj)：存储数据
2.Object getAttribute(Striong name):通过键获取值
3.removeAttribute(String name):通过键移除键值对

具体示例：
Requestdemo8.java

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/requested8")
public class Requestdemo8 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("demo8被访问了");
        
        //存储数据到request域中
        request.setAttribute("msg","hello");

        request.getRequestDispatcher("/requested9").forward(request,response);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //get  获取请求参数

        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

Requestdemo9.java

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/requested9")
public class Requestdemo9 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        //获取数据
        Object msg = request.getAttribute("msg");
        System.out.println(msg);

        System.out.println("demo9被访问了");
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //get  获取请求参数

        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

结果：

demo8被访问了
hello
demo9被访问了