spring依赖注入

spring依赖注入

1、构造器注入

2、set方式注入（重点）

2.1 依赖注入：Set注入！

• 依赖：bean对象的创建依赖于容器

• 注入：bean对象中的所有属性，有容器注入

2.2 环境搭建

• 复杂类型

public class Address {
    private String address;

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
}

• 测试对象

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private Address address;
    private String[] books;
    private List<String> hobbys;
    private Map<String,String> card;
    private String wife;
    private Set<String> games;
    private Properties info;
}

• bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="student" class="com.cherry.pojo.Student">
        <!--第一种：普通注入-->
        <property name="name" value="cherry"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

• 测试类

public class MyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        Student student = (Student) context.getBean("student");
        System.out.println(student.getAddress());

2.3 完善注入信息

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id = "address" class="com.cherry.pojo.Address"/>
    <bean id="student" class="com.cherry.pojo.Student">
        <!--第一种：普通注入-->
        <property name="name" value="nyy"/>

        <!--第二种：bean注入-->
        <property name="address" ref="address"/>

        <!--数组注入-->
        <property name="books">
            <array>
                <value>红楼梦</value>
                <value>三国演义</value>
                <value>西游记</value>
            </array>
        </property>

        <!--List注入-->
        <property name="hobbys">
            <list>
                <value>听歌</value>
                <value>跑步</value>
                <value>游泳</value>
            </list>
        </property>

        <!--Map注入-->
        <property name="card">
            <map>
                <entry key="身份证" value="1324444"/>
                <entry key="银行卡" value="123456774"/>
            </map>
        </property>

        <!--Set注入-->
        <property name="games">
            <set>
                <value>LOL</value>
                <value>BOB</value>
            </set>
        </property>

        <!--null注入-->
        <property name="wife">
            <null></null>
        </property>

        <!--Properties注入-->
        <property name="info">
            <props>
                <prop key="studentname">2017124008</prop>
                <prop key="url">男</prop>
                <prop key="username">小明</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

3、拓展方式注入

使用P命名空间或c命名空间注入

https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/reference/html/core.html#beans-c-namespace

• 使用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!--p命名空间注入,可以直接注入属性的值（无参构造）：property-->
    <bean id="user" class="com.cherry.pojo.User" p:name="cherry" p:age="18"/>

    <!--c命名空间注入,通过构造器注入，（有参构造+无参构造），construct-arg-->
    <bean id="user2" class="com.cherry.pojo.User" c:name="cherry" c:age="19"/>

</beans>

• 测试

@Test
        public void test2(){
            ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("userbean.xml");
            User user = context.getBean("user2",User.class);
            System.out.println(user);
        }

注：p命名空间和c命名空间都必须导入xml约束！！！

xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"