IOC注解

IOC注解

• 注解是代码的特殊标标记,格式: @注解名称(属性名称=属性值,属性名=属性值)
• 注解可以在类,属性,方法的上边
• 使用注解的目的是 : 简化XMl配置

Spring针对Bean管理中创建对象提供的注解

• 1.@Component
• 2.@Service
• 3.@Controller
• 4.@Repository
• 上面四个注解功能是一样,都可以用来创建bean实例

实际使用

• 引入aop依赖
• 开启组件扫描

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-context.xsd">
    <!-- 开启组件扫描 -->
    <!-- 1.如果扫描多个包,用逗号隔开  2.扫描其上层目录  -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="bean1,Test"></context:component-scan>
</beans>

• 编写代码

// 注解中的value可以不写,如果不写默,则认为首字母小写,即为userService
//@Component(value = "userservice")
@Service
public class UserService {

    public void addUser(){
        System.out.println("添加用户");
    }

}


public class Test1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("XML/bean1.xml");
        UserService service = applicationContext.getBean("userService",UserService.class);
        System.out.println(service);
        service.addUser();
    }

}

• 输出

srevice.UserService@33b37288
添加用户

基于注解方式的属性注入(要注意xml中的扫描是否扫描到了所有注解)

• @AutoWired : 根据属性类型自动装配

@Repository
public class UserDaoIMpl implements UserDao{
   @Override
   public void adduser() {
       System.out.println("userDao add");
   }
}

@Service
public class UserService {

   @Autowired
   private UserDao userdao;

   public void addUser(){
       userdao.adduser();
       System.out.println("添加用户");
   }

}

• @Qualifer : 根据属性名称进行注入(必须配合@Autowired使用)

@Service
public class UserService {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier(value = "userDaoIMpl")
    private UserDao userdao;

    public void addUser(){
        userdao.adduser();
        System.out.println("添加用户");
    }

}

• @Resource : 可以根据类型注入,也可以根据名称注入

@Service
public class UserService {

//    @Autowired
//    @Qualifier(value = "userDaoIMpl")
//    @Resource
    @Resource(name = "userDaoIMpl")
    private UserDao userdao;

    public void addUser(){
        userdao.adduser();
        System.out.println("添加用户");
    }

}

• @value 注入普通类型(如String)

@Service
public class UserService {

//    @Autowired
//    @Qualifier(value = "userDaoIMpl")
//    @Resource
    @Resource(name = "userDaoIMpl")
    private UserDao userdao;

    @Value(value = "你好")
    private String name;

    public void addUser(){
        userdao.adduser();
        System.out.println(this.name);
        System.out.println("添加用户");
    }

}

完全注解开发

• 创建配置类并添加@Configurable注解

@Configurable
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"srevice","dao"})
public class SpringConfig {
}

• 使用

public class Test2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
        UserService service = applicationContext.getBean("userService",UserService.class);
        System.out.println(service);
        service.addUser();
    }
}