Ukrainian National Bank May Launch National Digital Currency

Vesti Ukraine revealed that hryvnia is the current legal currency unit of Ukraine, and the National Bank of Ukraine is planning to launch a blockchain-based hryvnia, or electronic hryvnia (e- Hryvnia). However, the cryptocurrencies alike litecoin and neo coin in the country will be centrally managed and secured under the control of the Ukrainian government. It is expected that this cryptocurrency endorsed by the central bank will increase the volume of non-cash payments in Ukraine, while also reducing the cost of payment.

 

In fact, Ukraine has repeatedly proposed the idea of “national digital currency” within the framework of its cashless economy project. In January of this year, the National Bank of Ukraine issued a “electronic hryvnia” based on the blockchain.

 

According to Ukrainian National Bank officials, “Electronic hryvnia” must be linked to the country’s legal currency at a 1:1 ratio, which will prevent inflation from growing. However, the Ukrainian National Bank released a blockchain-based electronic hryvnia that is still in the planning stage. They said that only after a detailed analysis can they completely decide whether to introduce “electronic hryvnia” properly.

 

In addition, Vesti Ukraine also reported that Alexey Kustch, head of the Ukrainian Banking Association, believes that digital currencies like “Electronic Hryvnia” are not really cryptocurrencies. Because cryptocurrencies are anonymous and different from the digital currency endorsed by the National Central Bank, the real cryptocurrencies are multi-centric.

 

However, Alexei Kuschi pointed out that the national cryptocurrency based on the blockchain is very promising, including eth coin and ripple coin. He also added: “On the one hand, the national cryptocurrency can better protect property rights, on the other hand, it can Reduce the cost and time of cash transactions and accelerate Ukrainian currency turnover efficiency.”

 

In January of this year, Russia discussed the possibility of launching the national digital currency CryptoRuble. It is worth mentioning that the Ukrainian National Parliament recently introduced the Encrypted Assets Taxation Act, which proposes to impose a 5% tax on individuals and legal entities that conduct cryptocurrency transactions, and an 18% tax on cryptocurrency-related profits.

 

In July this year, the Ukrainian Financial Stability Board convened a meeting to determine the legal status of cryptocurrency in the country, and also called for further strengthening of cryptocurrency regulation.

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用c++解决pipeline system consists of N transfer station, some of which are connected by pipelines. For each of M pipelines the numbers of stations A[i] and B[i], which are connected by this pipeline, and its profitability C[i] are known. A profitability of a pipeline is an amount of dollars, which will be daily yielded in taxes by transferring the gas through this pipeline. Each two stations are connected by not more than one pipeline. The system was built by Soviet engineers, who knew exactly, that the gas was transferred from Ukrainian gas fields to Siberia and not the reverse. That is why the pipelines are unidirectional, i.e. each pipeline allows gas transfer from the station number A[i] to the station number B[i] only. More over, if it is possible to transfer the gas from the station X to the station Y (perhaps, through some intermediate stations), then the reverse transfer from Y to X is impossible. It is known that the gas arrives to the starting station number S and should be dispatched to the buyers on the final station number F. The President ordered the Government to find a route (i.e. a linear sequence of stations which are connected by pipelines) to transfer the gas from the starting to the final station. A profitability of this route should be maximal. A profitability of a route is a total profitability of its pipelines. Unfortunately, the President did not consider that some pipelines ceased to exist long ago, and, as a result, the gas transfer between the starting and the final stations may appear to be impossible... Input The first line contains the integer numbers N (2 ≤ N ≤ 500) and M (0 ≤ M ≤ 124750). Each of the next M lines contains the integer numbers A[i], B[i] (1 ≤ A[i], B[i] ≤ N) and C[i] (1 ≤ C[i] ≤ 10000) for the corresponding pipeline. The last line contains the integer numbers S and F (1 ≤ S, F ≤ N; S ≠ F). Output If the desired route exists, you should output its profitability. Otherwise you should output "No solution".
05-28
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