一个处理该问题的最佳方式是扩展Django的FileFiled字段,在创建模型时直接设置可以接受的文件类型,并限定可以上传的文件的最大尺寸
首先在你APP文件夹内新建fields.py, 并添加如下代码(来自stackoverflow)。新扩展的FileField叫RestrictedFileField
继承了FileField类,并包含了额外的两个可选参数: 可接受的内容类型content_types和max_upload_size最大上传尺寸(比如5242880=5MB)
from django.db.models import FileField
from django.forms import forms
from django.template.defaultfilters import filesizeformat
class RestrictedFileField(FileField):
""" max_upload_size:
2.5MB - 2621440
5MB - 5242880
10MB - 10485760
20MB - 20971520
50MB - 5242880
100MB 104857600
250MB - 214958080
500MB - 429916160
"""
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.content_types = kwargs.pop("content_types", [])
self.max_upload_size = kwargs.pop("max_upload_size", [])
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
def clean(self, *args, **kwargs):
data = super().clean(*args, **kwargs)
file = data.file
try:
content_type = file.content_type
if content_type in self.content_types:
if file.size > self.max_upload_size:
raise forms.ValidationError('Please keep filesize under {}. Current filesize {}'
.format(filesizeformat(self.max_upload_size), filesizeformat(file.size)))
else:
raise forms.ValidationError('This file type is not allowed.')
except AttributeError:
pass
return data
如何使用扩展后的RestrictedFileField
该字段可以用于文件,也可以用于图片。与ImageField和FileField相比,它多了content_types和max_upload_size选项
from django.db import models
from .fields import RestrictedFileField
class File(models.Model):
file = RestrictedFileField(upload_to=user_directory_path, max_length=100,
content_types=['application/pdf', 'application/excel', 'application/msword',
'text/plain', 'text/csv', 'application/zip'], max_upload_size=5242880)
class Image(models.Model):
file = RestrictedFileField(upload_to=user_directory_path, max_length=100,
content_types=['image/jpeg', 'image/gif', 'image/gif', 'image/bmp', 'image/tiff'], max_upload_size=5242880,)