1. 显示所有员工信息
1.1. 根据以下步骤创建 springmvc 工程
1. 创建 springmvc - 2 动态 web 工程
最终的工程目录：
2. 导入 jar 包
具体 jar 包如下图
3. 配置 web.xml 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<!-- 配置 org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter: 可以把 POST
请求转为 DELETE 或 POST 请求 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 配置 DispatcherServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 配置 DispatcherServlet 的一个初始化参数: 配置 SpringMVC 配置文件的位置和名称 -->
<!-- 实际上也可以不通过 contextConfigLocation 来配置 SpringMVC 的配置文件, 而使用默认的. 默认的配置文件为:
/WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-servlet.xml -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
4. 配置 SpringMVC 配置文件 springmvc.xml(勾上 beans，context，mvc 三个命名空间)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="www.xq.springmvc"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
5. 创建视图 index.jsp 以及 views 文件夹
1.2. 实现具体功能
1. 创建实体类
Employee.java
package www.xq.springmvc.crud.entities;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.validation.constraints.Past;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.NumberFormat;
public class Employee {
private Integer id;
@NotEmpty
private String lastName;
@Email
private String email;
//1 male, 0 female
private Integer gender;
private Department department;
@Past
@DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
private Date birth;
@NumberFormat(pattern="#,###,###.#")
private Float salary;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public Integer getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(Integer gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public Department getDepartment() {
return department;
}
public void setDepartment(Department department) {
this.department = department;
}
public Date getBirth() {
return birth;
}
public void setBirth(Date birth) {
this.birth = birth;
}
public Float getSalary() {
return salary;
}
public void setSalary(Float salary) {
this.salary = salary;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email="
+ email + ", gender=" + gender + ", department=" + department
+ ", birth=" + birth + ", salary=" + salary + "]";
}
public Employee(Integer id, String lastName, String email, Integer gender,
Department department) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.lastName = lastName;
this.email = email;
this.gender = gender;
this.department = department;
}
public Employee() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
}
Department.java
package www.xq.springmvc.crud.entities;
public class Department {
private Integer id;
private String departmentName;
public Department() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public Department(int i, String string) {
this.id = i;
this.departmentName = string;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getDepartmentName() {
return departmentName;
}
public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) {
this.departmentName = departmentName;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Department [id=" + id + ", departmentName=" + departmentName
+ "]";
}
}
2. 创建 dao 接口
EmployeeDao
package www.xq.springmvc.crud.dao;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import www.xq.springmvc.crud.entities.Department;
import www.xq.springmvc.crud.entities.Employee;
@Repository
public class EmployeeDao {
private static Map<Integer, Employee> employees = null;
@Autowired
private DepartmentDao departmentDao;
static{
employees = new HashMap<Integer, Employee>();
employees.put(1001, new Employee(1001, "E-AA", "aa@163.com", 1, new Department(101, "D-AA")));
employees.put(1002, new Employee(1002, "E-BB", "bb@163.com", 1, new Department(102, "D-BB")));
employees.put(1003, new Employee(1003, "E-CC", "cc@163.com", 0, new Department(103, "D-CC")));
employees.put(1004, new Employee(1004, "E-DD", "dd@163.com", 0, new Department(104, "D-DD")));
employees.put(1005, new Employee(1005, "E-EE", "ee@163.com", 1, new Department(105, "D-EE")));
}
private static Integer initId = 1006;
public void save(Employee employee){
if(employee.getId() == null){
employee.setId(initId++);
}
employee.setDepartment(departmentDao.getDepartment(employee.getDepartment().getId()));
employees.put(employee.getId(), employee);
}
public Collection<Employee> getAll(){
return employees.values();
}
public Employee get(Integer id){
return employees.get(id);
}
public void delete(Integer id){
employees.remove(id);
}
}
DepartmentDao
package www.xq.springmvc.crud.dao;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import www.xq.springmvc.crud.entities.Department;
@Repository
public class DepartmentDao {
private static Map<Integer, Department> departments = null;
static{
departments = new HashMap<Integer, Department>();
departments.put(101, new Department(101, "D-AA"));
departments.put(102, new Department(102, "D-BB"));
departments.put(103, new Department(103, "D-CC"));
departments.put(104, new Department(104, "D-DD"));
departments.put(105, new Department(105, "D-EE"));
}
public Collection<Department> getDepartments(){
return departments.values();
}
public Department getDepartment(Integer id){
return departments.get(id);
}
}
3. 创建请求处理器类 EmployeeHandler
package www.xq.springmvc.crud.handlers;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import www.xq.springmvc.crud.dao.EmployeeDao;
@Controller
public class EmployeeHandler {
@Autowired
private EmployeeDao employeeDao;
@RequestMapping("/emps")
public String list(Map<String, Object> map){
map.put("employees", employeeDao.getAll());
return "list";
}
}
4. 添加视图
indx.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="emps">List All Employees</a>
<br><br>
</body>
</html>
list.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<c:if test="${empty requestScope.employees }">
没有任何员工信息.
</c:if>
<c:if test="${!empty requestScope.employees }">
<table border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>LastName</th>
<th>Email</th>
<th>Gender</th>
<th>Department</th>
<th>Edit</th>
<th>Delete</th>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${requestScope.employees }" var="emp">
<tr>
<td>${emp.id }</td>
<td>${emp.lastName }</td>
<td>${emp.email }</td>
<td>${emp.gender == 0 ? 'Female' : 'Male' }</td>
<td>${emp.department.departmentName }</td>
<td><a href="emp/${emp.id}">Edit</a></td>
<td><a class="delete" href="emp/${emp.id}">Delete</a></td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</c:if>
<br><br>
</body>
</html>
1.3. 运行结果
2. 添加操作 & 表单标签
2.1. 添加操作
1. 视图设计
list.jsp 添加
<br><br>
<a href="emp">Add New Employee</a>
input.jsp
<%@page import="java.util.HashMap"%>
<%@page import="java.util.Map"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<!--
1. WHY 使用 form 标签呢 ?
可以更快速的开发出表单页面, 而且可以更方便的进行表单值的回显
2. 注意:
可以通过 modelAttribute 属性指定绑定的模型属性,
若没有指定该属性，则默认从 request 域对象中读取 command 的表单 bean
如果该属性值也不存在，则会发生错误。
-->
<br>
<form:form action="emp" method="POST" modelAttribute="employee">
<!-- path 属性对应 html 表单标签的 name 属性值 -->
LastName: <form:input path="lastName" />
<br>
Email: <form:input path="email" />
<br>
<%
Map<String, String> genders = new HashMap();
genders.put("1", "Male");
genders.put("0", "Female");
request.setAttribute("genders", genders);
%>
<br>
Gender:
<br>
<form:radiobuttons path="gender" items="${genders }" delimiter="<br>" />
<br>
Department:
<form:select path="department.id" items="${departments }"
itemLabel="departmentName" itemValue="id"></form:select>
<br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</form:form>
</body>
</html>
2. 请求处理器 EmployeeHandler 添加业务方法
@Autowired
private DepartmentDao departmentDao;
@RequestMapping(value="/emp",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String save(Employee employee) {
employeeDao.save(employee);
return "redirect:/emps";
}
@RequestMapping(value="/emp", method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String input(Map<String, Object> map){
map.put("departments", departmentDao.getDepartments());
map.put("employee", new Employee());
return "input";
}
3. 运行结果
|
2.2. 表单标签
- 使用 Spring 的表单标签
- 通过 SpringMVC 的表单标签可以实现将模型数据中的属性和 HTML 表单元素相绑定，以实现表单数据更便捷编辑和表单值的回显
- form 标签
- 一般情况下，通过 GET 请求获取表单页面，而通过 POST 请求提交表单页面，因此获取表单页面和提交表单页面的 URI 是相同的。只需要满足该最佳条件的契约，form:form 标签就无需通过 action 属性指定表单提交 URL
- 可以通过 modelAttribute 属性指定绑定的模型属性，若没有指定该属性，则默认从== request 域==对象中读取 command 的表单 bean，如果该属性值也不存在，则会发生错误。
- 表单标签
- SpringMVC 提供了多个表单组件标签，如 form:inout/、form:select/ 等，用以绑定表单字段的属性值，它们的共有属性如下：
- path：表单字段，对应 html 元素的 name 属性，支持级联属性
- htmlEscape：是否表单值的 HTML 特殊字符进行转换，默认值为 true
- cssClass：表单组件对应的 CSS 样式类名
- cssErrorClass：表单组件的数据存在错误时，采取的 CSS 样式
- form:input、form:password、form:hidden、form:textarea：对应 HTML 表单的 text、password、hidden、textarea 标签
- form:radiobutton：单选框组件标签，当表单 bean 对应的属性值和 value 值相等时，单选框被选中
- form:radiobuttons：单选框组标签，用于构造多个单选框
- items：可以是一个 List、String[] 或 Map
- itemValue：指定 radio 的 value 值。可以是集合中 bean 的一个属性值
- itemLabel：指定 radio 的 Label 值
- delimiter：多个单选框可以通过 delimiter 指定分隔符
- form:errors:显示表单组件或数据校验所对应的错误
- <form:errors path="*"/>：显示表单所有的错误
- <form:errors path=“user*”/>：显示所有以 user 为前缀的属性对应的错误
- <form:errors path=“username”/>：显示特定表单对象属性的错误
- SpringMVC 提供了多个表单组件标签，如 form:inout/、form:select/ 等，用以绑定表单字段的属性值，它们的共有属性如下：
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