TCP初步学习

盗图一张
最近在学TCP服务开发

先来一个最初版本的
服务端

#include "pch.h"
#include <iostream>
#include<WinSock2.h>//winsock2必须放在windows上面，因为早期的window已经实现了winsock,会引起冲突
#include<windows.h>
#include <Ws2tcpip.h>	
using namespace std;

#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32")//明确指出要用到的库
int main()
{
	WORD ver = MAKEWORD(2, 2);//版本号
	WSADATA data;//wsa数据指针
	WSAStartup(ver, &data);
	//建立套接字
	SOCKET sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);//AF_INET为网络版本号，SOCK_STREAM 网络为什么的类型,什么样一种协议的网络
	//绑定网络端口
	sockaddr_in _sin = {};
	_sin.sin_family = AF_INET;//定义绑定地址的类型为ipv4
	_sin.sin_port = htons(4567);//主机to网络
	_sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY;//主机任意ip都可以访问的
	if (SOCKET_ERROR == bind(sock, (sockaddr*)&_sin, sizeof(_sin)))
		cout << "绑定失败" << endl;
	else
		cout << "绑定成功" << endl;
	//监听端口listen
	if (SOCKET_ERROR == listen(sock, 5))//最多5人连接
		cout << "监听失败" << endl;
	else
		cout << "监听成功" << endl;
	//等待接收accept
	sockaddr_in new_client = {};
	SOCKET csock = INVALID_SOCKET;
	int claddr = sizeof(sockaddr_in);
	char msgbuf[] = "hello i am server";
	char str[100];
	while (true) {
		csock = accept(sock, (sockaddr*)&new_client, &claddr);//阻塞直到有客户端连接
		if (csock == INVALID_SOCKET)
			cout << "接收到无效客户端sock" << endl;
		inet_ntop(AF_INET, &new_client.sin_addr, str, sizeof(str));
		cout << "新客户加入"<<str<< endl;
		//向客户端发送数据
		csock = send(csock, msgbuf, strlen(msgbuf) + 1, 0);
		if (csock == SOCKET_ERROR)
			cout << "发送消息失败" << endl;
		else
			cout << "发送消息成功" << endl;
	}
	//关闭自身
	closesocket(sock);
	WSACleanup();
	return 0;
}

客户端的

#include"pch.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<WinSock2.h>//winsock2必须放在windows上面，因为早期的window已经实现了winsock,会引起冲突
#include<windows.h>
#include <Ws2tcpip.h>
using namespace std;
#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32")//明确指出要用到的库
int main()
{
	WORD ver = MAKEWORD(2, 2);//版本号
	WSADATA data;//wsa数据指针
	WSAStartup(ver, &data);

	SOCKET sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
	//网络版本，面向数据流，网络协议tcp
	sockaddr_in _sin = {};
	_sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
	_sin.sin_port = htons(4567);
	inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &_sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr);
    //将127.0.0.1转换为_sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr，成功返回1
	int ret = connect(sock, (sockaddr*)&_sin, sizeof(sockaddr_in));
	if (SOCKET_ERROR == ret)
		cout << "连接失败" << endl;
	else
		cout << "连接成功" << endl;
	//接收服务器发来的信息
	char revbuf[256];
	recv(sock, revbuf, 256, 0);
	cout << "接收到服务器的信息:" << revbuf << endl;
	//关闭
	closesocket(sock);

	WSACleanup();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}