【使用Python脚本自动化文件操作：删除、重命名和内容替换】

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已于 2024-04-17 00:56:05 修改

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文章标签： python 自动化开发语言

于 2024-04-17 00:34:03 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42206726/article/details/137846143

版权

在日常工作中，处理大量文件和文件夹可能会耗费大量时间和精力。本文介绍了如何使用Python脚本来自动化这些任务，包括删除指定文件夹和文件、重命名文件夹以及替换文件内容。

主体内容：
更新240417

import os
import shutil
from zipfile import ZipFile
import re
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox

def on_rm_error(func, path, exc_info):
    """
    跳过 PermissionError 和 FileNotFoundError 错误，继续删除
    """
    import stat
    if not os.access(path, os.W_OK):
        # 将文件设为可写，以便删除
        os.chmod(path, stat.S_IWUSR)
        # 重试删除
        func(path)

def delete_folders_and_files():
    """
    删除指定的文件夹和文件，并创建一个新的文本文件。
    """
    # 要删除的文件夹列表
    folders = [
        "LOST.DIR",
        "Music",
        "Podcasts",
        "Ringtones",
        "Alarms",
        "Notifications",
        "Pictures",
        "Movies",
        "Download",
        "DCIM",
        "Documents",
        "Audiobooks",
        "Android",
        "logdata",
        "all_images"
    ]

    # 遍历文件夹列表
    for folder in folders:
        try:
            # 尝试删除文件夹及其所有内容
            shutil.rmtree(folder, onerror=on_rm_error)
            print("删除成功", f"文件夹 {folder} 及其内容已成功删除")
        except Exception as e:
            print("删除失败", f"删除文件夹 {folder} 及其内容时发生错误: {e}")

    # 删除文件
    file_to_delete = "Chery__IHU.zip"
    try:
        os.remove(file_to_delete)
        messagebox.showinfo("Deletion Successful", f"The file {file_to_delete} has been successfully deleted.")
    except Exception as e:
        messagebox.showerror("Deletion Failed", f"An error occurred while deleting the file {file_to_delete}: {e}")

    # 创建文本文件
    new_text_file = "Chery__IHU.txt"
    try:
        with open(new_text_file, 'w') as f:
            # 向文本文件中写入一些内容（如果需要的话）
            pass
        messagebox.showinfo("Creation Successful", f"A new text file has been successfully created: {new_text_file}")
    except Exception as e:
        messagebox.showerror("Creation Failed", f"An error occurred while creating a new text file: {e}")

def rename_folders_and_replace_file_content():
    """
    重命名文件夹并替换文件内容。
    """
    # 获取当前工作目录
    current_directory = os.getcwd()

    # 查找并重命名包含"AVNT_Update"的文件夹为"all_images"
    for item in os.listdir(current_directory):
        if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(current_directory, item)) and "AVNT_Update" in item:
            old_path = os.path.join(current_directory, item)
            new_path = os.path.join(current_directory, "all_images")

            # 如果"all_images"文件夹已存在，则跳过重命名
            if os.path.exists(new_path):
                messagebox.showerror("Rename Failed", f"Error: {new_path} already exists. Skipping rename.")
                break  # 假设我们只想重命名第一个匹配的文件夹
            else:
                os.rename(old_path, new_path)
                messagebox.showinfo("Rename Successful", f"{item} has been renamed to all_images")
                break  # 假设我们只想重命名第一个匹配的文件夹
    else:
        messagebox.showinfo("Rename Failed", "No folder containing 'AVNT_Update' found in the current directory.")

    # 检查"all_images"文件夹下是否存在"rawprogram4.xml"文件并执行替换操作
    all_images_path = os.path.join(current_directory, "all_images")
    rawprogram4_path = os.path.join(all_images_path, "rawprogram4.xml")

    if os.path.isfile(rawprogram4_path):
        with open(rawprogram4_path, 'r') as file:
            content = file.read()

        # 使用正则表达式替换内容
        new_content = re.sub(r'mifs_hyp_la.non_secure.img', 'mifs_hyp_la.img', content)

        with open(rawprogram4_path, 'w') as file:
            file.write(new_content)
        messagebox.showinfo("Replacement Successful", "Replaced 'mifs_hyp_la.non_secure.img' with 'mifs_hyp_la.img' in rawprogram4.xml")
    else:
        messagebox.showinfo("Replacement Failed", "rawprogram4.xml file not found in the 'all_images' folder.")

# 执行删除和重命名操作
try:
    delete_folders_and_files()
    rename_folders_and_replace_file_content()
except Exception as e:
    messagebox.showerror("Error Occurred", f"An error occurred: {e}")