透视变换_c++_nanyangjx

第一:处理步骤

1,读入图片

2,二值处理

3,形态学操作

4,轮廓发现

5,轮廓绘制

6,寻找与定位上下左右四条直线

7,拟合四条直线方程

8,四条直线交点

9,显示四个点坐标

10,透视变换

11,获取透视变换矩阵

第二:c++代码

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
	Mat src = imread("D:/gloomyfish/case5.png");
	if (src.empty()) {
		printf("could not load image...\n");
		return 0;
	}
	namedWindow("input image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("input image", src);

	// 二值处理
	Mat gray_src, binary, dst;
	cvtColor(src, gray_src, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
	threshold(gray_src, binary, 0, 255, THRESH_BINARY_INV | THRESH_OTSU);
	imshow("binary image", binary);

	// 形态学操作
	Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(5, 5), Point(-1, -1));
	morphologyEx(binary, dst, MORPH_CLOSE, kernel, Point(-1, -1), 3);
	imshow("morphology", dst);

	// 轮廓发现
	bitwise_not(dst, dst, Mat());
	vector<vector<Point>> contours;
	vector<Vec4i> hireachy;
	findContours(dst, contours, hireachy, CV_RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point());

	// 轮廓绘t制
	int width = src.cols;
	int height = src.rows;
	Mat drawImage = Mat::zeros(src.size(), CV_8UC3);
	for (size_t t = 0; t < contours.size(); t++) {
		Rect rect = boundingRect(contours[t]);
		if (rect.width > width / 2 && rect.width < width-5) {
			drawContours(drawImage, contours, static_cast<int>(t), Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2, 8, hireachy, 0, Point());
		}
	}
	imshow("contours", drawImage);

	vector<Vec4i> lines;
	Mat contoursImg;
	int accu = min(width*0.5, height*0.5);
	cvtColor(drawImage, contoursImg, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
	HoughLinesP(contoursImg, lines, 1, CV_PI / 180.0, accu, accu, 0);
	Mat linesImage = Mat::zeros(src.size(), CV_8UC3);
	for (size_t t = 0; t < lines.size(); t++) {
		Vec4i ln = lines[t];
		line(linesImage, Point(ln[0], ln[1]), Point(ln[2], ln[3]), Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2, 8, 0);
	}
	printf("number of lines : %d\n", lines.size());
	imshow("lines image", linesImage);

	// 寻找与定位上下左右四条直线
	int deltah = 0;
	Vec4i topLine, bottomLine;
	Vec4i leftLine, rightLine;
	for (int i = 0; i < lines.size(); i++) {
		Vec4i ln = lines[i];
		deltah = abs(ln[3] - ln[1]);
		if (ln[3] < height / 2.0 && ln[1] < height / 2.0 && deltah < accu - 1) {
			if (topLine[3] > ln[3] && topLine[3]>0) {
				topLine = lines[i];
			} else {
				topLine = lines[i];
			}
		}
		if (ln[3] > height / 2.0 && ln[1] > height / 2.0 && deltah < accu - 1) {
			bottomLine = lines[i];
		}
		if (ln[0] < width / 2.0 && ln[2] < width/2.0) {
			leftLine = lines[i];
		}
		if (ln[0] > width / 2.0 && ln[2] > width / 2.0) {
			rightLine = lines[i];
		}
	}
	cout << "top line : p1(x, y) = " << topLine[0] << "," << topLine[1] << " p2(x, y) = " << topLine[2] << "," << topLine[3] << endl;
	cout << "bottom line : p1(x, y) = " << bottomLine[0] << "," << bottomLine[1] << " p2(x, y) = " << bottomLine[2] << "," << bottomLine[3] << endl;
	cout << "left line : p1(x, y) = " << leftLine[0] << "," << leftLine[1] << " p2(x, y) = " << leftLine[2] << "," << leftLine[3] << endl;
	cout << "right line : p1(x, y) = " << rightLine[0] << "," << rightLine[1] << " p2(x, y) = " << rightLine[2] << "," << rightLine[3] << endl;

	// 拟合四条直线方程
	float k1, c1;
	k1 = float(topLine[3] - topLine[1]) / float(topLine[2] - topLine[0]);
	c1 = topLine[1] - k1*topLine[0];
	float k2, c2;
	k2 = float(bottomLine[3] - bottomLine[1]) / float(bottomLine[2] - bottomLine[0]);
	c2 = bottomLine[1] - k2*bottomLine[0];
	float k3, c3;
	k3 = float(leftLine[3] - leftLine[1]) / float(leftLine[2] - leftLine[0]);
	c3 = leftLine[1] - k3*leftLine[0];
	float k4, c4;
	k4 = float(rightLine[3] - rightLine[1]) / float(rightLine[2] - rightLine[0]);
	c4 = rightLine[1] - k4*rightLine[0];

	// 四条直线交点
	Point p1; // 左上角
	p1.x = static_cast<int>((c1 - c3) / (k3 - k1));
	p1.y = static_cast<int>(k1*p1.x + c1);
	Point p2; // 右上角
	p2.x = static_cast<int>((c1 - c4) / (k4 - k1));
	p2.y = static_cast<int>(k1*p2.x + c1);
	Point p3; // 左下角
	p3.x = static_cast<int>((c2 - c3) / (k3 - k2));
	p3.y = static_cast<int>(k2*p3.x + c2);
	Point p4; // 右下角
	p4.x = static_cast<int>((c2 - c4) / (k4 - k2));
	p4.y = static_cast<int>(k2*p4.x + c2);
	cout << "p1(x, y)=" << p1.x << "," << p1.y << endl;
	cout << "p2(x, y)=" << p2.x << "," << p2.y << endl;
	cout << "p3(x, y)=" << p3.x << "," << p3.y << endl;
	cout << "p4(x, y)=" << p4.x << "," << p4.y << endl;

	// 显示四个点坐标
	circle(linesImage, p1, 2, Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2, 8, 0);
	circle(linesImage, p2, 2, Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2, 8, 0);
	circle(linesImage, p3, 2, Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2, 8, 0);
	circle(linesImage, p4, 2, Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2, 8, 0);
	line(linesImage, Point(topLine[0], topLine[1]), Point(topLine[2], topLine[3]), Scalar(0, 255, 0), 2, 8, 0);
	imshow("four corners", linesImage);

	// 透视变换
	vector<Point2f> src_corners(4);
	src_corners[0] = p1;
	src_corners[1] = p2;
	src_corners[2] = p3;
	src_corners[3] = p4;

	vector<Point2f> dst_corners(4);
	dst_corners[0] = Point(0, 0);
	dst_corners[1] = Point(width, 0);
	dst_corners[2] = Point(0, height);
	dst_corners[3] = Point(width, height);

	// 获取透视变换矩阵
	Mat resultImage;
	Mat warpmatrix = getPerspectiveTransform(src_corners, dst_corners);
	warpPerspective(src, resultImage, warpmatrix, resultImage.size(), INTER_LINEAR);
	namedWindow("Final Result", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("Final Result", resultImage);

	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}