Java多线程基本操作

线程的命名

public class MyThread {
    public static void main(String[] args) { 
        Runnable runnable = ()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"---->"+i);

            }
        }; 
        Thread thread = new Thread(runnable,"thread1");
        thread.start();

        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            System.out.println("main"+i);
        }
    } 
}

线程休眠

public class MyThread {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Runnable runnable = ()->{
           //线程休眠
           //1.参数：毫秒为单位的时间差
            try {
                Thread.sleep(2000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"---->"+i);

            }
        };

        Thread thread = new Thread(runnable,"thread1");
        thread.start();

        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            System.out.println("main"+i);
        }
    }

}

线程的优先级

修改这个线程可以去抢到CPU时间片段的概率，其范围为[0,10]，默认值为5，值越大，表明线程抢到的概率就越高。要放到线程开始执行之前设置。

 public static void main(String[] args) { 
        Runnable runnable = ()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"---->"+i); 
            }
        }; 
        Thread thread = new Thread(runnable,"thread1");
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(runnable, "thread2");
        thread.setPriority(1);
        thread2.setPriority(9);
        thread.start();
        thread2.start(); 
 }

线程的礼让

指的是让当前的运行状态的线程释放自己的CPU资源，由运行状态，回到就绪状态。

public class MyThread {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Runnable runnable = ()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"---->"+i);
                if (i==5){
                    Thread.yield();
                }
            }
        };

        Thread thread = new Thread(runnable,"thread1");
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(runnable, "thread2");
        thread.setPriority(1);
        thread2.setPriority(9);
        thread.start();
        thread2.start();

    }
}

临界资源问题

假设某电影院有100张电影票，由4个窗口同时进行销售。

public class Ticket {
    public static void main(String[] args) { 
        Runnable runnable = () -> { 
            while (TicketCount.count > 0) {
            	//同步代码片段，对象锁（字符串），多个线程看到的锁需要是同一把锁
                synchronized ("") {
                    if (TicketCount.count < 0) {
                        return;
                    }
                    String name = Thread.currentThread().getName();
                    System.out.println(name + "卖掉了一张,剩余" + TicketCount.count--);
                }
            }
        };

        Thread seller1 = new Thread(runnable, "seller1");
        Thread seller2 = new Thread(runnable, "seller2");
        Thread seller3 = new Thread(runnable, "seller3");
        Thread seller4 = new Thread(runnable, "seller4");
        seller1.start();
        seller2.start();
        seller3.start();
        seller4.start(); 
    } 
    
} 
class TicketCount {
    static int count = 100;
}

修改：

package org.youyuan.thread;

public class Ticket {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Runnable runnable = () -> { 
            while (TicketCount.count > 0) {
                 sellTickers();
            }
        };

        Thread seller1 = new Thread(runnable, "seller1");
        Thread seller2 = new Thread(runnable, "seller2");
        Thread seller3 = new Thread(runnable, "seller3");
        Thread seller4 = new Thread(runnable, "seller4");
        seller1.start();
        seller2.start();
        seller3.start();
        seller4.start();


    }
	/*同步的方法
	*静态方法：同步锁就是类锁 当前类 .classs
	* 非静态方法：同步锁是 this*/
    private static synchronized void sellTickers() {
        if (TicketCount.count <= 0) {
            return;
        }
        String name = Thread.currentThread().getName();
        System.out.println(name + "卖掉了一张,剩余" + --TicketCount.count);

    }

}

class TicketCount {
    static int count = 100;
}

还可以实例化一个锁对象

public class Lock {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        /*
        * 实例化一个锁对象
        * */
        ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
        Runnable runnable = () -> {
            while (TicketCount.count > 0) {
                //对临界资源上锁
                lock.lock();
                if (TicketCount.count < 0) {
                    return;
                }
                String name = Thread.currentThread().getName();
                System.out.println(name + "卖掉了一张,剩余" + TicketCount.count--);
                //解锁
                lock.unlock();

            }
        };

        Thread seller1 = new Thread(runnable, "seller1");
        Thread seller2 = new Thread(runnable, "seller2");
        Thread seller3 = new Thread(runnable, "seller3");
        Thread seller4 = new Thread(runnable, "seller4");
        seller1.start();
        seller2.start();
        seller3.start();
        seller4.start();
    }
}