不同数据类型

getwd()
#R语言复习
#向量
a<-c(1:10)  
a
class(a)  #a的数据类型
is.numeric(a) #判断a是否是数值型
a[2]  #读取第二个数值
a[2:5]
a[c(1,2,5)]


#矩阵
?matrix() #
b<-c(1:15)
b
newmatrix<-matrix(b,nrow = 3,ncol = 5,byrow = FALSE,dimnames = list(c("第一行","第二行","第三行"),c(1:5)))
newmatrix[3,2]
newmatrix[,4]


#数组
?array
dim1<-c("x1","x2")
dim2<-c("y1","y2","y3")
dim3<-c("z1","z2","z3","z4")
newarray<-array(c(2:25),c(3,4,2),dimnames = list(dim2,dim3,dim1))
newarray
newarray[1,2,2]
newarray[1,2,]

#数据框
?data.frame
ID<-c(14,21,23,45)
age<-c(25,24,52,32)
hypertension<-c("yes","no","yes",NA)
patientdata<-data.frame(ID,age,hypertension)
patientdata<data.frame(ID,hypertension,age,,row.names = ID)
#row.names 实例标识符
patientdata
patientdata$ID
patientdata[1]
patientdata[1:2]
patientdata["ID"]
patientdata[c("age","ID")]
summary(patientdata$age)
plot(patientdata$ID,patientdata$age)
#使用attach函数
?attach()
attach(patientdata)
summary(ID)
summary(hypertension)
plot(age,ID)
detach(patientdata)
?detach
#使用with函数
#ag在函数外 <<-
with(patientdata,{ag<<-summary(age)  
  bg<<-summary(ID)
  plot(ID,age)})
ag
bg

#因子
?factor
hypertension<-factor(hypertension)
class(hypertension)
hypertension
str(hypertension)
?length()
x<-c(1:5,6)
x<-factor(x)
class(x)
str(x)
length(x)
help(factor)