Docker组成 & 安装

结构图：

 

镜像(image)

可以理解成一个模版，可以通过这个模版来创建容器服务，tomcat镜像-> run -> container comcat(提供服务器)

容器(container)

利用容器技术，独立运行一个或者一个组应用，通过镜像来创建
启动、停止、删除等基本命令。

可以理解成一个简易的linux系统

仓库(repository)

存放镜像的地方，类似github

可分为：共有仓库(Docker Hub，阿里云...)与私有仓库

安装

Get Docker | Docker Documentation

 

centos:

要求：

To install Docker Engine, you need a maintained version of CentOS 7 or 8. Archived versions aren’t supported or tested.

查看内核版本
[root@iZwz93269bclc8ax50f8azZ ~]# uname -r
4.18.0-193.14.2.el8_2.x86_64

查看系统版本
[root@iZwz93269bclc8ax50f8azZ ~]# cat /etc/os-release 
NAME="CentOS Linux"
VERSION="8 (Core)"
ID="centos"
ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
VERSION_ID="8"
PLATFORM_ID="platform:el8"
PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 8 (Core)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:8"
HOME_URL="https://www.centos.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"

CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-8"
CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="8"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="centos"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="8"

1. 卸载老版本

   sudo yum remove docker 
                 docker-client 
                 docker-client-latest 
                 docker-common 
                 docker-latest 
                 docker-latest-logrotate 
                 docker-logrotate 
                 docker-engine

2. 需要的安装包安装sudo yum install -y yum-utils

3. 设置镜像仓库

sudo yum-config-manager 
    --add-repo 
    https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo # 默认是国外

sudo yum-config-manager 
    --add-repo 
    http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

Adding repo from: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

3.更新软件包索引

yum makecache centos8

yum makecache fast centos7

1. 安装docker引擎sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

安装指定版本：

sudo yum install docker-ce-<VERSION_STRING> docker-ce-cli-<VERSION_STRING> containerd.io

5.启动systemctl start docker

6.查看是否安装成功docker version

[root@iZwz93269bclc8ax50f8azZ ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.11
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.16.9
 Git commit:        dea9396
 Built:             Thu Nov 18 00:36:58 2021
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.11
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.16.9
  Git commit:       847da18
  Built:            Thu Nov 18 00:35:20 2021
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.4.12
  GitCommit:        7b11cfaabd73bb80907dd23182b9347b4245eb5d
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.2
  GitCommit:        v1.0.2-0-g52b36a2
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

7.运行hello worlddocker run hello-world

 

[root@iZwz93269bclc8ax50f8azZ ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   2 months ago   13.3kB
[root@iZwz93269bclc8ax50f8azZ ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE         COMMAND    CREATED              STATUS                          PORTS     NAMES
cef1089162d8   hello-world   "/hello"   About a minute ago   Exited (0) About a minute ago             condescending_mccarthy

8.卸载

sudo yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io # 卸载资源

 sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker # 默认工作路径
 sudo rm -rf /var/lib/containerd

9.使用阿里云镜像加速

 

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://qzf7r1sp.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

mac:

mirrors 使用国内：

{
  "builder": {
    "gc": {
      "defaultKeepStorage": "20GB",
      "enabled": true
    }
  },
  "registry-mirrors": [
    "http://hub-mirror.c.163.com",
    "https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"
  ],
  "debug": true,
  "max-concurrent-downloads": 1,
  "experimental": true
}

Docker-ce && Docker-ee ，一般社区版就够用了