基于Python的Selenium学习（元素定位、WebElement核心方法和属性）

from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep

def myFirstDemo():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
    sleep(1)
    driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys('selenium')
    driver.find_element_by_id('su').click()
    sleep(3)
    driver.quit()

# 封装myFirstDemo: 元素的定位
class MyFirstTest(object):
    # 初始化
    def __init__(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
        self.driver.maximize_window()
        sleep(1)

    # 退出窗口
    def quitMyTest(self):
        sleep(3)
        self.driver.quit()

    # 通过ID查找元素
    def myTestById(self):
        # id是唯一的
        self.driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys('selenium')
        self.driver.find_element_by_id('su').click()

    # 通过name查找元素
    def myTestByName(self):
        # find_element_by_name()可能返回多个元素，查找的时候返回第1个
        # find_elements_by_name()返回一个集合
        self.driver.find_element_by_name('wd').send_keys('selenium')
        self.driver.find_element_by_id('su').click()

    # 通过链接文本定位元素
    def myTestByLinkText(self):
        self.myTestById()
        self.driver.find_element_by_link_text('百度首页').click()

    # 通过部分链接文本定位
    def myTestByPartialLinkText(self):
        self.myTestById()
        self.driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text('首页').click()

    # 通过xpath定位
    def myTestByXpath(self):
        # 熟悉xpath语法
        self.driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="kw"]').send_keys('极客时间')

    # 通过标签名称定位
    def myTestByTagName(self):
        input = self.driver.find_element_by_tag_name('input')[0]  # tag太多了
        print(input)
        # <selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement (session="4bd3b42c106dce0c5f9d29b00cdce27f",
        # element="8d873c4e-83ca-4fab-b542-9ef78d208a53")>

    # 通过css选择器定位
    def myTestCssSelect(self):
        # copy -> css selector
        self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector('#kw').send_keys('极客时间')

    # 通过css class定位
    def myTestCssClass(self):
        self.driver.find_element_by_class_name('s_ipt').send_keys('极客时间')

    def myTestByAll(self):
        self.driver.find_element(By.ID, value='kw').send_keys('极客时间')  # 默认使用ID


# WebDriver常用属性及核心方法
class LearnProperty(object):
    # 初始化
    def __init__(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
        self.driver.maximize_window()
        sleep(1)

    # 退出窗口
    def quitMyTest(self):
        sleep(3)
        self.driver.quit()

    # WebDriver常用属性
    def testProperty(self):
        # 浏览器名称
        print(self.driver.name)
        # 当前url
        print(self.driver.current_url)
        # 当前页面标题
        print(self.driver.title)
        # 当前页面源码
        print(self.driver.page_source)
        # 窗口句柄
        print(self.driver.current_window_handle)
        # 当前窗口所有句柄
        # print(self.driver.current_handles)

    # WebDriver核心方法
    def testMethod(self):
        self.driver.find_element_by_name('wd').send_keys('selenium')
        self.driver.find_element_by_id('su').click()
        # 后退
        self.driver.back()
        # 刷新
        self.driver.refresh()
        # 前进
        self.driver.forward()
        # 关闭当前Tab页
        self.driver.close()
        # quit()：关闭浏览器

    # 实现窗口之间的切换
    def testSwitchWindows(self):
        self.driver.find_element_by_link_text('新闻').click()
        windows = self.driver.window_handles
        count = 0
        while count < 5:
            for window in windows:
                self.driver.switch_to.window(window)
                count += 1
                sleep(2)


# WebElement核心方法和属性
class TestWebElement(object):
    # 初始化
    def __init__(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.driver.get('http://sahitest.com/demo')
        self.driver.maximize_window()
        sleep(1)

    def quitMyTest(self):
        sleep(3)
        self.driver.quit()

    # webElement常用属性
    def webElementAttri(self):
        self.driver.find_element_by_link_text('Link Test').click()
        element = self.driver.find_element_by_id('t1')
        print(element.id)
        print(element.size)
        print(element.rect)
        print(element.tag_name)
        print(element.text)

    # WebElement的相关方法
    def webElementMethod(self):
        self.driver.find_element_by_link_text('Link Test').click()
        element = self.driver.find_element_by_id('t1')
        element.send_keys('input text')
        # 获得属性值
        print(element.get_attribute('value'))
        print(element.get_attribute('type'))
        print(element.get_attribute('name'))
        # is_displayed():是否显示
        print(element.is_displayed())
        # 清空内容
        element.clear()
        # click()：单击
        self.driver.find_element_by_link_text('1234').click()
        self.driver.find_element_by_link_text('Select Test').click()
        ele = self.driver.find_element_by_id('s1Id')
        # is_selected():是否被选中
        print(ele.is_selected())
        # is_enabled():是否可用
        print(ele.is_enabled())
        # value_of_css_property():css属性值
        print(ele.value_of_css_property('value'))



if __name__ == '__main__':
    # case = MyFirstTest()
    # case.myTestById()
    # case.myTestByName()
    # case.myTestByTagName()
    # case = LearnProperty()
    # case.testSwitchWindows()
    case = TestWebElement()
    case.webElementMethod()
    # 退出窗口
    case.quitMyTest()