你知道怎么在事务方法中处理异步方法，保证数据一致性吗？

今天同事遇到了，因事务方法中，调用了异步线程，导致数据未查询到(主订单的包装信息，该主订单包含了两个子订单信息)。

解决思路：手动提交事务后，再调用异步线程。

看一下伪代码

@Autowired
@Qualifier(value = "applicationThreadPoolTaskExecutor")
private ThreadPoolTaskExecutor threadPoolTaskExecutor;

@Autowired
private PackageInfoMapper packageInfoMapper;

@Autowired
private OrderMapper orderMapper;

    
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public void saveOrderPackageInfo(PackageInfo packageInfo){
    //保存包装信息
    packageInfoMapper.save(packageInfo);
    //修改订单状态
    orderMapper.update(packageInfo);
    //异步把包装信息发送至第三方
    threadPoolTaskExecutor.submit(() -> {
      //查询id为1的数据
      List<OrderPackageInfo> 0rderPackageInfo= packageInfoMapper.select(packageInfo.getOrderNo);
      // todo把数据发送发给第三方
    
    });
}

第一种方案：

手动提交事务后，在调用异步线程。

@Autowired
@Qualifier(value = "applicationThreadPoolTaskExecutor")
private ThreadPoolTaskExecutor threadPoolTaskExecutor;

@Autowired
private PackageInfoMapper packageInfoMapper;

@Autowired
private OrderMapper orderMapper;
@Autowired
 private TransactionDefinition transactionDefinition;

    
public void saveOrderPackageInfo(PackageInfo packageInfo){
    TransactionStatus transaction = platformTransactionManager.getTransaction(transactionDefinition);
    try {
     //保存包装信息
     packageInfoMapper.save(packageInfo);
     //修改订单状态
     orderMapper.update(packageInfo);
   
     platformTransactionManager.commit(transaction);
     System.out.println("提交成功。。。");
       //异步把包装信息发送至第三方
      threadPoolTaskExecutor.submit(() -> {
        //查询id为1的数据
        List<OrderPackageInfo> 0rderPackageInfo= packageInfoMapper.select(packageInfo.getOrderNo);
        // todo把数据发送发给第三方
      
      });
    } catch (Exception e) {
     System.out.println("进入了异常。。。");
     platformTransactionManager.rollback(transaction);
    }
}

第二种方案：

用Spring提供的AbstractPlatformTransactionManager的api

public final void commit(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException {
  // ... 省略前面代码
    processCommit(defStatus);

}

  private void processCommit(DefaultTransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException {
  // 事务提交
  // ... 代码省略
// 事务提交后扩展点核心方法      triggerAfterCompletion(status,TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_ROLLED_BACK);

}

private void triggerAfterCompletion(DefaultTransactionStatus status, int completionStatus) {
    if (status.isNewSynchronization()) {
      // 这里可以看到在事务提交后会执行 TransactionSynchronization接口的代码，所以只需要注册一个接口到List<TransactionSynchronization>中
      List<TransactionSynchronization> synchronizations = TransactionSynchronizationManager.getSynchronizations();
      TransactionSynchronizationManager.clearSynchronization();
      if (!status.hasTransaction() || status.isNewTransaction()) {
        if (status.isDebug()) {
          logger.trace("Triggering afterCompletion synchronization");
        }
        // No transaction or new transaction for the current scope ->
        // invoke the afterCompletion callbacks immediately
        invokeAfterCompletion(synchronizations, completionStatus);
      }
      else if (!synchronizations.isEmpty()) {
        // Existing transaction that we participate in, controlled outside
        // of the scope of this Spring transaction manager -> try to register
        // an afterCompletion callback with the existing (JTA) transaction.
        registerAfterCompletionWithExistingTransaction(status.getTransaction(), synchronizations);
      }
    }
  }

// TransactionSynchronizationAdapter是TransactionSynchronization的默认实现
TransactionSynchronizationManager.registerSynchronization(new TransactionSynchronizationAdapter() {
    @Override
    public void afterCommit() {
        // 事务提交后需要执行的业务逻辑
    }
});

更改后的代码

@Autowired
@Qualifier(value = "applicationThreadPoolTaskExecutor")
private ThreadPoolTaskExecutor threadPoolTaskExecutor;

@Autowired
private PackageInfoMapper packageInfoMapper;

@Autowired
private OrderMapper orderMapper;

    
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public void saveOrderPackageInfo(PackageInfo packageInfo){
    //保存包装信息
    packageInfoMapper.save(packageInfo);
    //修改订单状态
    orderMapper.update(packageInfo);
    TransactionSynchronizationManager.registerSynchronization(new TransactionSynchronizationAdapter() {
    @Override
    public void afterCommit() {
        // 事务提交后需要执行的业务逻辑
        //异步把包装信息发送至第三方
      threadPoolTaskExecutor.submit(() -> {
      //查询id为1的数据
      List<OrderPackageInfo> 0rderPackageInfo= packageInfoMapper.select(packageInfo.getOrderNo);
      // todo把数据发送发给第三方
    
    });
    }
  });

    
}

注意：此方法会在事务提交后执行afterCommit 的代码块。

我推荐第二种，代码简化

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