shell 之 case语句

case语句

case语句是点名语句，每个分支语句之间是平衡的，在进行判定时，每个分支语句之判定一次，适合于字符匹配。
if else 语句适合在判断时用，if语句每个分支语句之间是有优先级的，在进行判定时，每个语句都要判定一次。
case语句和if语句相比，判定次数少。

• 示例 1

[root@fuwu test]# cat case.sh 
#!/bin/bash
case $1 in
student|limin|westos)
     echo "Welcome,$1"
     ;;
*)
     echo "Sorry!"
     ;;
esac
[root@fuwu test]# sh case.sh 
Sorry!
[root@fuwu test]# sh case.sh limin
Welcome,limin
[root@fuwu test]# sh case.sh aa
Sorry!

• 示例 2 ：交互式例子1

[root@fuwu test]# cat jiaohu.sh 
#!/bin/bash
while true
do
    echo -e "
    \033[31m A 显示主机IP \033[0m
    \033[32m B 显示磁盘剩余空间 \033[0m
    \033[33m C 显示系统运行时间 \033[0m
    \033[34m Q 退出系统 \033[0m
"
read -p "请输入你的选择：" char

case $char in

a|A)
   ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet " | awk '{print $2}'
    ;;

b|B)
    df -h | awk 'NR==2{print "剩余空间大小为："$4}'
    ;;

c|C)
    uptime |awk '{print $3}' | awk -F, '{print $1}' | awk -F: '{print "系统已经运行了"$1"小时"$2"分钟"}'
    ;;

q|Q)
    exit 0
    ;;

esac
done

• 例3：交互式例子2

#!/bin/bash
while true
do
echo "Please input action:
          C:create user
          D:delete user 
          E:exit
        "
Action_cmd(){
read -p "Your action:" char
case $char in
C|c)
Create_cmd(){
        read -p "Please input username:" username
        #read -p "Please input passwd" -s passwd
        id $username &> /dev/null &&{
            echo "$username is exist"
                Create_cmd
        }||{
        useradd "$username"
        read -p "Please input passwd:" -s passwd
        echo $passwd | passwd --stdin $username &> /dev/null
        echo ""
        echo  "$username is created!"
        }
}
Create_cmd
;;
D|d)

Delete_cmd(){
        read -p "Please input you want delete username:" user
        id $user &> /dev/null &&{
        userdel -r $user
        echo "$user delete successuful!!"
        }||{
        echo "$user not exist!"
        Delete_cmd
        }
}
Delete_cmd
;;
E|e)
echo "bye~"
exit 0
;;
*)
echo "Please input true action!!!"
Action_cmd
;;
esac
}
Action_cmd
done

结果图