if ( 条件, 结果(条件成立), 结果(条件不成立) )
-- 大于90分 评为"优", 小于100分 评为"良"
SELECT user_name, user_subject, if (user_grade > 90, "优", "良" ) from t_user_grade
-- user_grade>90, 优, 90>=user_grade>80 良, 80>= user_grade > 60 及格, <=60 不及格
SELECT user_name,user_subject,
IF (user_grade > 90,
"优",
IF (user_grade > 80,
"良",
IF (user_grade > 60,"及格","不及格")))
as grade_level
FROM t_user_grade
--注: && = and , || = or
-- user_grade>90 并且 user_name = "小王" 评为:优
SELECT user_name, user_subject, if (user_grade > 90 && user_name = "小王", "优", "良" ) from t_user_grade
coalesce(v1, v2, v3 , v4)
-- v1为Null取v2, v2为Null取v3......, 如果都是Null, 就取Null
select COALESCE(user_name, user_name1, user_name2), user_grade from t_user_grade